| 词条 | Black Sea Naval Force |
| 释义 |
The Black Sea Naval Force (also known as blackseafor or the Black Sea Naval Cooperation Task Group) is a Black Sea naval cooperation program established in 2001 on the initiative of Turkey with the participation of Bulgaria, Romania, Ukraine, Russia and Georgia.[1][2] HistoryThe original purpose of blackseafor was "to cooperatively promote security and stability in the Black Sea maritime area and beyond, strengthen friendship and good neighborly relations among the regional States, and increase interoperability among those states' naval forces".[3] The blackseafor has conducted several joint naval drills since its formation, however it has been suspended several times.[4][5] The 2008 Russo-Georgian war lead Georgia to suspend its involvement in blackseafor drills and Russia to refuse to take part in drills involving Georgia.[6] The partnership was effectively suspended in 2014 following unrest in Ukraine.[7] In 2015, after a Russian plane was shot down by Turkish forces Russia suspended its membership of blackseafor.[8] See also
References1. ^{{cite web|title=Ukraine's attempts to exclude Russia from BlackSeaFor fail — military source|url=http://tass.com/russia/741296|website=TASS|accessdate=12 December 2016}} 2. ^{{cite news|title=Black sea countries to sign Blackseafor agreement Monday|url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/black-sea-countries-to-sign-blackseafor-agreement-monday.aspx?pageID=438&n=black-sea-countries-to-sign-blackseafor-agreement-monday-2001-03-28|work=Hürriyet Daily News|date=28 March 2001}} 3. ^{{cite book|last1=Özdal|first1=Habibe|title=Turkey-Ukraine Relations: High Potential, Low Voltage|date=1 December 2011|publisher=International Strategic Research Organization (USAK)|page=34|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=N1O8AgAAQBAJ}} 4. ^{{cite web|title=Blackseafor warships to hold drills Aug. 11-30|url=http://en.rian.ru/mlitary_news/20100810/160143192.html|website=RIA Novosti|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100815224217/http://en.rian.ru/mlitary_news/20100810/160143192.html|archivedate=15 August 2010|date=10 August 2010}} 5. ^{{cite web|last1=Sanchez|first1=W. Alejandro|title=Did BLACKSEAFOR Ever Have a Chance?|url=http://www.e-ir.info/2012/11/18/did-blackseafor-ever-have-a-chance/|publisher=E-International Relations|date=18 November 2012}} 6. ^{{cite news|title=Russian Warship Arrives in Bulgarian Black Sea for Naval Drills|url=http://www.novinite.com/articles/106575/Russian+Warship+Arrives+in+Bulgarian+Black+Sea+Arrives|work=Novinite|date=6 August 2009}} 7. ^{{cite news|last1=Kucera|first1=Joshua|title=Black Sea Naval Cooperation Another Casualty Of Ukraine War|url=http://www.eurasianet.org/node/69161|work=EurasiaNet|date=23 July 2014}} 8. ^{{cite web|title=Russia suspends participation in BLACKSEAFOR drills after Turkey’s downing of Russian jet|url=http://tass.com/defense/839869|website=TASS|accessdate=12 December 2016|date=27 November 2015}} Further reading
10 : Black Sea organizations|Bulgarian Navy|Military of Georgia (country)|Romanian Navy|Russian Navy|Turkish Navy|Ukrainian Navy|Multinational units and formations|Military units and formations established in 2001|Naval diplomacy |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。