| 词条 | Arthur Gordon Webster |
| 释义 |
|name = Arthur Webster |image = |image_size = |caption = Arthur Gordon Webster |birth_date = {{birth date|1863|11|28}} |birth_place = Brookline, Massachusetts |death_date = {{death date and age|1923|5|15|1863|11|28}} |death_place = Worcester, Massachusetts |residence = U.S. |nationality = the United States |alma_mater = Harvard College University of Berlin |thesis_title = Versuche über eine Methode zur Bestimmung des Verhältnisses der elektromagnetischen zur elektrostatischen Einheit der Elektricität |thesis_year = 1890 |doctoral_advisor = Hermann von Helmholtz |doctoral_students = Mildred Allen Robert Goddard Albert Potter Wills |known_for = Acoustics Ballistics Founder of the APS |footnotes = | |field = Physicist |work_institution = Clark University |prizes = Elihu Thomson prize (1895) }} Arthur Gordon Webster (November 28, 1863 – May 15, 1923), physicist, was a founder and president of the American Physical Society. BiographyArthur Gordon Webster was born on 28 November 1863 at Brookline, Massachusetts to William Edward Webster and Mary Shannon Davis. On 8 October 1889 he married Elizabeth Munroe Townsend, daughter of Captain Robert Townsend and Harriett Munro of Albany, New York.[1] Webster had graduated from Harvard College in 1885 at the top of his class and had stayed for a year as instructor in mathematics and physics. At the end of that year he went to the University of Berlin where he studied for four years with Hermann von Helmholtz, receiving his PhD in 1890. Helmholtz is said to have considered Webster his favorite American student. During this period Webster also studied in Paris and Stockholm. He was unusually proficient in literature and was fluent in Latin, Greek, German, French, and Swedish, with a good knowledge of Italian and Spanish and competency in Russian and modern Greek. Clark University president G. Stanley Hall appointed Webster assistant professor and head of the Physical Laboratories in 1892, when physicist Albert A. Michelson left for the newly organized University of Chicago. At that time, only Johns Hopkins University and Clark University had doctoral programs in physics. Webster was promoted to full professor in 1900. Webster was unusual for his time in that he was both a proficient mathematician as well as a competent experimentalist. Webster's research was in the field of acoustics and mechanics. He is credited with developing an instrument to measure the absolute intensity of sound (the phonometer) and for research on the gyroscope. He also gave graduate lectures in theoretical physics at Clark University, which have been published as three textbooks. A group of twenty physicists, invited by Webster, founded the American Physical Society at a meeting at Fayerweather Hall in Columbia University on 20 May 1899. In 1903, Webster became president of the American Physical Society and was elected to the National Academy of Sciences. Webster committed suicide in 1923, following the closure of the mathematics department at Clark, after it was rumored that the physics department would be the next to be closed by the new president. With a revolver he had bought a few hours before, Webster shot himself twice in the head in his private office while a class waited for him next door. He left a note to his son which read;
Books by Arthur Gordon Webster
References1. ^{{cite book |title=Biographical Memoir of Arthur Gordon Webster 1863-1923 |last= Ames|first= Joseph S|authorlink= |year= 1957|publisher= National Academy of Sciences|location= |isbn= |page= |pages= |url=http://books.nap.edu/html/biomems/awebster.pdf|accessdate= }} 2. ^{{cite news |first= |last= |authorlink= |coauthors= |title=Commits Suicide While Class Waits |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1923/05/16/archives/commits-suicide-while-class-waits-dr-ac-webster-of-clark-university.html?sq=%2522Arthur%2520Gordon%2520Webster%2522&scp=2&st=cse |work= |publisher= New York Times|date=15 May 1923 |accessdate=May 1, 2009}} External links
8 : 1893 births|1923 deaths|People from Brookline, Massachusetts|Harvard College alumni|Clark University faculty|20th-century American physicists|Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences|Naval Consulting Board |
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