| 词条 | Arthur Kill Vertical Lift Bridge | ||
| 释义 |
|bridge_name= Arthur Kill Vertical Lift Bridge |image= Arthur Kill Lift Bridge by Dave Frieder.jpg |image_size=300px |caption= Arthur Kill Lift Bridge |official_name= |also_known_as= |carries= Conrail |crosses= Arthur Kill |locale= Elizabeth, New Jersey and Staten Island, New York, United States |owner=New York City Economic Development Corporation[1][2] |maint= |id= |design= Vertical-lift bridge |mainspan= {{convert|558|ft}}[2] |length= |width= |clearance= |height={{convert|215|ft}} |below= {{convert|135|ft}} open {{convert|31|ft}} closed[3] | num_track = 1 | track_gauge = {{Track gauge|ussg|allk=on}} | structure_gauge = AAR | electrification = None |traffic= |open= August 25, 1959; reopened October 4, 2006 |closed= |map_cue= |map_image= |map_text= |map_width= |coordinates={{coord|40.637518|N|74.195486|W|display=inline,title}} |references= [4] }} The Arthur Kill Vertical Lift Railroad Bridge is a rail vertical-lift bridge connecting Elizabethport, New Jersey and the Howland Hook Marine Terminal on Staten Island, New York, United States. The bridge was built by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad in 1959 to replace the Arthur Kill Bridge, a swing bridge opened in 1890.[5] It contains a single track that is used mainly to carry garbage out of New York City, as well as to transport freight to various destinations in western Staten Island. The bridge parallels the Goethals Bridge, which carries Interstate 278. It has the longest lift span of any vertical-lift bridge in the world,[6] with two {{convert|215|ft|m|adj=on}} towers and a {{convert|558|ft|m|0|adj=on}} truss span that allows a {{convert|500|ft|m|0|adj=on}} channel. It clears mean high water by {{convert|31|ft|m|2}} when closed and {{convert|135|ft|m|0}} when lifted.[7] First period of useAfter the bridge opened in 1959 upon having replaced the Arthur Kill Bridge,[5] rail traffic declined due to loss of manufacturing facilities on Staten Island. Bethlehem Steel closed in 1960, U.S. Gypsum in 1972, U.S. Lines-Howland Hook Marine Terminal in 1986, and Procter and Gamble in 1991. A shift to truck traffic also reduced rail traffic over the bridge, and the North Shore branch of rail service went through a series of owners. The three companies that owned the North Branch were B&O Railroad, CSX, and the Delaware Otsego Corporation. They saw the bridge as excess property. The last freight train went over the Arthur Kill Lift Bridge in 1990, and North Shore branch service ended until 2007.[8] Second period of useIn 1994, the New York City Economic Development Corporation (NYCEDC) purchased the Arthur Kill Railroad Lift Bridge and the North Shore branch from CSX.[9] In December 2004, NYCEDC and the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey announced a $72 million project to rehabilitate the bridge and reactivate freight rail service on Staten Island. Repairs included repainting the steel and rehabilitating the lift mechanism.[10] The bridge was painted royal blue in an homage to the B&O.[11] The rehabilitation project was completed in June 2006. On October 4, 2006, a train crossed the bridge for the first time in 16 years. It was a single locomotive which took on switching duties at the New York Container Terminal, also known by its old name, Howland Hook.[12] On April 2, 2007, normal operations involving garbage removal from the Staten Island Transfer Station started, which would result in an estimated 90,000 annual truck loads diverted from the nearby Goethals Bridge.[13] On October 4, 2007, New York Container Terminal, which operates Howland Hook, announced the opening of on-dock rail service called ExpressRail via the bridge, with regular service by Conrail, CSX and Norfolk Southern railroads.[14] In 2013, Covanta Energy signed a contract with the New York City Sanitation Department to barge containers of solid waste from transfer stations in Queens and Manhattan to New York Container Terminal where they will be transferred to rail cars for shipment to Covanta waste to energy plants.[17] Arthur Kill is an important ship channel. The bridge is normally kept in the raised position (open to shipping), lowering to allow the passage of trains.[15] As of 2018, U.S. Coast Guard regulations[16] limit lowering the bridge to two 15-minute periods per day, with advance warning and restrictions on lowering during high tide. Conrail, which services Staten Island with one train a day, has stated that they do not see this limitation affecting current rail traffic levels, but it could become a problem if traffic increases significantly[17]{{rp|p. 15}} Image gallerySee also
References1. ^{{cite news|last=Belson|first=Ken|title=City Hopes to Fix a Staten Island Railroad Bridge That Could, but Now Can't|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/13/nyregion/13train.html|accessdate=July 24, 2013|newspaper=The New York Times|date=March 13, 2007|author2=Neuman, William}} 2. ^{{cite web|title=Arthur Kill Vertical Lift Bridge|publisher=Structurae|url=http://en.structurae.de/structures/data/index.cfm?id=s0043331|accessdate=May 11, 2013}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=Chart 12333|publisher=NOAA|url=http://www.charts.noaa.gov/OnLineViewer/12333.shtml|accessdate=December 8, 2017}} 4. ^https://bridgehunter.com/ny/richmond/bh48599/ 5. ^1 {{cite news |author= |coauthors= |title=Center of New Bridge Floated Across Arthur Kill on 4 Barges |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1959/06/01/archives/center-of-new-bridge-floated-across-arthur-kill-on-4-barges.html |quote=The center of the world's longest vertical-lift bridge was floated into place yesterday across the Arthur Kill between Elizabethport, N. J., and Arlington, S. I. ... Section of new BO bridge is moved into position in Arthur Kill behind old ... Kill on 4 Barges. The center of the world's longest vertical lift bridge ... |work=The New York Times |date=June 1, 1959 |accessdate=September 16, 2010 }} 6. ^{{cite web|title=Movable bridge|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/395176/movable-bridge|work=Encyclopædia Britannica Online|accessdate=August 15, 2013}} 7. ^Railway Age March 4, 1957 p36 8. ^{{cite news |author= |coauthors= |title=NJ-Staten Island link poised to return; Arthur Kill bridge finally fixed |url=http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-6378943/NJ-Staten-Island-link-poised.html |quote=The bridge's owner--the city Economic Development Corp., has spent millions of dollars in recent years to rehabilitate the bridge, which is the longest of its kind in the nation. |work=Crain's New York Business |date=March 26, 2007 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110615054317/http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-6378943/NJ-Staten-Island-link-poised.html |archivedate=June 15, 2011|accessdate=May 11, 2013 }} 9. ^http://www.envisionfreight.com/issues/pdf/Task_6_Case_Study_SIRR.pdf 10. ^{{cite book | title=Surface Transportation Board Reports: Decisions of the Surface Transportation Board of the United States, V. 7, June 2003 to December 2004 | publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office | year=2010 | isbn=978-0-16-084095-1 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=21tmsJoxcW8C&pg=PA757 | access-date=2018-02-23 | page=757}} 11. ^The royal blue color was a thematic element of much of the B&O. It was used as the name of the premier Royal Blue (train) service between Washington and New York for example. 12. ^{{cite news |last=Young |first=Deborah |title=Riding the rails into the port's future |newspaper=Staten Island Advance |date=October 5, 2006}} 13. ^{{cite news |last=Yates |first=Maura |title=As the trash train rolls, fewer trucks clog roads |newspaper=Staten Island Advance |date=April 3, 2007}} 14. ^{{cite press release|title=NYCT announces the opening of its On-Dock Rail! |url=http://www.nycterminal.com/t3/index.php?id=151 |publisher=New York Container Terminal |date=October 4, 2007 |accessdate=January 15, 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714215754/http://www.nycterminal.com/t3/index.php?id=151 |archivedate=July 14, 2011 }} 15. ^1 {{cite web|title=Arthur Kill Lift Bridge [rehabiltation project]|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160617191542/http://www.hudsonmeridian.com/project_arthur_kill.html|publisher=Hudson Meridian Construction Group|archivedate=June 17, 2016|year=2008}} 16. ^[https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/33/117.702 33 CFR 117.702 Arthur Kill] 17. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://dsny.cityofnewyork.us/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Appendix_C_Rail_Capacity_Plan.pdf|title=Appendix C - Rail Freight Capacity Analysis For Movement Of New York City Waste|date=June 2018|publisher=City of New York Department of Sanitation}} External links{{Commons category|Arthur Kill Vertical Lift Bridge}}
|structure = Bridges |place = Arthur Kill |bridge = Arthur Kill Vertical Lift Bridge |bridge signs = |upstream = Newark Bay Bridge (Newark Bay) |upstream signs = |downstream = Goethals Bridge |downstream signs = }}{{NYC Bridge}}{{Staten Island Rapid Transit Operating Authority}} 17 : Baltimore and Ohio Railroad bridges|Bridges completed in 1959|Bridges in Staten Island|CSX Transportation bridges|Rail freight transportation in New York City|Railroad bridges in New Jersey|Railroad bridges in New York City|Staten Island Railway|Transportation in Elizabeth, New Jersey|Vertical lift bridges in New Jersey|Vertical lift bridges in New York City|Buildings and structures in Elizabeth, New Jersey|Bridges in New York City|Steel bridges in the United States|Bridges in Union County, New Jersey|1959 establishments in New Jersey|1959 establishments in New York (state) |
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