| 词条 | As-Safir |
| 释义 |
|name = As-Safir السفير | logo = As-Safir-logo.png | logo_size = 200px |image = As-Safir-16-Aprl-2013.jpg |caption = As-Safir front page, 16 April 2013 |type = Daily newspaper |format = Broadsheet |foundation = 26 March 1974 |publisher = Dar Al Safir |editor= Talal Salman |headquarters = Beirut, Lebanon |language = Arabic |political = Pan-Arab[1][2] |circulation = 50,000 (2012) |website = {{official|http://www.assafir.com/ }} | }}As-Safir ({{lang-ar|السفير}}), meaning The Ambassador, was a leading Arabic-language daily newspaper in Lebanon. The headquarters of the daily is in Beirut.[3] It has been in circulation from March 1974 until December 2016. The last issue of the paper was published on 31 December 2016. History and profileAs-Safir was first published by Talal Salman on 26 March 1974 as an Arabic political daily.[4][5] Talal Salman also served as chief editor of the paper.[5] In 2005, the daily's chief editor was late Joseph Samaha.[6][7] The publisher of the daily is Dar Al Safir.[3] It is published in broadsheet format.[10]On 18 July 2011, the paper, together with Al Akhbar, another daily published in Lebanon, was banned in Syria.[8] As-Safir had a weekly page on the environmental issues.[9]Political approachAs-Safir stated its mission as to be "the newspaper of Lebanon in the Arab world and the newspaper of the Arab world in Lebanon." (in Arabic جريدة لبنان في الوطن العربي وجريدة الوطن العربي في لبنان)[10] This remained the slogan printed on the paper's masthead.[11] It also adopted the slogan "The voice of voiceless" (in Arabic صوت اللذين لا صوت لهم) The paper provided an independent voice for the left-wing, Pan-Arab tendency which was increasingly active in Lebanese intellectual and political life in the years after the Arab defeat in the Six-Day War. It also focused on issues pertaining to the Muslim world, advocated Arab nationalism, was close to Hezbollah and had a pro-Syrian stance.[12]Another Lebanese daily, An-Nahar, was cited as the biggest rival of As-Safir.[13] In the mid-1990s, the paper was described as a left-of-center paper, whereas An-Nahar as a right-of-center paper.[14] During the same period, As-Safir was also described by Robert Fisk as a Syrian-backed newspaper.[15] In the 2000s these papers were again supporters of two opposite poles in Lebanon, in that An-Nahar is a supporter of March 14 alliance, whereas As-Safir supported March 8 alliance.[19] Circulation and websitesAs-Safir had the second highest circulation in the 1990s after An-Nahar.[14] Its circulation was 45,000 copies in 2003, being the second best selling paper in Lebanon.[16] In 2012, the Lebanese Ministry of Information stated that the daily had a circulation of 50,000 copies, being the first in the country.[4][17][18]In addition to its Arabic website, the paper had also an English website.[19] The paper's online version was the 16th most visited website for 2010 in the MENA region.[20] References1. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/19/world/middleeast/un-rights-panel-says-violence-in-syria-is-mounting.html|title=U.N. Rights Officials Urge Syria War Crimes Charges|work=The New York Times|author=Nick Cumming-Bruce|date=18 February 2013|accessdate= 26 April 2015|quote=The pro-Assad Lebanese newspaper As-Safir}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.mmedia.me/lb/en/commentaryanalysis/assad-reading-the-signs |title=Assad reading the signs |work=NOW News |author=Tony Badran |date=25 April 2013 |accessdate=27 April 2015 |quote=The Pro-Assad regime Lebanese newspaper As-Safir }}{{dead link|date=July 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 3. ^1 {{cite web|title=Media Landscape|url=http://www.menassat.com/?q=en/media-landscape/media-landscape-8|work=Menassat|accessdate=22 September 2013}} 4. ^1 {{cite web|title=Lebanon. Media Landscape|url=http://ejc.net/media_landscapes/lebanon|publisher=European Journalism Center|accessdate=15 September 2014}} 5. ^{{cite journal|last=Yehia|first=Ranwa|title=Salam bid farewell|journal=Al Ahram Weekly|date=27 January – 2 February 2000|volume=466|url=http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2000/466/re3.htm|accessdate=27 March 2013}} 6. ^{{cite news|last=Mouawad|first=Jad|title=Lebanese Lawmakers Bring Back Pro-Syrian Prime Minister|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/03/09/international/middleeast/09cnd-lebanon.html?pagewanted=print&position=&_r=0|accessdate=18 March 2013|newspaper=The New York Times|date=9 March 2005}} 7. ^{{cite journal|last=Assir|first=Serene|title=Divided we fall|journal=Al Ahram Weekly|date=21–27 April 2005|volume=739|url=http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2005/739/re5.htm|accessdate=15 April 2013}} 8. ^{{cite web|title=Press and Cultural Freedom in Lebanon, Syria, Jordan and Palestine|url=http://www.skeyesmedia.org/extensions/pdf/english_final.pdf|work=SKeyes|accessdate=10 October 2014|format=Annual report|year=2011}} 9. ^{{cite web|author=Najib Saab |title=The Environment in Arab Media |url=http://www.afedonline.org/afedreport/english/book14.pdf |work=Arab Forum for Environment and Development |accessdate=7 October 2014 |format=Report |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010170621/http://www.afedonline.org/afedreport/english/book14.pdf |archivedate=10 October 2014 |df=dmy }} 10. ^{{cite journal|author=Dany Badran|title=Democracy and Rhetoric in the Arab World|journal=The Journal of the Middle East and Africa|year=2013|volume=4|issue=1|pages=65–86|doi=10.1080/21520844.2013.772685}} 11. ^1 {{cite web|title=Lebanon |url=http://www.publicitas.com/fileadmin/uploads/italy/Files/ME_portfolio_01.pdf |work=Publicitas |accessdate=8 June 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121202073858/http://www.publicitas.com/fileadmin/uploads/italy/Files/ME_portfolio_01.pdf |archivedate=2 December 2012 |df=dmy }} 12. ^{{cite news|title=Mikati unveils 30-member Cabinet dominated by Hizbullah and March 8 allies|url=http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Mikati+unveils+30-member+Cabinet+dominated+by+Hizbullah+and+March+8...-a0260069501|accessdate=10 March 2013|work=The Daily Middle East Reporter|date=14 June 2011}} 13. ^{{cite journal|last=Fakih|first=Mohalhel|title=Pulling at Lebanon's strings|journal=Al Ahram Weekly|date=2–8 September 2004|volume=706|url=http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2004/706/re4.htm|accessdate=19 April 2013}} 14. ^1 {{cite book|title=Mass Media in the Middle East: A Comprehensive Handbook|year=1994|publisher=Greenwood Press|location=Westport, CT|url=https://www.questia.com/read/23321484/mass-media-in-the-middle-east-a-comprehensive-handbook|author=Yahya R. Kamalipour|author2=Hamid Mowlana|accessdate=9 September 2013}} {{Subscription required|via=Questia}} 15. ^{{cite news|author=Robert Fisk|title=Beirut newspaper defies closure: Lebanese officials say left-wing daily 'endangered security of the state' with peace talks report|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/beirut-newspaper-defies-closure-lebanese-officials-say-leftwing-daily-endangered-security-of-the-state-with-peace-talks-report-2322563.html|accessdate=31 July 2014|work=The Independent|date=13 May 1993|location=Beirut}} 16. ^1 {{cite web|title=World Press Trends|url=http://www.wan-press.org/ecrire/upload/wpt2004.pdf|publisher=World Association of Newspapers|accessdate=15 February 2015|location=Paris|date=2004}} 17. ^1 {{cite web|title=Mapping Digital Media: Lebanon|url=http://www.opensocietyfoundations.org/sites/default/files/mapping-digital-media-lebanon-20120506.pdf|work=Open Society Foundations|accessdate=19 September 2013|date=15 March 2012}} 18. ^{{cite web|title=Lebanon Press|url=http://www.pressreference.com/Ky-Ma/Lebanon.html|work=Press Reference|accessdate=27 September 2013}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.assafir.com/Channel/50/English/SubMenu|title=English - جريدة السفير|publisher=}} 20. ^{{cite news|title=Forbes Releases Top 50 MENA Online Newspapers; Lebanon Fails to Make Top 10|url=http://www.jadaoun.com/2803/forbes-releases-top-50-mena-online-newspapers-lebanon-fails-to-make-top-10/|accessdate=11 September 2014|work=Jad Aoun|date=28 October 2010}} External links
9 : 1974 establishments in Lebanon|Arab nationalism in Lebanon|Arabic-language newspapers|Media in Beirut|Newspapers published in Lebanon|Pan-Arabism|Publications established in 1974|Defunct newspapers of Lebanon|Publications disestablished in 2016 |
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