| 词条 | Australian Aboriginal enumeration | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Australian Aboriginal counting system was used to send messages on message sticks to neighbouring clans to alert them of, or invite them to, corroborees, set-fights, and ball games. Numbers could clarify the day the meeting was to be held (in a number of "moons") and where (the number of camps' distance away). The messenger would have a message "in his mouth" to go along with the message stick. A common misconception among non-Aboriginals is that Aboriginals did not have a way to count beyond two or three. However, Alfred Howitt, who studied the peoples of southeastern Australia, disproved this in the late nineteenth century, although the myth continues in circulation today. The systems below are those of the Wurundjeri (Howitt called them after their language, Woiwurung) and the Wotjoballum. Howitt wrote that it was common among nearly all peoples he encountered in the southeast: "Its occurrence in these tribes suggests that it must have been general over a considerable part of Victoria". As can be seen in the following tables, names for numbers were based on body parts, whose names themselves were metaphorical and often quite poetic: Wotjoballum counting system
Note that both numbers 6 and 8 here appear to be represented by the elbow. Howitt has perhaps misinterpreted the wrist in the translation of 6, since 7 is the forearm. Other languages
In the Yorta Yorta language, iyung=1, bultjubul=2, bultjubul iyung=3, bultjubul bultjubul=4, bultjubul bultjubul iyung=5, bultjubul biyin-n=10 (2 hands)[4] See also
References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 John Harris, Australian Aboriginal and Islander mathematics, Australian Aboriginal Studies, 1987. 2. ^William B. McGregor, (2013). Languages of the Kimberley, Western Australia, Routledge. {{ISBN|9781134396023}} 3. ^Stephanie Fryer-Smith, (2002). Aboriginal Benchbook for Western Australian courts {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131012060901/http://www.aija.org.au/online/ICABenchbook/BenchbookChapter5.pdf |date=2013-10-12 }}, Australian Institute of Judicial Administration Incorporated. {{ISBN|1875527427}} 4. ^'Yorta Yorta Language Heritage Dictionary', Heather Bowe, Lois Peeler,Sharon Atkinson,copyright 1997, Hawker Brownlow Education, 2005. Bibliography
3 : Australian Aboriginal culture|Australian Aboriginal words and phrases|Numerals |
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