| 词条 | Avanos |
| 释义 |
|settlement_type = District |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = {{Flag|Turkey}} |subdivision_type1=Region |subdivision_name1 = Central Anatolia |subdivision_type2=Province |subdivision_name2 = Nevşehir |timezone= EET |utc_offset=+2 |image_map= Nevşehir districts.png |map_caption =Location of Avanos within Nevşehir Province |image_map1 = {{Infobox mapframe|zoom=14}} |map_caption1 =Map of Avanos |timezone_DST=EEST |utc_offset_DST=+3 |official_name = Avanos, Nevşehir, Türkiye |image_skyline = Avanos, Turkey 01.jpg |image_caption = A panorama of Avanos |image_blank_emblem = |blank_emblem_type = | area_footnotes = {{Turkey district areas|SOURCE}} | area_blank1_title = District | area_blank1_km2 = {{Turkey district areas|Nevşehir|Avanos}} | elevation_m = 920 | population_footnotes = {{Turkey district populations|SOURCE|Nevşehir}} | population_urban = {{Turkey district populations|Nevşehir|Avanos|şehir}} | population_as_of = {{Turkey district populations|YEAR}} | population_blank1_title = District | population_blank1 = {{Turkey district populations|Nevşehir|Avanos|toplam}} | population_density_blank1_km2 = auto |pushpin_map =Turkey |coordinates = {{coord|38|43|N|34|51|E|region:TR|display=inline}} |postal_code_type=Postal code |postal_code = 50500 |area_code = 0384 511 |blank_info = 50 |blank_name=Licence plate |blank1_name = Climate |blank1_info = Csb |leader_title = Governor |leader_name = Aylin Kırcı Duman |leader_title1 = Mayor |leader_name1 = İsmet İnce (CHP) |website = www.avanos.gov.tr }} Avanos ({{lang-el|Άβανος}} (f. sg.)) is a town and district of Nevşehir Province in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey, located {{convert|18|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} north of Nevşehir, the capital city of the province. It is situated within the historic and tourist region of Cappadocia. According to 2000 census, population of the district is 35,145 of which 12,288 live in the town of Avanos.[1][2] The district covers an area of {{convert|994|km2|sqmi|0|abbr=on}},[3] and the average elevation is {{convert|920|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}, with the highest point being Mt. İsmail Sivrisi at {{convert|1756|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}. The old city of Avanos, whose name in ancient times was Venessa, overlooks the longest river of Turkey, the Kızılırmak (Red River), which also separates Avanos from the rest of Cappadocia. The most famous historical feature of Avanos, which is still relevant and very visible today, is its production of earthenware pottery; it is also the most economic activity in the town. The ceramic trade in this district and its countless pottery factories date right back to the Hittites, and the ceramic clay from the red silt of the Kızılırmak has always been used. It is a popular destination because of its attractive old town with cobbled streets, and views over the river. ClimateSummers are hot and dry, while winters are cold and wet. Visitor attractions
About {{convert|5|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} from Avanos and {{convert|1|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} from Paşabağları, the site of Zelve was founded on the steep northern slopes of Aktepe. Consisting of three separate valleys, the ruins of Zelve is the area in Cappadocia with the highest concentration of fairy chimneys. Here, they have particularly sharp points and thick trunks. It is not known exactly when people began living in the dwellings carved into the rock, a lifestyle also common to other places in the region such as Uçhisar, Göreme, Cavuşin other than Zelve. What is known is that an important Christian community lived in Zelve and it was the religious center of the area from the 9th to the 13th centuries, and the first religious seminars for priests were held in the vicinity.
This church is located alongside Göreme-Avanos road at a distance of {{convert|2.5|km|mi|1|abbr=on}} leaving from Göreme. The church's narthex is missing. It has tunnel vaults, a high nave and 3 apses. It dates back to 964-965 AD.
It is located in the far left draw of the Güllüdere valley about {{convert|2|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} from the village of Çavuşin. It was founded at the mouth of the draw on top of a steep slope. The design of the nave is square with a flat ceiling and it has a single broad apse. The apse was added in the 9th or 10th century to the main structure dating back to the 6th - 7th century. There are 2 or 3 layers of frescoes in the apse which indicates that it was painted regularly. Symbols of Gospel authors are drawn symmetrically and are sitting on the right and left of an enthroned Jesus. In the middle of the flat ceiling is the relief of a cross in the middle of a circle surrounded with palm leaves and garlands. This sort of relief most likely belongs to the Iconoclastic period. The people of the area had a great love for the cross and it continued to be used as a motif after the Iconoclastic era because it symbolized the "Holy Cross" in Jerusalem.
Located {{convert|14|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} northeast of Avanos, this underground city was built on the northern slopes of Mt. Idis in an area with lots of strata made up of volcanic granite. The extensive galleries of the city are spread out over a large area and connected to each another by tunnels. Unlike the underground cities in Kaymaklı and Derinkuyu, there are very narrow (5 cm) and long holes between the different levels of the city that used to provide communication between the different levels of the city. The ventilation of these neatly carved out rooms was provided by these holes when the city was sealed up against enemies. The city was discovered in 1972 by the local muezzin and farmer Latif Acar, when trying to find out where the water disappeared to when tending to his crops. He first found an underground room which, when later excavated, revealed a whole city which housed an incredible 60,000 people for up to three months. A total of 10 floors were discovered, to a depth 40m, although now only four are open. Unlike the other underground cities in this area, besides the rolling stone doors, there were holes above the tunnels used for dumping hot oil on the enemy. Similar to Kaymaklı and Derinkuyu, Özkonak has a ventilation system, a water well, a winery and rolling stone doors. See also
Notes1. ^Statistical Institute{{dead link|date=December 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.geohive.com/cntry/turkey.aspx?levels=Ic%20Anadolu|title=Statistical information on Turkey's administrative units|accessdate=2008-04-13|author=GeoHive}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.statoids.com/ytr.html|title=Statistical information on districts of Turkey|accessdate=2008-04-13|author=Statoids}} References
External links{{Commons category|Avanos}}
8 : Nevşehir|Towns in Turkey|Cappadocia|History of Nevşehir|Populated places in Nevşehir Province|Districts of Nevşehir Province|Byzantine church buildings in Turkey|Avanos |
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