| 词条 | Avro Andover | |||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Avro Andover was a 1920s British military transport aircraft built by Avro for the Royal Air Force. Four aircraft were built, in two versions. Three aircraft, the Type 561, were used as flying ambulances. The sole example of the Type 563 was used as a 12-seater transport. DesignAt the beginning of the 1920s the Royal Air Force required a successor for the outdated Airco DH.10 on the Cairo to Baghdad "Desert Air Route". In response Avro designed and constructed the Avro Andover, a single-engined biplane designed to serve as a passenger plane and also as an air ambulance. The fuselage was a steel tube frame covered with canvas and plywood. While the fuselage was a completely new design, the wings, undercarriage and the tail unit were taken from the Avro Aldershot bomber. The pilot and navigator sat in an open cockpit directly under the leading edge of the upper wing; a passageway led from the cockpit to the passenger cabin. The aircraft held twelve passengers (six on each side of the centre aisle) or six stretchers. The most obvious characteristics of the Andover were the two large fuel tanks on the upper wings and the dual exhaust pipes of the Rolls-Royce Condor III engine. OperationsThe first flight of the Andover was on 28 June 1924.{{Citation needed|date=November 2008}} Because the "Desert Air Route" was transferred to Imperial Airways, no order was placed by the RAF, so Avro manufactured only three Type 561, which were transferred to RAF Halton, location of Princess Mary's RAF Hospital. In spite of the lack of commercial success, a single Type 563 variant was developed by Avro, which had an additional washroom and a baggage compartment. After test flights in March 1925 in Hamble and Gosport, this passenger aircraft was lent to Imperial Airways and made cross-channel trial flights in the summer of 1925. This was the first Avro aircraft to be used in airline service. Imperial Airways returned the aircraft to the RAF in January 1927. Operators
Specifications (Type 561){{aircraft specifications|plane or copter?=plane |jet or prop?=prop |ref= Avro Aircraft since 1908 [1] |crew=two, pilot and navigator |capacity=12 passengers or 6 stretchers |payload main= |payload alt= |length main= 51 ft 3 in |length alt= 15.62 m |span main= 68 ft |span alt= 20.73 m |height main= 15 ft 3 in |height alt= 4.65 m |area main= 1,062 ft² |area alt= 98.70 m² |airfoil= |empty weight main= 6,980 lb |empty weight alt= 3,166 kg |loaded weight main= 11,500 lb |loaded weight alt= 5,216 kg |useful load main= |useful load alt= |max takeoff weight main= |max takeoff weight alt= |more general= |engine (prop)= Rolls-Royce Condor III |type of prop= |number of props=1 |power main= 659 hp |power alt= 485 kW |power original= |max speed main= 110 mph |max speed alt= 177 km/h |cruise speed main= |cruise speed alt= |stall speed main= |stall speed alt= |never exceed speed main= |never exceed speed alt= |range main= 460 mi |range alt= 740 km |ceiling main= 13,500 ft |ceiling alt= 4,115 m |climb rate main= |climb rate alt= |loading main= |loading alt= |thrust/weight= |power/mass main= |power/mass alt= |more performance= |armament= |avionics= }} References1. ^Jackson 1990, p.220.
External links{{commons category|Avro Andover}}
4 : British military transport aircraft 1920–1929|Avro aircraft|Single-engined tractor aircraft|Biplanes |
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