| 词条 | Ayubia National Park | ||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Ayubia National Park {{Nastaliq|ایوبیہ ملی باغ}} | iucn_category = V | photo = Ayubia Picture22.jpg | photo_caption = A view of Ayubia's pine forests | map = Pakistan | map_image = | map_size = | map_caption = Ayubia National Park is located in west Himalayas, north of Muree and south of Nathiagali | relief = 1 | location = Abbotabad, Himalayas, KPK, Pakistan | nearest_city = | nearest_town = | coordinates = {{coord|33|51|54.83|N|73|8|19.57|E|display=inline,title}} | coords_ref = | length = | length_mi = | length_km = | width = | width_mi = | width_km = | area_km2 = 33.12 | area_ref = | elevation = {{convert|8000|ft|m|abbr=on}} | elevation_avg = | elevation_min = | elevation_max = | dimensions = | designation = | authorized = | created = | designated = | established = 1984 | named_for = | visitation_num = 250000 | visitation_year = | visitation_ref = | governing_body = Wildlife and Parks Department, Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa | administrator = | operator = | owner = | website = | embedded = }}Ayubia National Park ({{lang-ur|{{Nastaliq|ایوبیہ ملی باغ}}}}), also known as Ayubia ({{lang-ur|{{Nastaliq|ایوبیہ}}}}), is a protected area of {{convert|3312|ha|km2|0}}[1] located in Abbottabad District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan. It was declared a national park in 1984.[2] Ayubia was named after Muhammad Ayub Khan (1958–1969), second President of Pakistan. The area supports temperate coniferous forest and temperate broadleaf and mixed forest ecoregion habitats, with an average elevation of {{convert|8000|ft|m}} above the sea level.[3] Ayubia National Park is surrounded by seven major villages and three small towns of Thandiani, Nathiagali and Khanspur.[4] The park has been developed as a resort complex from a combination of four mini resorts of Khaira Gali, Changla Gali, Khanspur and Ghora Dhaka in Galyat.[5] Currently, it is managed by the Wildlife and Parks Department of Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. HistoryAyubia National Park was established in 1984 in an east corner of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. In 1998 it was expanded form its original size of {{convert|1684|ha|acre|0}} or {{convert|16.84|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} to {{convert|3312|ha|acre|0}}. Since then it has been managed by the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Wildlife Department. The purpose of establishing it was to conserve the temperate forests. Originally, the park stood at an area of {{convert|857|acre|km2}}, but in 1998 it was expanded to cover an area of {{convert|1685|acre|km2}}. The total population of Ayubia and surrounding villages as per a 1996 census is 18,097 people living in 2,311 households. ClimateThe climate of the park is cold in the summers, but harsh in the winters. While it remains only placidly hot in May and June, the cold sets in when the monsoons come to lash in late July and early August. In the winters cold increases in severity gradually until the west winds bring rains, which eventually turn into snow. The park remains snow-capped through the later part of winters.
WildlifeThe park holds 104 species of plants. The main floral species are Cedrus deodara, blue pine, yew, silver fir, horse chestnut and oak. Around 21 plants belonging to 19 families are known for their medicinal properties. Many of these are used in treatment of jaundice, stomach ulcers, snake bites, internal infections, diabetes, psoriasis and more. Some plants are said to have anti-carcinogenic effect as well. Also, some are used as biological insecticides and pesticides, mostly due to their insect-repellent nature. The World Wide Fund for Nature has launched an ethno-botanical initiative here "to demonstrate the sustainable use of plant resources as a means for protecting biodiversity." The park harbors up to 203 species of birds. Many species of birds, including the golden eagle, the vulture, Eurasian sparrowhawk and the hill pigeon among others can be found here. It is also home to some of the rarer Himalayan pheasant species like the kalij and koklass pheasants. Ayubia National Park supports 31 species of mammals such as the Asiatic leopard, hill fox and flying squirrel. Among reptiles and amphibians, Kashmir Rock Agama, Striped Grass Skink and Himalayan Pit Viper can also be encountered here. ManagementThe park has been managed by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Wildlife Department under the 1975 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Wildlife Act. The headquarters of the park is at Dunga Gali, which is situated at a distance of 50 km from Abbottabad and 25 km from Murree. TourismStanding at some 26 kilometers from the tourist hotbed of Murree Hill Station, over 100,000 tourists flock to Ayubia National Park and the places around every year. It is well known for its picnic spots. This National Park also features the "Pipeline Walking Track" that runs from Ayubia to Nathiagali and is 4 kilometers in length. Since there are 7 villages and 4 major towns around it, and since this area attracts a very large number of tourists annually, there is a large number of hotels and restaurants around the park. In addition to riding trails, hiking places, picnic spots and motels, there is a chairlift in Ayubia that takes the tourists to a nearby summit called Mukeshpuri for a view of the forested hills. This chairlift was the first recreation facility of its kind in Pakistan and is still a major attraction for domestic tourists. The famous PTDC motel is located here. GallerySee also
References1. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.parc.gov.pk/CountryReport.pdf |title=Country Report on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture - Pakistan |publisher=Pakistan Agricultural Research Council |work=parc.gov.pk |accessdate=September 8, 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120118054012/http://www.parc.gov.pk/CountryReport.pdf |archivedate=January 18, 2012 |df= }} 2. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.wildlifeofpakistan.com/ProtectedAreasofPakistan/Ayubia_NP.htm |title=Ayubia National Park |year=2002 |work=wildlifeofpakistan.com |accessdate= September 14, 2010| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20100831173607/http://www.wildlifeofpakistan.com/ProtectedAreasofPakistan/Ayubia_NP.htm| archivedate= 31 August 2010 | deadurl= no}} 3. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.tourism.gov.pk/ayubia_national_park.html |title=Ayubia National Park |work=tourism.gov.pk |accessdate= September 15, 2010|publisher=Tourism, Government of Pakistan}} 4. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.nathiagali.com/AyubiaPark.htm |title=Ayubia National Park |work=nathiagali.com |accessdate=September 15, 2010 |publisher=Nathiagali |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090804133245/http://www.nathiagali.com/AyubiaPark.htm |archivedate=August 4, 2009 |df= }} 5. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://wwf.panda.org/who_we_are/wwf_offices/pakistan/index.cfm?uProjectID=PK0115 |title= Improving Sub-Watershed Management and Environmental Awareness in the Ayubia National Park |work=wwf.panda.org |publisher= WWF - Pakistan|date= July 14, 2010|accessdate=September 15, 2010|first=Ibrahim|last=Khan| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20100901184441/http://wwf.panda.org/who_we_are/wwf_offices/pakistan/index.cfm?uProjectID=PK0115| archivedate= 1 September 2010 | deadurl= no}} 6. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.world-wildlife-adventures.com/directory/pakistan/wildlife-park.asp?sanctuary=Ayubia+National+Park&state=Punjab |title=Ayubia National Park |work=world-wildlife-adventures.com |publisher=World Wildlife Adventures |accessdate=September 15, 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101223161450/http://www.world-wildlife-adventures.com/directory/pakistan/wildlife-park.asp?sanctuary=Ayubia+National+Park&state=Punjab |archivedate=December 23, 2010 |df= }}
}} External links{{Commons category|Ayubia National Park}}{{Wikivoyage}}
5 : National parks of Pakistan|Abbottabad District|Protected areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa|Protected areas established in 1984|Parks in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa |
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