| 词条 | Bacopa |
| 释义 |
|image =Starr 070815-8055 Bacopa monnieri.jpg |image_caption = Bacopa monnieri |taxon = Bacopa |authority = Aubl.[1] |subdivision_ranks = Species |subdivision = See text |synonyms =Brami Adans. Bramia Lam. Herpestis Gaertn. Macuillamia Raf. Moniera P.Browne Monocardia Pennell }} Bacopa is a genus of 70–100 aquatic plants belonging to the family Plantaginaceae. It is commonly known as waterhyssop (or water hyssop, though this is more misleading as Bacopa is not very closely related to hyssop but simply has a somewhat similar appearance). DescriptionThey are annual or perennial, with decumbent or erect stems. The leaves are opposite or whorled, and sessile. The leaf blade is regular, round to linear, and the venation is palmate or pinnate. Its stems are hairy or smooth. The flowers are produced solitary or in pairs from leaf axils, usually radially symmetrical, with five sepals and five petals, and they are usually white, blue, or purple. Dispersal and propagation is by seeds and stem fragments. Crushed leaves have a distinctive 'lemon' scent. Habitat and rangeBacopa species are found in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, particularly the Americas. A few are regarded as weeds and excess stock should not be dumped in warmer regions. Most grow in moist amphibious conditions, though some like B. myriophylloides seem to be wholly aquatic. UsesBacopa monnieri, syn. Herpestis monniera, is important in Ayurvedic medicine and has been used, particularly in India, for several thousand years in the belief that it helps mental functioning, including comprehension (dhi), memory (dhriti), and recollection (smriti).[2]CultivationSome of these species are commonly used in freshwater aquariums and around and in ponds in warmer climates. Most are easy to grow and are slow-growing, but require medium to high amounts of light. Most are easy to grow and will tolerate a wide range of water conditions. B. caroliniana at least will tolerate brackish water. Plants are usually best planted in groups in the middle to background. Algal infestation can be a problem in brighter lighting condition.[3] Selected speciesFormerly placed here
See also
References{{Commons category|Bacopa}}{{Wikispecies}}1. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?1218 |title=Genus: Bacopa Aubl. |work=Germplasm Resources Information Network |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture |date=2007-10-05 |accessdate=2011-01-18}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q1409203}}2. ^{{cite web|title=Bacopa Moniera |url=http://www.amrutaherbals.com/specifications/Bacopa/detail.htm |accessdate=7 December 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426195211/http://www.amrutaherbals.com/specifications/Bacopa/detail.htm |archivedate=26 April 2012 |df=dmy }} 3. ^{{cite web | last=Native Plants Hawaii | title=Bacopa monnieri | url=http://nativeplants.hawaii.edu/plant/view/Bacopa_monnieri | accessdate = 19 July 2012}} 4. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/splist.pl?1218 |title=GRIN Species Records of Bacopa |work=Germplasm Resources Information Network |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture |accessdate=2011-01-18}} 5. ^1 {{ITIS |id=33037 |taxon=Bacopa |accessdate=2011-01-18}} 5 : Plantaginaceae|Plantaginaceae genera|Plants used in Ayurveda|Freshwater plants|Pantropical flora |
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