| 词条 | Balša III |
| 释义 |
| name = Balša III Stracimirović | title = Lord of Zeta and the Coast | titletext = | more = | image = Coat of arms Balsic family XIV.svg | image_size = 150px | alt = | caption = Coat of arms | succession = | moretext = | reign = April 1403 – 28 April 1421 | coronation = | cor-type = | predecessor = Đurađ II | regent = | reg-type = | successor = Stefan Lazarević | succession1 = | moretext1 = | reign1 = | reign-type1 = | coronation1 = | cor-type1 = | predecessor1 = | pre-type1 = | regent1 = | reg-type1 = | successor1 = | suc-type1 = | succession2 = | moretext2 = | reign2 = | reign-type2 = | coronation2 = | cor-type2 = | predecessor2 = | pre-type2 = | regent2 = | reg-type2 = | successor2 = | suc-type2 = | succession3 = | moretext3 = | reign3 = | reign-type3 = | coronation3 = | cor-type3 = | predecessor3 = | pre-type3 = | regent3 = | reg-type3 = | successor3 = | suc-type3 = | spouse = {{Plainlist |
}} | consort = | issue = | issue-link = | issue-pipe = | full name = | era name = | era dates = | posthumous name = | temple name = | house = Balšić | father = Đurađ II | mother = Jelena | birth_date = 1387 | birth_place = | death_date = 28 April 1421 | death_place = Belgrade, Serbian Despotate | burial_date = | burial_place = | occupation = | signature = Grb sa barskog novca Balše III.png | religion = Serbian Orthodox }} Balša Stracimirović (last name is sometimes Balšić or Đurđević) or Balša III (1387 – 28 April 1421, Belgrade) was the fifth and last ruler of Zeta from the Balšić noble family, from April 1403 to April 1421. He was the son of Đurađ II and Jelena Lazarević. ReignIn April 1403, the seventeen-year-old Balša became the ruler of Zeta when his father Đurađ II died as a result of the injuries he had suffered at the Battle of Tripolje. As he was young and inexperienced, his main advisor was his mother, Jelena, a sister of the ruler of Serbia at the time, Stefan Lazarević. Under the influence of his mother, Balša reverted the order of the state religion, passing a law declaring Orthodox Christianity as the official confession of the state, while Catholicism became a tolerant confession. Balša waged a 10-year war against Venice, the First Scutari War. In 1405, Ulcinj, Bar and Budva were seized by the Venetians. Balša then became a vassal to the Ottoman Turks. In 1409, however, Venice had purchased the rights to Dalmatia from King Ladislaus of Naples and began fighting for control of Dalmatian cities. After a huge effort, Balša seized Bar from the Venetians in 1412. Venice, pressed with difficulties, had no choice but to agree to return territories it had previously seized.{{sfn|Ćirković|2004|p=92}} In 1413 he built a church dedicated to Saint Nicholas in Praskvica Monastery.[1] According to a chapter Balša issued in 1417 he was probably a ktitor of the Moračnik Monastery.[2] Balša had waged a new war against Venice, which was connected to the war with the Hungarians and the Turks. In 1418, he conquered Shkodër from the Venetians, but lost Budva and Luštica with its salt works. In the next year, 1419, he made an unsuccessful attempt to recapture Budva. He went to Belgrade to ask for aid from Stefan Lazarević, but never returned to Zeta. In 1421, before his death and under the influence of his mother, he passed the rule of Zeta to his uncle, Despot Stefan Lazarević. Marriage and issueIn 1407 Balša III married Mara, a daughter of Niketa Thopia. In his second marriage, Balša III married Bolja, a daughter of Koja Zaharia, in 1412 or at the beginning of 1413.[3] They had two daughters, Jelena (named after Balša's mother) and Teodora. Jelena married Stjepan Vukčić Kosača and was mother of Queen Catherine of Bosnia and Vladislav Hercegović.[4] In 1415 Balša's only son and the only male descendant of the Balša family died.[5] Ancestors{{ahnentafel|collapsed=yes |align=center |boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc; |boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9; |boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc; |boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc; |boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe; |1= 1. Balša III |2= 2. Đurađ II |3= 3. Jelena Lazarević |4= 4. Stracimir |5= 5. Milica Mrnjavčević |6= 6. Lazar Hrebeljanović |7= 7. Milica Nemanjić |8= 8. Balša I |10= 10. Vukašin Mrnjavčević |11= 11. Jelena |12= 12. Pribac Hrebeljanović |14= 14. Vratko Nemanjić |20= 20. Mrnjava |28= 28. Vratislav Nemanjić }} References1. ^{{cite book|author=Pavle S. Radusinović|title=Stanovništvo Crne Gore do 1945. godine: opšta istorijsko-geografska i demografska razmatranja|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c5UOAQAAIAAJ|accessdate=13 June 2013|year=1978|publisher=Srpska akademija nauka i umetnosti|page=42|quote=манастир Прасквица (св. Николе, коју је подигао 1413. године Балша III)}} 2. ^{{cite book|author=MobileReference|title=Travel Montenegro: Illustrated Guide, Phrasebook and Maps|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uTP_Wceaoa8C&pg=PT390|accessdate=27 July 2013|publisher=MobileReference|isbn=978-1-61198-237-4|page=390|quote="Moracnik Monastery" is located on the island of Moracnik on Skadar Lake. It was first mentioned in 1417, in the Charter of Balsa III. The monastery complex consists of a church dedicated to the Holy Mother of God, an accommodation building}} 3. ^Albanološki institut u Prištini 1968 [https://books.google.com/books?id=2ZniAAAAMAAJ&q=bosa+bolja p. 125]: "Poznato je takođe da se Balša III krajem 1412 ili početkom 1413 godine oženio u drugom braku ćerkom Koe Zaharije" 4. ^{{cite book|last=Ekmečić|first=Milorad |authorlink=Milorad Ekmečić|title=Zbornik za istoriju Bosne i Hercegovine|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u2o9AAAAMAAJ|accessdate=18 January 2013|year=1997|publisher=Serbian Academy of Science and Arts, board for history of Bosnia and Herzegovina|page=75|quote=Послије смрти зетског великаша Балше III иза њега није остало мушких потомака, већ само двије кћери: Јелена и Теодора које су живјеле под надзором Балшине мајке Јелене}} 5. ^{{harvnb|Spremić|2004|pp=73–108}}{{quote| ускоро је дочекао велику несрећу: 1415. умро му је син јединац. Тако је Јелена сахранила унука, а династија Балшића остала је без мушког наследника)}} Sources{{refbegin}}
6 : 1387 births|1421 deaths|15th-century Serbian nobility|People of the Serbian Despotate|Balšić noble family|Lords of Zeta |
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