“Banyuls-sur-Mer”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Banyuls-sur-Mer

释义

Geography
Location Neighbouring communes
Toponymy
History
Government and politics
Mayors International relations
Demography
Sports
Economy
Sites of interest
Notable people
See also
References
External links

{{Infobox French commune
|name = Banyuls-sur-Mer
|commune status = Commune
|image = Banyuls sur mer 6.jpg
|caption = A general view of Banyuls-sur-Mer
|image coat of arms = Blason ville fr Banyuls-sur-Mer (Pyrénées-Orientales).svg
|region = Languedoc-Roussillon
|department = Pyrénées-Orientales
|arrondissement = Céret
|canton = La Côte Vermeille
|INSEE = 66016
|postal code = 66650
|mayor = Jean-Michel Solé
|term = 2014-2020
|intercommunality = Communauté de communes des Albères et de la Côte Vermeille
|coordinates = {{coord|42.4831|3.1281|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
|elevation m = 6
|elevation min m = 0
|elevation max m = 965
|area km2 = 42.34
|population = 4767
|population date = 2014
}}

Banyuls-sur-Mer ({{Lang-ca|Banyuls de la Marenda}}) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Orientales department in southern France. It was first settled by Greeks starting in 400 BCE.

Geography

Location

Banyuls-sur-Mer is located in the canton of La Côte Vermeille and in the arrondissement of Céret.

Banyuls-sur-Mer is neighbored by Cerbère, Port-Vendres, Argelès-sur-Mer and Collioure on its French borders, and by Espolla, Rabós, Colera and Portbou on its Spanish borders. The foothills of Pyrenees, the Monts Albères, run into the Mediterranean Sea in Banyuls-sur-Mer, creating a steep cliff line.

Neighbouring communes

{{Geographic location|noicon=yes|width=auto
|title =
|Northwest = Collioure
|North = Port-Vendres
|Northeast =
|West = Argelès-sur-Mer
|Center = Banyuls-sur-Mer
|East = Mediterranean Sea
|Southwest = Espolla, Rabós
(Spain)
|South = Colera, Portbou
(Spain)
|Southeast = Cerbère
}}

Toponymy

Banyuls-sur-Mer was first mentioned in 981 as Balneum or Balneola. In 1074, the town started being called Bannils de Maritimo in order to distinguish it from Banyuls-dels-Aspres, which lies {{convert|20|km|mi|abbr=on}} away. In 1197, the town was mentioned as Banullis de Maredine and in 1674. In Catalan, it has been called Banyuls de la Marenda since the 19th century.

The name Banyuls indicates the presence of a pond. In fact, a pond did exist in Banyuls-sur-Mer until the creek Vallauria was drained in 1872. The term Marenda in Catalan or sur Mer in French merely indicates the proximity to the coast.

History

Government and politics

Mayors

Mayor	Term start	Term end
René Ribère	1977	1983
Jean Rède	1983	1995
Pierre Becque	1995	2001
Roger Rulls	2001	2008
Jean Rède	2008	2014
Jean-Michel Solé	2014

International relations

Banyuls-sur-Mer is twinned with a small town called Settle, which is in North Yorkshire, United Kingdom and also with the town of Kralupy nad Vltavou located in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic.

Demography

{{Historical populations
|align=left
|1836|2022
|1901|3111
|1962|4271
|1968|4436
|1975|4000
|1982|4093
|1990|4662
|1999|4532
|2006|4632
|2009|4686
}}{{clr}}

Sports

Banyuls-sur-Mer is at the eastern end of the GR 10 long-distance footpath.^[1]
Banyuls is a centre for scuba diving. The main dive site of the area is the marine reserve at Cap Rederis. Local dive schools offer excellent facilities.
Sea kayaking is also available here.

Economy

For nearly two centuries, the smuggling of goods to and from Spain was a major activity in Banyuls-sur-Mer. Depending on the needs of the time, salt, tobacco, silver, sugar, rice, textiles, and leather were smuggled through this city, almost always with impunity. Otherwise the inhabitants lived mainly from fishing and viticulture. Nowadays, tourism stemming from the wine industry plays a significant economic role in the town, notably for delicious and rare red dessert wines. Under the Collioure appellation, the town is also a centre of quality dry reds, rosés and whites, with a number of producers of naturally sweet wines.

George Orwell and his wife Eileen had a holiday in Banyuls-sur-Mer directly after leaving Spain, then in the throes of its civil war, in July 1937. Their holiday was not a success. As he noted, Orwell found the place 'a bore and a disappointment'. It was chilly weather, a persistent wind blew off the sea, the water was dull and choppy....^[2]

Sites of interest

Notable people

Aristide Maillol (1861-1944), French sculptor and painter, born and died in Banyuls-sur-Mer. Maillol was very much part of the turn of the century art scene, friends with Matisse, Derrain, Picasso, Dali. A sculpture of Dina Vierny, aged 17, his last muse, model, and member of the French Resistance, stands beneath the huge jacaranda tree behind the town hall.^[3]
Emil Racovita (1868-1947), Romanian polar explorer, former co-director of the Arago laboratory.
Jean de La Hire (1878-1956), writer born in Banyuls-sur-Mer.
Marc Eyraud (1924-2005), actor, died in Banyuls-sur-Mer.

References

INSEE commune file

1. ^{{Cite web|url=http://anglophone-direct.com/banyuls-sur-mer/|title=Banyuls-sur-Mer|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}
2. ^{{cite book |location=New York, NY |publisher=HarperCollins |year=1991 |edition=First |title=ORWELL : : THE AUTHORIZED BIOGRAPHY |last=Shelden |authorlink=Michael Shelden |first=Michael |page=277 |accessdate=2014-08-18 |url=https://books.google.com/books?ei=64HyU6P_BNTKsQTfvoHwCw&id=tDkzAAAAMAAJ&dq=michael+shelden+george+orwell+Spilling+the+Spanish+Beans&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=+New+Statesman+}}
3. ^{{Cite web|url=http://anglophone-direct.com/banyuls-sur-mer/|title=Banyuls-sur-Mer|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}

External links

Official website

3 : Communes of Pyrénées-Orientales|Northern Catalonia|Banyuls-sur-Mer

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