| 词条 | Barrow Bridge |
| 释义 |
| name = Barrow Bridge | native_name = | native_name_lang = | image = File:Barrow Railway Bridge-geograph.org.uk-2725314.jpg | image_upright = | alt = A boat passing through the opening of Barrow Bridge with 3 tug boats helping | caption = A photo of Barrow Bridge open with a boat passing through. | coordinates = {{coord|52.413630|-6.946583|display=inline,title}} | os_grid_reference = | carries = Trains | crosses = River Barrow | locale = County Kilkenny and County Wexford | official_name = | other_name = Barrow Viaduct Barrow Railway Bridge | named_for = | owner = | maint = Iarnród Éireann | heritage = | id = | id_type = | website = | preceded = | followed = | design = pratt truss | material = steel | material1 = | material2 = | length = {{convert|2131|ft|m|abbr=on}} | width = | height = | depth = | traversable = | towpath = | mainspan = | number_spans = | piers_in_water = | load = | clearance_above = | clearance_below = {{convert|26|ft|m|abbr=on}} | life = | architect = Sir Benjamin Baker | designer = | contracted_designer = | winner = | engineering = | builder = Sir William Arrol | fabricator = Sir William Arrol and Co. | begin = 1902 | complete = 1906 | cost = | open = 1906[1] | inaugurated = | closed = 2010[2] | replaces = 1887 viaduct | replaced_by = | traffic = | map_type = Ireland | map_relief = yes | map_dot_label = | map_image = | map_size = | map_alt = | map_caption = Location in Ireland }} Barrow rail bridge, (or the Barrow viaduct), is a pratt truss[3] type of railway bridge that spans the river Barrow between County Kilkenny and County Wexford in the south east of Ireland. This rural landmark[1] with a length of {{convert|2131|ft|m|abbr=on}} is the longest bridge on the river.[5] It was second longest bridge in Ireland[5] and the third longest rail bridge in the British Isles.[5] Designed by Sir Benjamin Baker and built by the firm of Sir William Arrol. It is known locally as Barrow bridge. Part of a development to improve cross-channel passenger services.[5][11] Incorporating an 1887 viaduct, the steel truss single track bridge was built between 1902 and 1906 by English and Irish railway companies, it operated passenger services between Rosslare Harbour and Waterford until 2010. It is maintained by Iarnród Éireann, the Irish rail operator.[11] This bridge is one of six rail bridges of 45 bridges on the Barrow.[5] It spans the river just upstream from its confluence with another of the three sisters the River Suir. Close to Great Island Power Station near Cheekpoint. It is the last bridge on the river Barrow and opens approximately twice daily to permit shipping and yachts to pass upstream to New Ross.{{citation needed|date=May 2017}} HistoryIt is an important element of the early twentieth-century transport heritage of Kilkenny and Wexford.[1] Part of the development of the Dublin, Wicklow and Wexford Railway.[1][16][11] Built as a joint venture between the "Fishguard and Rosslare Railways & Harbors Company (FRR + H Co)" and the Great Southern and Western and Great Western. To improve cross-channel passenger services the Rosslare Strand to Waterford.[5][11] After the Tay Bridge and Forth Bridge it was the third longest rail bridge in Britain and Ireland..[5] The New Ross branch had opened in 1887 and in 1904 it was extended from New Ross to Waterford, this allowed connection with the Great Southern and Great Western and the south of Ireland. It carried the railway from Waterford to Wexford and on to Rosslare Harbour. The line followed the left bank of the river Suir over its course through County Kilkenny. This route contains four bridges, the Barrow Viaduct and three single span over minor streams.[3] The line was built from 1902 and the bridge was reopened by 1906.[1][11] DesignThis elegant and pragmatic bridge represents is striking rural landmark on the River Barrow.[1] Designed by the consulting engineer to the Rosslare & Waterford Railway,[27] Sir Benjamin Baker. Baker had been responsible, with Sir John Fowler, for the design of the Forth Rail Bridge,[27] and had designed the Keady viaduct and Tassagh viaduct.[27] An 1887 viaduct built to designs prepared by Dixon (fl. 1887) and Alfred Thorne (fl. 1887-96)[1] was incorporated the fabric of the 1906 railway bridge.[1] The steel bridge was supplied and built by the building contractor Sir William Arrol Sir William Arrol and Co.. The Glaswegian firm were engineers and bridge builders, of Dalmarnock, Scotland.[34] Arrol had also worked on the Forth Rail Bridge. A rural landmark on the Barrow[1] it is of identical design to the Suir Viaduct.[3] The track used 87lb bullhead rail. The timber sleepers were "laid in 45-foot lengths".[11] The signalling system was Electric Train Staff (ETS) with lower quadrant semaphore signals.[11] This single track was the longest railway bridge in Ireland at a length of {{convert|2131|ft|m|abbr=on}}. DescriptionThis bridge one of six rail bridges crossing the Barrow and is one of 45 bridges on the river.[5] The single track steel railway bridge incorporated an earlier 1887 viaduct.[1] On the rail line there is a short tunnel on the Kilkenny side and a tunnel of {{convert|217|yd|m|abbr=on}} on the Wexford side. It stands {{convert|26|ft|m|abbr=on}} above the high water mark, Each of its 13 main spans of {{convert|148|ft|m|abbr=on}} are supported on twin cast iron piers.[3] The two central spans are pivoted to allow boats to pass through,[3] this is a swiveling single drum pier of {{convert|215|ft|m|abbr=on}}, and the end spans are {{convert|144|ft|m|abbr=on}}.[1] The utilitarian bridge[1] has lattice parapets incorporating steel coping[1] with minimal superfluous ornamentation.[1] In 2014 it was listed by An Taisce in its "Buildings at Risk Register".[2] An Taisce records "The structure does not appear to be maintained and there are obvious signs of deterioration." and that "a conservation management plan should be applied to it, to help preserve our rail heritage".[2] See also
ReferencesFootnotes1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 ({{Harvnb|NIAH|loc=Barrow Railway Viaduct, County Kilkenny Reg. No. 12403708.}}) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 ({{Harvnb|Duffy|2007| pp=41,43,150}}) 3. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|title=Buildings at Risk Register|url=http://www.antaisce.org/sites/antaisce.org/files/23312132.pdf|publisher=An Taisce|date=2014|p=59}} 4. ^1 ({{Harvnb|Rowan|2012| p=|loc=ARROL, WILLIAM (SIR) & CO.}}) 5. ^1 2 3 ({{Harvnb|Rowan|2012| p=|loc=BAKER, BENJAMIN (SIR)}}) 6. ^1 ({{Harvnb|Rowan|2012| p=|loc=CO. WATERFORD, VIADUCT OVER RIVER BARROW}}) 7. ^1 2 3 4 5 ({{Harvnb|Hamond|1990|p=80}}) 8. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite web|title=ASSET MANAGEMENT OF THE BELLVIEW – ROSSLARE STRAND LINE AFTER SERVICE WITHDRAWAL|url=https://www.nationaltransport.ie/downloads/asset_management_of_the_bellview-rosslare_strand_line.pdf|website=nationaltransport.ie|publisher=Iarnrod Eireann}} }} Sources{{Refbegin}}
|last1=Duffy|first1=John |title=Barrow bridges and related aspects|date=2007|publisher=John Duffy|location=Tullow, County Carlow |isbn=9780955418419|ref=harv}}
| last = Hamond | first = Fred | title = Industrial Archaeological Survey of Kilkenny | language = English | year = 1990 | publisher = Kilkenny County Council | location = Ireland | url = http://www.kilkennycoco.ie/eng/Services/Heritage/Kilkenny-Ind-Arch-Survey.pdf | ref = harv }}.
| author = NIAH | title = National Inventory of Architectural Heritage Building Survey | language = English | year = | publisher = Archaeological Survey of Ireland, National Monuments Service | location = Ireland | oclc = | url =http://www.buildingsofireland.ie/Surveys/ }}.
| last = Rowan | first = Ann Martha | title = Dictionary of Irish Architects : 1720 - 1940 | language = English | year = 2012 | publisher = Irish Architectural Archive | location = Dublin | oclc = 820381559 | url=http://www.dia.ie/ }}. Further reading
|last1=Duffy|first1=John |title=Barrow bridges and related aspects|date=2007|publisher=John Duffy|location=Tullow, County Carlow |isbn=9780955418419|ref=harv}}{{Refend}} External links
3 : Railway bridges in the Republic of Ireland|Buildings and structures in County Wexford|Bridges in County Kilkenny |
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