“Barrowfield”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Barrowfield is a neighbourhood of Glasgow, Scotland, close to Celtic Park, home of Celtic F.C., which lies immediately to the east. It is bounded by the A89 road (Gallowgate) to the north and the A74 (London Road) to the south.

History

Being an area of working class housing enclosed by main roads and railway lines, Barrowfield consequently developed a distinctive character. The original 1930s council housing scheme flats (built to accommodate those cleared from Glasgow's 19th century slums in nearby areas such as Camlachie) became increasingly hard to let and were demolished in the 1990s to make way for more appealing houses.^[1]

In the 1950s the area changed from a normal working class suburb like most other areas of the city to being a place renowned for its gangs, namely "The Torch" and "The Spur".^[2]^[3] Each terrorised the other's patch, and the area was so violent that the fighting stopped only in the 1980s, because the gang leaders realised that dealing in drugs was more profitable.^[4] Unfortunately for the community, this meant the scheme had hundreds of drug abusers from all over Glasgow coming to the area to buy their "gear". Barrowfield therefore has a high mortality rate amongst the youth, largely due to drug abuse and suicide. More recently, the area has undergone a massive revamp, but the drug problem still exists in high proportions and crime is still high.^[5]

Footballer James McArthur^[6] and actor Paul Brannigan^[7] grew up in Barrowfield in the 1990s.

Sport

A historic football stadium, Barrowfield Park, was the home ground of Clyde F.C. between 1877 and 1898 prior to their move to Shawfield Stadium, and also hosted matches for Eastern F.C. and Albatross. However the ground was actually located in the Dalmarnock district of the city, taking its name from the historic Barrowfield estate which once occupied much of the surrounding area.^[8]^[9]^[10]

For many years, Celtic F.C. conducted most of their training routines at a facility named Barrowfield,^[11] but its site to the east of Celtic Park is also not within the boundaries of the present-day Barrowfield residential area which lies to the west of the stadium. The source of the double naming stems from Junior club Bridgeton Waverley who played at a ground on the western site (contiguous with their home Bridgeton district)^[12]^[13] until the 1930s, when that land was bought over for construction of the Barrowfield housing scheme; the Nelson Recreation Ground a few blocks away was also demolished in the redevelopment.

Waverley moved to the eastern site (part of Westthorn Park) and named their new ground 'New Barrowfield'.^[14]^[15] Celtic later took over the site as their training ground and it became well known by the Barrowfield name.^[16] Today there are still football pitches on the land as well as a large Celtic social club, although the professional team moved out to modern facilities outside the city in Lennoxtown in 2007.^[17]

After the 2014 Commonwealth Games was held in Glasgow, Barrowfield now has international-class sporting facilities within walking distance: the Commonwealth Arena and Sir Chris Hoy Velodrome are located in nearby Dalmarnock. The Crownpoint Sports Complex, a modern outdoor athletics track, is also nearby adjacent to St Mungo's Academy.^[18]

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.theglasgowstory.com/image/?inum=TGSA00777|title=Barrowfield Housing|publisher=The Glasgow Story|date=|accessdate=30 September 2017}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.senscot.net/view_art.php?viewid=8822|title=‘I don’t see how this area can be the most deprived in Scotland’|publisher=SenScot|date=20 October 2009|accessdate=30 September 2017}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.scotsman.com/lifestyle/on-a-razor-s-edge-neds-portrays-70s-glasgow-in-one-light-but-what-was-it-really-like-1-1497343|title=On a razor's edge: Neds portrays 70s Glasgow in one light, but what was it really like?|publisher=The Scotsman|date=18 January 2011|accessdate=30 September 2017}}
4. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.scotsman.com/news/petrol-bomb-pensioner-shows-old-gang-hatreds-die-hard-1-1072606|title=Janey Godley: Petrol bomb pensioner shows old gang hatreds die hard|publisher=The Scotsman|date=6 January 2008|accessdate=30 September 2017}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/news/scottish-news/two-hospital-after-shocked-glasgow-7458170|title=Two in hospital after shocked Glasgow residents watched men attack each other with knives and a hammer|publisher=Daily Record|date=28 February 2016|accessdate=30 September 2017}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.heraldscotland.com/news/12380478.Family_feeling_is_the_secret_of_success_so_far_for_Hamilton |title=Family feeling is the secret of success so far for Hamilton |publisher=The Herald |date=26 February 2009 |accessdate=30 September 2017}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/news/scottish-news/the-angels-share-star-paul-brannigan-1128858|title=The Angels' Share star Paul Brannigan turned his back on a life of crime|publisher=Daily Record|date=10 June 2012|accessdate=30 September 2017}}
8. ^{{cite web|title=Bridgeton and Dalmarnock Historical Background|url=http://www.glasgowhistory.co.uk/Books/Bridgeton/BridgetonChapters/HistoricalBackground.htm|website=Glasgow History|accessdate=26 September 2017}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.universitystory.gla.ac.uk/biography/?id=WH0106&type=P|title=John Orr of Barrowfield|publisher=University of Glasgow|date=|accessdate=30 September 2017}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.theglasgowstory.com/image/?inum=TGSA01013|title=Barrowfield House|publisher=The Glasgow Story|date=|accessdate=30 September 2017}}
11. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.scotsman.com/sport/football/spfl/training-moved-to-barrowfield-as-lennoxtown-suspected-of-playing-a-part-in-rising-injury-toll-1-1974813 |first=Alan |last=Pattullo |title=Training moved to Barrowfield as Lennoxtown suspected of playing a part in rising injury toll |work=The Scotsman |publisher=Johnston Publishing |date=19 November 2011 |accessdate=5 December 2013}}
12. ^{{cite web|url=https://britainfromabove.org.uk/en/image/SPW053585|title=General view of Bridgeton, Glasgow, facing south-west, 1937 (ground is in bottom centre)|publisher=RCAHMS - Britain from Above|date=|accessdate=16 October 2017}}
13. ^{{cite web|url=https://britainfromabove.org.uk/en/image/SPW042529|title=General view of Bridgeton, Glasgow, facing north-east, 1933 (ground is in upper right)|publisher=RCAHMS - Britain from Above|date=|accessdate=16 October 2017}}
14. ^{{cite web|url=https://britainfromabove.org.uk/en/image/SAW045962|title=View around Belvidere Hospital, Glasgow, facing south-east, 1952 (showing three grounds: Parkhead left centre, Waverley mid centre, Strathclyde bottom centre)|publisher=RCAHMS - Britain from Above|date=|accessdate=16 October 2017}}
15. ^{{cite web|url=https://britainfromabove.org.uk/en/image/SAW045959|title=View around Belvidere Hospital, Glasgow, facing east, 1952 (showing three grounds: Parkhead upper centre, Waverley mid right, Strathclyde bottom left)|publisher=RCAHMS - Britain from Above|date=|accessdate=16 October 2017}}
16. ^{{cite web|title=Junior Football|url=http://parkheadhistory.com/sport/junior-football/|website=Parkhead History|accessdate=26 September 2017}}
17. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/football/article-486773/Lennoxtown-let-Celts-match-elite-pitch-it.html |title=Lennoxtown will let Celts match elite off pitch, as well as on it |first=Stephen |last=McGowan |work=Daily Mail |publisher=Associated Newspapers |date=10 October 2007 |accessdate=5 December 2013}}
18. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.glasgowlife.org.uk/sport/glasgow-club/crownpoint/pages/default.aspx|title=Glasgow Club Crownpoint Sports Complex|publisher=Glasgow Life|date=|accessdate=16 October 2017}}