| 词条 | Barter Island |
| 释义 |
Barter Island is an island located on the Arctic coast of the U.S. state of Alaska, east of Arey Island in the Beaufort Sea.[1] It is about four miles (6 km) long and about two miles (3 km) wide at its widest point. Until the late 19th century, Barter Island was a major trade center for the Inupiat people and was especially important as a bartering place for Inupiat from Alaska and Inuit from Canada, hence its name. At one time before about 1900, there had been a large whaling village on Barter Island. Tradition has it that the Alaska Inupiat drove the villagers, Canadian Inupiat, from the island in about 1900. In about 1919, trader Tom Gordon and his wife, Mary Agiaq Gordon, moved from Barrow to Barter Island with their family, some relatives, friends, and their families. Mary's younger brother, Andrew Akootchook, helped to choose the location for the trading post, because of its good harbor and convenient and accessible location for hunting on land and sea. Tom Gordon and the settlers built a trading post at the site and a few families settled near Gordon's trading post. DEW LineStarting in March 1953, a runway and Distant Early Warning Line radar station were built on the island by Western Electric Company, augmented by U.S. Navy sealift and U.S. Air Force Douglas C-124 Globemaster II heavy-lift aircraft. This would be the operational test & evaluation (prototype) installation proving site for the DEW Line facilities that were to later fan out across Alaska, Canada, Greenland, and Iceland. The site was completed in November 1953 to meet requirements for testing in 1954, during which the Air Force conducted evaluation studies. In September 1954, Western Electric was contracted to complete the rest of the DEW Line. Modern historySeveral families settled near the runway and the area around the runway was incorporated in 1971 as the City of Kaktovik. In 1970 3 sounding rockets of Nike-Tomahawk type were launched there for high-altitude research.[2] Climate{{Weather box|metric first=yes |single line=yes |location=Barter Island WSO airport |Jan high F=-7.7 |Feb high F=-13.9 |Mar high F=-8.8 |Apr high F=6.7 |May high F=26.3 |Jun high F=38.4 |Jul high F=45.4 |Aug high F=43.8 |Sep high F=35.4 |Oct high F=20.3 |Nov high F=5.1 |Dec high F=-5.8 |Jan low F=-20.3 |Feb low F=-26.3 |Mar low F=-22.5 |Apr low F=-9.3 |May low F=15.7 |Jun low F=30.4 |Jul low F=34.8 |Aug low F=34.4 |Sep low F=27.9 |Oct low F=10.1 |Nov low F=-6.7 |Dec low F=-18.3 |Jan precipitation inch=0.48 |Feb precipitation inch=0.23 |Mar precipitation inch=0.21 |Apr precipitation inch=0.19 |May precipitation inch=0.31 |Jun precipitation inch=0.53 |Jul precipitation inch=1.03 |Aug precipitation inch=1.10 |Sep precipitation inch=0.68 |Oct precipitation inch=0.77 |Nov precipitation inch=0.41 |Dec precipitation inch=0.26 |Jan snow inch=5.0 |Feb snow inch=2.7 |Mar snow inch=2.6 |Apr snow inch=2.4 |May snow inch=3.0 |Jun snow inch=1.6 |Jul snow inch=0.5 |Aug snow inch=1.5 |Sep snow inch=4.9 |Oct snow inch=9.2 |Nov snow inch=5.0 |Dec snow inch=3.4 |source=http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?ak0558 }} References1. ^{{cite web | url = {{gnis3|1398641}}| title = Barter Island| work = Geographic Names Information System| publisher = United States Geological Survey| accessdate = 2009-07-10}} 2. ^Barter Island page at Encyclopedia Astronautica {{Beaufort Sea Islands}} 3 : Islands of Alaska|Islands of the Beaufort Sea|Islands of North Slope Borough, Alaska |
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