1. Sense of scale
    Time  Distance  Area  Volume  Weight  Products  Nature  Count 

2. Selected 10-digit numbers (1,000,000,001–9,999,999,999)
    1,000,000,001 to 1,999,999,999  2,000,000,000 to 2,999,999,999  3,000,000,000 to 3,999,999,999  4,000,000,000 to 4,999,999,999  5,000,000,000 to 5,999,999,999  6,000,000,000 to 6,999,999,999  7,000,000,000 to 7,999,999,999  8,000,000,000 to 8,999,999,999  9,000,000,000 to 9,999,999,999 

3. References

In scientific notation, it is written as 1 × 10⁹. The metric prefix giga indicates 1,000,000,000 times the base unit. Its symbol is G.

One billion years may be called eon/aeon in astronomy or geology.

Previously in British English (but not in American English), the word "billion" referred exclusively to a million millions (1,000,000,000,000). However, this is no longer common, and the word has been used to mean one thousand million (1,000,000,000) for several decades.^[4]

The term milliard can also be used to refer to 1,000,000,000; whereas "milliard" is seldom used in English,^[5] variations on this name often appear in other languages.

In the South Asian numbering system, it is known as 100 crore or 1 arab.

Sense of scale

The facts below give a sense of how large 1,000,000,000 (10⁹) is in the context of time according to current scientific evidence:

Time

• 10⁹ seconds is 114 days short of 32 calendar years (≈ 31.7 years).
• More precisely, a billion seconds is exactly 31 years, 8 months, 2 weeks, 1 day, 17 hours, 46 minutes, and 40 seconds.
• About 10⁹ minutes ago, the Roman Empire was flourishing and Christianity was emerging. (10⁹ minutes is roughly 1,901 years.)
• About 10⁹ hours ago, modern human beings and their ancestors were living in the Stone Age (more precisely, the Middle Paleolithic). (10⁹ hours is roughly 114,080 years.)
• About 10⁹ days ago, Australopithecus, an ape-like creature related to an ancestor of modern humans, roamed the African savannas. (10⁹ days is roughly {{Nowrap|2.738 million}} years.)
• About 10⁹ months ago, dinosaurs walked the Earth during the late Cretaceous. (10⁹ months is roughly {{Nowrap|83.3 million}} years.)
• About 10⁹ years—a gigaannus—ago, the first multicellular eukaryotes appeared on Earth.
• About 10⁹ decades ago, galaxies began to appear in the early Universe which was then 3.799 billion years old. (10⁹ decades is roughly {{Nowrap|10 billion}} years.)
• It takes approximately 95 years to count from one to one billion in a single sitting.^[6]
• The universe is thought to be about 13.8 × 10⁹ years old.^[7]

Distance

• 10⁹ inches is {{convert|15783|mi|km}}, more than halfway around the world and thus sufficient to reach any point on the globe from any other point.
• 10⁹ metres (called a gigametre) is almost three times the distance from the Earth to the Moon.
• 10⁹ kilometres (called a terameter) is over six times the distance from the Earth to the Sun.

Area

• A billion square inches would be a square about one half mile on a side.
• A piece of finely woven bed sheet cloth that contained a billion holes would measure about {{convert|500|sqft|m2}}, large enough to cover a moderate sized apartment.

Volume

• There are a billion cubic millimetres in a cubic metre and there are a billion cubic metres in a cubic kilometre.
• A billion grains of table salt or granulated sugar would occupy a volume of about {{convert|2.5|cuft}}.
• A billion cubic inches would be a volume comparable to a large commercial building slightly larger than a typical supermarket.

Weight

• Any object that weighs {{convert|1000000000|kg|lbs|spell=in}} would weigh about as much as 5,525 empty Boeing 747-400s.
• A cube of iron that weighs {{convert|1000000000|lbs|kg|spell=in}} would be {{convert|1521|ft|4|in|mi m}} on each side.

Products

• As of July 2016, Apple has sold one billion iPhones.^[8] This makes the iPhone one of the most successful product lines in history, surpassing the PlayStation and the Rubik's Cube.
• As of July 2016, Facebook has 1.71 billion users.^[9]

Nature

• A small mountain, slightly larger than Stone Mountain in Georgia, United States, would weigh (have a mass of) a billion tons.
• There are billions of worker ants in the largest ant colony in the world,^[10] which covers almost {{convert|4,000|mi|km}} of the Mediterranean coast.
• In 1804, the world population was one billion.

Count

A is a cube; B consists of 1000 cubes the size of cube A, C consists of 1000 cubes the size of cube B; and D consists of 1000 cubes the size of cube C. Thus there are {{Nowrap|1 million}} A-sized cubes in C; and 1,000,000,000 A-sized cubes in D.

Selected 10-digit numbers (1,000,000,001–9,999,999,999)

1,000,000,001 to 1,999,999,999

• 1,000,000,007 – smallest prime number with 10 digits.^[11]
• 1,023,456,789 – smallest pandigital number in base 10.
• 1,026,753,849 – smallest pandigital square that includes 0.
• 1,073,676,287 – 15th Carol number.^[12]
• 1,073,741,824 – 2³⁰
• 1,073,807,359 – 14th Kynea number.^[13]
• 1,111,111,111 – repunit, also a special number relating to the passing of Unix time.
• 1,129,760,415 – 23rd Motzkin number.^[14]
• 1,134,903,170 – 45th Fibonacci number.
• 1,162,261,467 – 3¹⁹
• 1,220,703,125 – 5¹³
• 1,232,922,769 – Centered hexagonal number.
• 1,280,000,000 – 20⁷
• 1,234,567,890 – pandigital number with the digits in order.
• 1,311,738,121 – 25th Pell number.^[15]
• 1,382,958,545 – 15th Bell number.^[16]
• 1,406,818,759 – 30th Wedderburn–Etherington number.^[17]
• 1,475,789,056 – 14⁸
• 1,631,432,881 – Triangular square number.
• 1,673,196,525 – Lowest common multiple of the odd integers from 1 to 25
• 1,836,311,903 – 46th Fibonacci number.
• 1,882,341,361 – The smallest prime whose reversal is both square (40391²) and triangular (triangular of 57121).
• 1,977,326,743 – 7¹¹

2,000,000,000 to 2,999,999,999

• 2,038,074,743 – 100,000,000th prime number
• 2,147,483,647 – 8th Mersenne prime and the largest signed 32-bit integer.
• 2,147,483,648 – 2³¹
• 2,176,782,336 – 6¹²
• 2,214,502,422 – 6th primary pseudoperfect number.^[18]
• 2,357,947,691 – 11⁹
• 2,562,890,625 – 15⁸
• 2,971,215,073 – 11th Fibonacci prime (47th Fibonacci number).

3,000,000,000 to 3,999,999,999

• 3,166,815,962 – 26th Pell number.^[15]
• 3,192,727,797 – 24th Motzkin number.^[14]
• 3,323,236,238 – 31st Wedderburn–Etherington number.^[17]
• 3,405,691,582 – hexadecimal CAFEBABE; used as a placeholder in programming.
• 3,405,697,037 – hexadecimal CAFED00D; used as a placeholder in programming.
• 3,735,928,559 – hexadecimal DEADBEEF; used as a placeholder in programming.
• 3,486,784,401 – 3²⁰

4,000,000,000 to 4,999,999,999

• 4,294,836,223 – 16th Carol number.^[12]
• 4,294,967,291 – Largest prime 32-bit unsigned integer.
• 4,294,967,295 – Maximum 32-bit unsigned integer (FFFFFFFF₁₆), perfect totient number, product of the five prime Fermat numbers through .
• 4,294,967,296 – 2³²
• 4,294,967,297 – , the first composite Fermat number.
• 4,295,098,367 – 15th Kynea number.^[13]
• 4,807,526,976 – 48th Fibonacci number.

5,000,000,000 to 5,999,999,999

• 5,159,780,352 – 12⁹
• 5,354,228,880 – superior highly composite number, smallest number divisible by all the numbers 1 through 24
• 5,784,634,181 – 13th alternating factorial.^[19]

6,000,000,000 to 6,999,999,999

• 6,103,515,625 – 5¹⁴
• 6,210,001,000 – only self-descriptive number in base 10.
• 6,227,020,800 – 13!
• 6,975,757,441 – 17⁸
• 6,983,776,800 – 15th colossally abundant number,^[20] 15th superior highly composite number^[21]

7,000,000,000 to 7,999,999,999

• 7,645,370,045 – 27th Pell number.^[15]
• 7,778,742,049 – 49th Fibonacci number.
• 7,862,958,391 – 32nd Wedderburn–Etherington number.^[17]

8,000,000,000 to 8,999,999,999

• 8,589,869,056 – 6th perfect number.^[22]
• 8,589,934,592 – 2³³

9,000,000,000 to 9,999,999,999

• 9,043,402,501 – 25th Motzkin number.^[14]
• 9,814,072,356 – largest square pandigital number, largest pandigital pure power.
• 9,876,543,210 – largest number without redundant digits.
• 9,999,999,967 – greatest prime number with ten digits.^[23]

References

• Grind Stone City, Michigan
• Grindstone City, Michigan
• Grindstone Elementary
• Grindstone Indian Rancheria
• Grindstone Indian Rancheria of Wintun-Wailaki Indians
• Grindstone Indian Rancheria of Wintun-Wailaki Indians of California
• Grindstone Island (Magdalen Islands)
• Grindstone lake
• Grindstone Lake (Wisconsin)
• Grindstone Rancheria
• Grindstone Rancheria, California
• Grindstone River
• Grindstone Road
• Grindstone (time-tracking software)
• Grind Stormer
• Grindu (disambiguation)
• G R Indugopan
• GR Indugopan
• Grindu, Ialomita
• Grindu, Ialomița
• Grindu River
• Grindu, Tulcea
• Griner
• Griner Vera
• Grinevia