| 词条 | Battle of Pine Bluff |
| 释义 |
| conflict = Battle of Pine Bluff {{small|Action at Pine Bluff}} | partof = the Trans-Mississippi Theater of the American Civil War | image = | caption = Pine Bluff Battlefield | date = {{start date and age|1863|10|25|p=1|br=1}} | place = Jefferson County, Arkansas | coordinates = {{coord|34|13|46.4|N|92|00|12.4|W|region:US-AR_type:event|display=inline}} | map_type = Arkansas | map_label = Pine Bluff | map_caption = Location within Arkansas | result = Union victory | combatant1 = {{flag|United States|1863}} | combatant2 = {{flag|Confederate States|1863}} | commander1 = {{flagicon|United States|1863}} Col. Powell Clayton | commander2 = {{flagicon|Confederate States|1863}} Brig. Gen. John S. Marmaduke | units1 = Post of Pine Bluff | units2 = Marmaduke's Division | strength1 = 550 cavalry and militia, 300 freedmen, 9 guns | strength2 = 2,000 cavalry, 12 guns | casualties1 = 16 dead and 40 wounded or missing | casualties2 = 41 dead, wounded or missing }} The Battle of Pine Bluff (also known as the Action at Pine Bluff) was a battle of the American Civil War. The battle was fought on October 25, 1863, in Jefferson County, Arkansas, near the county courthouse, where the U.S. garrison under the command of Col. Powell Clayton successfully defended the town against attacks led by Confederate Brig. Gen. John S. Marmaduke. The Union victory ensured the safety of the garrison until the end of the war.[1] BackgroundAfter the capture of Little Rock, Arkansas, U.S. forces occupied several towns along the Arkansas River. Confederate Brig. Gen. John S. Marmaduke decided to test their strength at Pine Bluff. On October 25, 1863, he attacked the Post of Pine Bluff, a U.S. garrison commanded by Col. Powell Clayton.[1] BattleAt 8:00 a.m., Gen. Marmaduke's 2,000 cavalry approached the town from three sides. The 550 federal cavalrymen and Missouri militia, supported by 300 freedmen, barricaded the courthouse square with cotton-bales and positioned the cannon to command the adjacent streets. Marmaduke's Division made several attacks upon the square, then attempted to set the county courthouse on fire. They were unsuccessful and withdrew to Princeton, Arkansas.[1][2] == See also ==
References1. ^1 2 {{cite book |author=The Conservation Fund |editor-last=Kennedy |editor-first=Frances H. |date=1998 |title=The Civil War Battlefield Guide |edition=2nd |publisher=Houghton Mifflin |location=New York |page=233 |isbn=0-395-74012-6 |oclc=917572471 |ol=3494237W}} 2. ^{{cite book |editor-last=Banasik |editor-first=Michael E. |date=2000 |chapter=Appendix F: The Battle of Pine Bluff (October 25, 1863) |title=Unwritten Chapters of the Civil War West of the River. Volume II: Reluctant Cannoneer: The Diary of Robert T. McMahan of the Twenty-fifth Independent Ohio Light Artillery |location=Iowa City, Iowa |publisher=Camp Pope Bookshop |pages=309–314 |isbn=1-929919-01-8 |lccn=00-105377 |oclc=45105391 |ol=6798910M}} Further reading
External links
11 : Battle of Pine Bluff|1863 in Arkansas|Arkansas in the American Civil War|Battles of the American Civil War in Arkansas|Battles of the Trans-Mississippi Theater of the American Civil War|Cavalry raids of the American Civil War|Conflicts in 1863|History of Jefferson County, Arkansas|October 1863 events|Union victories of the American Civil War|Urban warfare |
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