| 词条 | Battle of the Alte Veste |
| 释义 |
| conflict = Battle of Alte Veste | partof = the Thirty Years' War | image = Alte Veste.jpg | image_size = 300px | caption = Alte Veste in 1705, woodcut by {{#ifexist: Johann Alexander Böner|J. Böner|J. Böner (de)}} | date = 24–25 August 1632 (O.S.) [1] 2–3 September 1632 (N.S.) [1] | place = Alte Veste, southwest of Nürnberg, Franconian Circle, Holy Roman Empire (present-day Bavaria, Germany) | map_type = Bavaria#Germany | map_mark = Battle icon (crossed swords).svg | map_marksize = 30 | map_label = Alte Veste, Zirndorf | result = Imperial tactical victory Strategically inconclusive: Siege of Nuremberg lifted shortly afterwards; both armies withdraw | combatant1 = {{flag|Holy Roman Empire}} Catholic League | combatant2 = {{flagicon|Sweden|1632}} Kingdom of Sweden | commander1 = Albrecht von Wallenstein | commander2 = Gustavus Adolphus Lennart Torstensson {{POW}} | strength1 = 43,500 men{{sfn|Clodfelter|2017|p=40}} | strength2 = 44,600 men 30,011 infantry in 37 regiments and 306 companies. | casualties1 = 1,400:{{sfn|Clodfelter|2017|p=40}} 400 killed 1,000 wounded | casualties2 = 2,400:{{sfn|Clodfelter|2017|p=40}} 1,000 killed 1,400 killed or wounded }}{{Campaignbox Thirty Years' War}} The Battle of the Alte Veste was a significant battle of the Thirty Years' War. BackgroundIn the late summer of 1632 the army of Swedish King Gustavus Adolphus met Albrecht von Wallenstein near Nürnberg. The successes of Gustavus Adolphus over General Tilly forced Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II to recall Albrecht von Wallenstein into military service from retirement. Wallenstein was unmatched in his ability to raise troops, and within a few weeks he took to the field with a fresh army. The Imperial Army's ranks swelled as Wallenstein moved to stop the Swedes' advance at Nuremberg. Repeatedly, Gustav Adolf formed for battle and challenged Wallenstein to come out of his fortified camp, but was refused. As the supply situation continued to worsen, the impetuous King grew desperate. AttackHe attacked the Imperial camp at the Alte Veste (or "Old Fortress")—a derelict castle situated atop a wooded hill. Its ownership would then allow the Swedish guns to dominate the Imperial camp. The Imperials were prepared with trenches and an abatis that stymied the Swedish advance. When the vaunted brigades faltered, much of the cavalry was sent in dismounted. Wallenstein saw an opportunity to strike a blow and sallied his cavalry and cut down many of the exhausted troops. Only the final introduction of the Swedish cavalry reserve was able to avert a complete disaster. ResultThe Swedes had been defeated. The Commander of the Swedish artillery, Lennart Torstenson, was taken prisoner and locked up for nearly a year at Ingolstadt. Gustav Adolf received reinforcements days later and Wallenstein left camp and moved north. Citations1. ^1 August 24 (old style or pre-acceptance of the Gregorian calendar in Protestant states) September 2 (new style, or Gregorian dating), 1632. 2. ^http://www.cgsc.edu/CARL/nafziger/632HAA.pdf References
10 : Conflicts in 1632|1632 in Europe|Battles involving Sweden|Battles of the Thirty Years' War|Battles involving the Holy Roman Empire|1632 in the Holy Roman Empire|History of Franconia|Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden|Albrecht von Wallenstein|Battles in Bavaria |
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