“Battle of Wallhof”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Battle of Wallhof

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References
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{{Short description|Battle of the 1626 Polish-Swedish war}}{{Use British English|date = January 2019}}{{Use dmy dates|date = January 2019}}{{Infobox military conflict|

conflict=Battle of Wallhof|

partof=the Polish-Swedish wars|

date=7 January 1626|

place=Valle (German: Wallhof), (present-day Valle Parish, Vecumnieki District, Latvia)|

result=Swedish victory|

combatant1= Swedish Empire|

combatant2= Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth|

commander1=Gustavus II Adolphus, King of Sweden|

commander2=Jan Stanisław Sapieha|

strength1=1,000 infantry
2,100 cavalry
6 guns|

strength2=7,000 men ^[1]
or
2,000 men (mainly cavalry)
3 guns^[1]|

casualties1=Very light, some sources claim not a single man dead or missing|

casualties2=2,300 men killed, wounded or captured^[1]
or
Around 1,000 dead or wounded
150 captured^[2]|

}}{{Campaignbox Polish–Swedish War (1626–1629)}}

Battle of Wallhof ({{lang-lv|Valles kauja}}, also known as Battle of Walmozja) was a battle fought between Sweden and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth on 7 January 1626, in which a Swedish force of 3,100 men (2,100 of them cavalry) with 6 guns under Gustavus II Adolphus ambushed and took by surprise a Polish-Lithuanian force of 2,000-7,000 men (sources differ) with 3 guns under Jan Stanisław Sapieha. Polish-Lithuanian casualties amounted to between 1,000 and 2,300 dead, wounded or captured,^[3]^[4] and their commander collapsed from a mental illness after this defeat.^[4]
The Swedish king Gustav claimed: "not a single man is missing, everyone is where they should be" which is hard to believe, but to have suffered very small casualties is most likely true.

In the battle Gustavus Adolphus' reformed tactics, utilising close cooperation between infantry and cavalry, were tried for the first time. It was also the first time the Swedish cavalry successfully withstood the Polish cavalry.

The Swedes attacked the Lithuanian camp at dawn and, since the camp was located between two woods, the Lithuanian cavalry could not outflank the Swedes. Instead, the Swedes used the woods to fire upon the Lithuanian cavalry charge.^[5]{{rp|106}}

References

1. ^Leszek Podhorodecki, "Rapier i koncerz", Warszawa 1985, {{ISBN|83-05-11452-X}},
2. ^Leszek Podhorodecki, "Rapier i koncerz", Warszawa 1985, {{ISBN|83-05-11452-X}}, p. 142-144
3. ^¹²Wallhof i Nordisk familjebok (2:a upplagan, 1921)
4. ^¹{{cite book|first=Leszek |last=Podhorodecki |title=Rapier i koncerz |location=Warsaw |publisher= |year=1985 |isbn=83-05-11452-X}}
5. ^Frost, R.I., 2000, The Northern Wars, 1558-1721, Harlow: Pearson Education Limited, {{ISBN|9780582064294}}

Sources

http://runeberg.org/nfck/0270.html
Wallhof i Nordisk familjebok (2:a upplagan, 1921)
Sundberg, Ulf: Svenska krig 1521-1814, s. 109-112, Hjalmarson & Högberg Bokförlag, Stockholm 2002, {{ISBN|91-89660-10-2}}
Gullberg, Tom: Krigen kring Östersjön - Lejonet vaknar 1611-1660, s. 50-52, Schildts Förlags AB, Helsingfors 2008, {{ISBN|978-951-50-1822-9}}

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