Growth stage | Code | Description | 0: Germination | 00 | Dry seed |
01 | Beginning of seed imbibition |
03 | Seed imbibition complete |
05 | Radicle emerged from seed |
07 | Shoot emerged from seed (plumule apparent) |
08 | Shoot growing towards soil surface |
09 | Emergence: shoot emerges through soil surface |
1: Leaf development1 | 10 | Pair of scale leaves visible (may be eaten or lost) |
11 | First leaf unfolded |
12 | 2 leaves unfolded |
13 | 3 leaves unfolded |
1 . | Stages continuous till . . . |
19 | 9 or more leaves unfolded |
2: Formation of side shoots | 20 | No side shoots |
21 | Beginning of side shoot development: first side shoot detectable |
22 | 2 side shoots detectable |
23 | 3 side shoots detectable |
2 . | Stages continuous till . . . |
29 | End of side shoot development: 9 or more side shoots detectable |
3: Stem elongation | 30 | Beginning of stem elongation |
31 | One visibly extended internode2 |
32 | 2 visibly extended internodes |
33 | 3 visibly extended internodes |
3 . | Stages continuous till . . . |
39 | 9 or more visibly extended internodes |
5: Inflorescence emergence | 50 | Flower buds present, still enclosed by leaves |
51 | First flower buds visible outside leaves |
55 | First individual flower buds visible outside leaves but still closed |
59 | First petals visible, many individual flower buds, still closed |
6: Flowering | 60 | First flowers open |
61 | Flowers open on first raceme |
63 | Flowers open 3 racemes per plant |
65 | Full flowering: flowers open on 5 racemes per plant |
67 | Flowering declining |
69 | End of flowering |
7: Development of fruit | 70 | First pods have reached final length (“flat pod”) |
71 | 10% of pods have reached final length |
72 | 20% of pods have reached final length |
73 | 30% of pods have reached final length |
74 | 40% of pods have reached final length |
75 | 50% of pods have reached final length |
76 | 60% of pods have reached final length |
77 | 70% of pods have reached final length |
78 | 80% of pods have reached final length |
79 | Nearly all pods have reached final length |
8: Ripening | 80 | Beginning of ripening: seed green, filling pod cavity |
81 | 10% of pods ripe, seeds dry and hard |
82 | 20% of pods ripe, seeds dry and hard |
83 | 30% of pods ripe and dark, seeds dry and hard |
84 | 40% of pods ripe and dark, seeds dry and hard |
85 | 50% of pods ripe and dark, seeds dry and hard |
86 | 60% of pods ripe and dark, seeds dry and hard |
87 | 70% of pods ripe and dark, seeds dry and hard |
88 | 80% of pods ripe and dark, seeds dry and hard |
89 | Fully ripe: nearly all pods dark, seeds dry and hard |
9: Senescence | 93 | Stems begin to darken |
95 | 50% of stems brown or black |
97 | Plant dead and dry |
99 | Harvested product |
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1 Stem elongation may occur earlier than stage 19; in this case continue with the principal stage 3