| 词条 | Bedchamber crisis |
| 释义 |
The Bedchamber Crisis occurred on 7 May 1839 after Whig politician Lord Melbourne declared his intention to resign as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom after a government bill passed by a very narrow margin of only five votes in the House of Commons. The distraught young Queen Victoria, whose ardent political sympathies were with the Whigs, first asked the Duke of Wellington, a former Tory prime minister, to form a new government, but he politely declined. She then reluctantly invited Conservative leader Robert Peel to form a government. Peel realised that such a government would hold a minority in the House of Commons and would be structurally weak, possibly damaging his future political career.[1] Peel accepted the invitation on the condition that Victoria dismiss some of her Ladies of the Bedchamber,[2] many of whom were wives or relatives of leading Whig politicians. She refused the request, considering her ladies as close friends, not as objects of political bargaining. Peel, therefore, refused to become Prime Minister and Melbourne was eventually persuaded{{by whom?|date=July 2018}} to stay on as Prime Minister. After Victoria's marriage to Prince Albert in 1840, she relied less on her ladies as companions. In the 1841 general election, Peel's Conservatives gained a majority and Victoria appointed Peel as the new Prime Minister, a change of government for which Melbourne had meanwhile been preparing her. Accepting "the wise advice of the democratically minded Prince Albert",{{sfn|Rappaport|2003|pages=62–64}} Victoria replaced three of her Whig ladies with Conservatives. At the time of the crisis, the inexperienced Victoria was not yet twenty years old and had been on the throne less than two years. She was dismayed at the thought of losing her first, and so far only, Prime Minister, the avuncular Melbourne, who had been a wise and kindly father-figure to her in the first years of her reign—her own father, the Duke of Kent, had died when she was an infant. Victoria also mistakenly assumed that Peel wanted to replace all of her ladies—her closest friends and companions at court—when in fact Peel wished to replace only six of the twenty-five ladies, but failed to make his intentions clear to Victoria.{{sfn|Rappaport|2003|pages=62–64}} Late in life, Victoria regretted her youthful intransigence, writing to her private secretary, Arthur Bigge, 1st Baron Stamfordham: "I was very young then, and perhaps I should act differently if it was all to be done again."{{sfn|Rappaport|2003|pages= 62–64}} The Bedchamber Crisis was depicted in the 2009 film The Young Victoria and in the 2016 television-drama series Victoria. Notes1. ^{{cite newspaper The Times |title= The manoeuvres of the Queen's ante-chamber|date= 16 May 1839|issue= 17043|page= 4}} 2. ^{{cite hansard |title= Ministerial Explanations |url= http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/commons/1839/may/13/ministerial-explanations#column_984 |house= House of Commons|date= 13 May 1839 |column_start= 984 |column_end= 985|speaker= Robert Peel}} References
5 : 1839 in the United Kingdom|1839 in politics|British monarchy|Queen Victoria|Robert Peel |
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