| 词条 | Bellanca 14-13 | ||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Bellanca 14-13 Cruisair Senior and its successors were a family of light aircraft that were manufactured in the United States by AviaBellanca Aircraft after World War II. They were a follow-up to the prewar Bellanca 14-7 and its derivatives. Design and developmentWhile retaining the Bellanca 14-7's basic design, the 14-13 featured an enlarged cabin, a horizontally opposed Franklin 6A4-335-B3 {{convert|150|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} engine in place of the earlier models' Le Blond radial and an oval vertical endplate on each horizontal stabiliser. This latter feature gained the type the affectionate nickname "cardboard Constellation", because the arrangement was similar to the contemporary Lockheed Constellation airliner.[1] Taking its name from the Bellanca tradition of identifying the series from the wing area in square feet, dropping the final digit, while the second number was the aircraft's horsepower, again dropping the final digit, the 14-13 did not quite fit the naming convention. The Bellanca 14-13 wing was constructed of wood, while the fuselage was welded steel-tube framework with a fabric covering.[1] The 14-13 was introduced in 1946; in its improved 14-13-3 version the aircraft remained in production until 1956.[1] Model 14-19A higher-performance design revision was granted FAA approval as the 14-19 Cruisemaster on September 26, 1949.[2] The new model featured structural upgrades, a {{convert|190|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} Lycoming O435-A engine, an increased gross weight of {{convert|2600|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}}, hydraulically operated landing gear and flaps, and a deluxe interior. 99 of these airplanes were produced between 1949 and 1951. Externally, a near-look-alike to the earlier models, this version was distinguished by its larger, oval-shaped endplates.[3] All production ceased in 1956 as Bellanca wound up its operations. Model 14-19-2The 14-19 design was revived by Northern Aircraft and granted FAA approval on January 7, 1957 as the 14-19-2 Cruisemaster. The new model featured a {{convert|230|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} Continental O-470K engine, an increased gross weight of 2,700 pounds,[2] an updated instrument panel as well as new paint and upholstery schemes.[4] A total of 104 of these aircraft were produced between 1957 and 1958.[3] The company was renamed Downer Aircraft in 1959. Inter-Air acquired the production rights in 1962 and was renamed as the Bellanca Sales Company, a subsidiary of Miller Flying Service.[1] Further development of the design by Inter-Air resulted in the modernized Viking series introduced in 1962.[5] Operational historyDesigned and produced in the post-World War II era, the Bellanca 14-13 Cruisair Senior was aimed at a general aviation market. Pilot/owners were offered a combination of performance, low engine power and a modest price. Its performance and structural strength also made it attractive for utility work, but in many ways the Bellanca design was an anachronism, relying on a conventional landing gear configuration and wood-and-fabric construction that harkened back to an earlier age. Postwar economics along with a glut of surplus military aircraft precluded heavy sales although about 600 were produced.[5] Despite its introduction into a period where private aircraft sales were stagnant, the aircraft remained popular through all of its incarnations and today is considered a classic cabin monoplane and is much in demand.[6] Variants
Initial model introduced in 1946[1]
Improved model introduced in 1947. Featured a longer-span stabilizer with smaller endplates and an external baggage door.[1]
Improved model introduced in 1948, which remained in production until 1956[1]
"Wagon" version with plywood-lined cabin and removable rear seats
{{convert|190|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} version introduced in 1949[2]
{{convert|230|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} version introduced in 1957[2]
{{convert|260|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} tricycle gear version introduced in 1959 by Downer Aircraft[1]
Last version built by Downer Aircraft priced at $19,500 in 1962 - Powered by a 260 hp (194 kW) Continental IO-470-F engine[7]
Version built by Inter-Air with revised empennage and 260 hp (194 kW) Continental IO-470-F engine Specifications (14-13 Cruisair Senior){{Aircraft specs|ref=Jane's all the World's Aircraft 1947[8] |prime units?=imp
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}} ReferencesNotes1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1978 Aircraft Directory 1977, p. 20. 2. ^1 2 3 "Specification 1A3." Department of Transportation Federal Aviation Administration Aircraft. 3. ^1 Bellanca Champion Club Literature. 4. ^1957 Bellanca 14-19-2 Owners Manual. 5. ^1 Palmer 2001, p. 51. 6. ^"Bellanca 14-13 Cruisair history." Pilotfriend.com, 2009. Retrieved: May 17, 2009. 7. ^Flying Magazine, November 1962, p. 24. 8. ^{{cite book |title=Jane's all the World's Aircraft 1947 |edition= |editor1-last=Bridgman |editor1-first=Leonard |year=1947 |publisher=Sampson Low, Marston & Co |location=London |page=187c}} Bibliography{{Refbegin}}
External links{{commons category|Bellanca 14-13}}
5 : United States civil utility aircraft 1940–1949|Bellanca aircraft|Single-engined tractor aircraft|Low-wing aircraft|Aircraft first flown in 1945 |
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