| 词条 | Beniamino Segre |
| 释义 |
|name = Beniamino Segre |box_width = |image = Beniamino Segre.jpg |image_size = 200px |caption = |birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1903|2|16}} |death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1977|10|2|1903|2|16}} |birth_place = Turin, Italy |death_place = Frascati, Italy |nationality = Italian |field = {{plainlist|
|known_for = Segre's theorem Segre class Segre surface |doctoral_advisor = Corrado Segre |academic_advisors = Francesco Severi |notable_students = {{plainlist|
|prizes = }} Beniamino Segre (16 February 1903 – 2 October 1977) was an Italian mathematician who is remembered today as a major contributor to algebraic geometry and one of the founders of finite geometry. Life and careerHe was born and studied in Turin. Corrado Segre, his uncle, also served as his doctoral advisor. Among his main contributions to algebraic geometry are studies of birational invariants of algebraic varieties, singularities and algebraic surfaces. His work was in the style of the old Italian School, although he also appreciated the greater rigour of modern algebraic geometry. Segre was a pioneer in finite geometry, in particular projective geometry based on vector spaces over a finite field. In a well-known paper {{harv|Segre|1955}} he proved the following theorem: In a Desarguesian plane of odd order, the ovals are exactly the irreducible conics. In 1959 he authored a survey "Le geometrie di Galois" on Galois geometry.[1] According to J. W. P. Hirschfeld, it "gave a comprehensive list of results and methods, and is to my mind the seminal paper in the subject."[2] Some critics felt that his work was no longer geometry, but today it is recognized as a separate sub-discipline: finite geometry or combinatorial geometry. According to Hirschfeld, "He published the most as well as the deepest papers in the subject. His enormous knowledge of classical algebraic geometry enabled him to identify those results which could be applied to finite spaces. His theorem on the characterization of conics (Segre's theorem) not only stimulated a great deal of research but also made many mathematicians realize that finite spaces were worth studying."[2] In 1938 he lost his professorship at the University of Bologna, as a result of the anti-Jewish laws enacted under Benito Mussolini's government. He spent the next 8 years in Great Britain (mostly at the University of Manchester),[3] then returned to Italy to resume his academic career.[4] Selected publications
|last=Segre |first=Beniamino |author-link = |title =The non-singular cubic surfaces |place =Oxford |publisher =Clarendon Press |year =1942 |pages =XI+180 |language = |url = |doi = |isbn = |mr =0008171 |zbl =0061.36701 |jfm =68.0358.01}}.[5]
|last=Segre |first=Beniamino |title=Arithmetic upon an algebraic surface |year=1945 |journal=Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society |volume=51 |issue=2 |pages=152–161 |doi=10.1090/s0002-9904-1945-08300-1 |mr=0011565 |zbl=0061.07105}}
|last=Segre |first=Beniamino |author-link = |title =Lezioni di geometria moderna. Vol. 1. Fondamenti di geometria sopra un corpo qualsiasi |trans-title=Lectures on modern geometry. Vol. 1. Foundations of geometry over any division ring |place =Bologna |publisher =Zanichelli |year =1948 |pages =IV+195 |language =Italian |url =http://www.catalogo.zanichelli.it/Pages/Opera?siteLang=IT&id_opera=0000000010184 |doi = |id = |isbn = |mr =0030204 |zbl =0030.41005}}.[6] The second volume was never published: however an updated and largely expanded English edition was published as: {{Citation |last=Segre |first=Beniamino |author-link = |others=With an appendix by Lucio Lombardo–Radice |title =Lectures on modern geometry |place =Roma |publisher =Edizioni Cremonese |series =Monografie Matematiche del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche |volume =7 |orig-year =1948 |year =1961 |edition =2nd |pages =XV+479 |language = |url = |doi = |isbn = |mr =0131192 |zbl =0095.14802}}.[7]
|last=Segre |first=Beniamino |author-link = |title =Forme differenziali e loro integrali. Volume primo. Calcolo algebrico esterno e proprietà differenziali locali |trans-title=Differential forms and their integrals. Volume one. Algebraic exterior calculus and local differential properties |place =Roma |publisher =Docet edizioni universitarie |series =Istituto Nazionale di Alta Matematica |year =1951 |pages =520 |language =Italian |url =https://books.google.com/books/about/Forme_differenziali_e_loro_integrali_Cal.html?id=wzHOAAAAMAAJ&redir_esc=y |isbn = |mr =0049646 |zbl =0045.19702 }}.[8]
|last=Segre |first=Beniamino |author-link = |title =Arithmetical Questions on Algebraic Varieties |place =London |publisher =The Athlone Press |year =1951b |pages =V+55 |language = |url = |doi = |id = |isbn = |mr =0043498 |zbl =0042.15204}}.[9]
|last=Segre |first=Beniamino |title=Ovals in a finite projective plane |mr=0071034 |year=1955 |journal=Canadian Journal of Mathematics |issn=0008-414X |volume=7 |pages=414–416 |doi=10.4153/CJM-1955-045-x}}
|last=Segre |first=Beniamino |author-link = |title =Forme differenziali e loro integrali. Volume secondo. Omologia, coomologia, corrispondenze ed integrali sulle varietà |trans-title=Differential forms and their integrals. Volume two. Homology, cohomology, mappings and integrals on manifolds |place =Roma |publisher =Docet edizioni universitarie |series =Istituto Nazionale di Alta Matematica |year =1956 |pages =422 |language =Italian |url =https://books.google.com/books/about/Forme_differenziali_e_loro_integrali_Omo.html?id=NzLOAAAAMAAJ&redir_esc=y |isbn = |mr =0087989 |zbl =0073.07803 }}.[10][11]
|last=Segre |first=Beniamino |author-link = |title =Some Properties of Differentiable Varieties and Transformations: With Special Reference to the Analytic and Algebraic Cases |place =Berlin–Heidelberg–New York |publisher =Springer-Verlag |series =Ergebnisse der Mathematik und ihrer Grenzgebiete. Neue Folge |volume =Heft 13 |year =1957 |pages =VIII+183 |language = |url = |doi =10.1007/978-3-642-52764-7 |id = |isbn =978-3-642-52766-1 |mr = |zbl =0081.37404}} (also available with {{ISBN|978-3-642-52764-7}} (ebook)).[12]
|last=Segre |first=Beniamino |author-link = |others=With an additional part written in collaboration with J. W. P. Hirschfeld |title =Some Properties of Differentiable Varieties and Transformations: With Special Reference to the Analytic and Algebraic Cases |place =Berlin–Heidelberg–New York |publisher =Springer-Verlag |series =Ergebnisse der Mathematik und ihrer Grenzgebiete. Neue Folge |volume =Heft 13 |orig-year =1955 |year =1971 |edition =2nd |pages =IX+195 |language = |url = |doi =10.1007/978-3-642-65006-2 |id = |isbn =3-540-05085-X |mr =0278222 |zbl =}} (also available with {{ISBN|0-387-05085-X}}, {{ISBN|978-3-642-65008-6}} (softcover reprint) and {{ISBN|978-3-642-65006-2}} (ebook)).
|last=Segre |first=Beniamino |author-link = |others=con un'appendice di U. Bartocci e M. Lorenzani |title =Prodromi di geometria algebrica |trans-title=Principles of algebraic geometry |place =Roma |publisher =Edizioni Cremonese |year =1972 |pages =VI+412 |language =Italian |url =https://books.google.com/books/about/Prodromi_di_geometria_algebrica.html?id=CkPvAAAAMAAJ&redir_esc=y |doi = |isbn =88-7083-426-3 |mr = |zbl =0281.14001}}
|last=Segre |first=Beniamino |author-link = |title =Opere scelte. Volume I |trans-title=Selected works. Volume I |place =Roma |publisher =Edizioni Cremonese |series =Opere dei Grandi Matematici Italiani |year =1987 |pages =LI+420 |language =Italian, English, French, German |url = |doi = |id = |isbn = |mr = |zbl =1098.01521}}.
|last=Segre |first=Beniamino |author-link = |title =Opere scelte. Volume II |trans-title=Selected works. Volume II |place =Roma |publisher =Edizioni Cremonese |series =Opere dei Grandi Matematici Italiani |year =1999 |pages =XXII+460 |language =Italian, English, French, German |url = |archive-url = |archive-date = |doi = |id = |isbn = |mr = |zbl =1098.01520}}
|last=Segre |first=Beniamino |author-link = |title =Opere scelte. Volume III |trans-title=Selected works. Volume III |place =Roma |publisher =Edizioni Cremonese |series =Opere dei Grandi Matematici Italiani |year =2000 |pages =VIII+456 |language =Italian, English, French, German |url = |doi = |id = |isbn = |mr = |zbl =1098.01522}}. Notes1. ^B. Segre (1959) "Le geometrie di Galois", Annali di Matematica Pura ed Applicata 48: 1–97. 2. ^1 J. W. P. Hirschfeld (1979) Preface to Projective Geometries over Finite Fields, page vii, Clarendon Press {{ISBN|0-19-853526-0}} 3. ^{{MacTutor Biography|id=Segre_Beniamino}} 4. ^According to {{harvtxt|Vesentini|2005|p=189}}. 5. ^{{cite journal|last=Snyder|first=Virgil|author-link=Virgil Snyder|title=Review: The non-singular cubic surfaces, by B. Segre|journal=Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society|year=1943|volume=45|issue=5|pages=350–352|url=http://www.ams.org/journals/bull/1943-49-05/S0002-9904-1943-07900-1/|doi=10.1090/S0002-9904-1943-07900-1}}. 6. ^{{cite journal|last=Blumenthal|first=Leonard M.|author-link=Leonard Blumenthal|title=Review: Lezioni de geometria moderna. Vol. 1. Fondamenti di geometria sopra un corpo qualsiasi, by B. Segre|journal=Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society|year=1948|volume=57|issue=3|pages=192–194|url=http://www.ams.org/journals/bull/1951-57-03/S0002-9904-1951-09488-4/|doi=10.1090/S0002-9904-1951-09488-4}} 7. ^{{cite journal|author=Freudenthal, Hans|authorlink=Hans Freudenthal|title=Review: Lectures on modern geometry, by B. Segre|journal=Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society|year=1961|volume=67|issue=5|pages=442–443|url=http://www.ams.org/journals/bull/1961-67-05/S0002-9904-1961-10620-4|doi=10.1090/s0002-9904-1961-10620-4}} 8. ^{{Citation|last =Martinelli|first =Enzo|author-link =Enzo Martinelli|title =B. Segre, Forme differenziali e loro integrali, vol I, Calcolo Algebrico esterno e proprietà differenziali locali, Edizioni Universitarie Docet, Roma, 1951|journal =Bollettino dell'Unione Matematica Italiana|series=Serie III|volume =7|issue =2|pages =190–194|year =1952|language =Italian|url =http://www.bdim.eu/item?id=BUMI_1952_3_7_2_188_0|doi =}} 9. ^{{cite journal|last=Du Val|first=Patrick|author-link=Patrick du Val|title=Review: Arithmetical questions on algebraic varieties, by B. Segre|journal=Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society|year=1952|volume=58|issue=5|pages=575–576|url=http://www.ams.org/journals/bull/1952-58-05/S0002-9904-1952-09625-7/|doi=10.1090/s0002-9904-1952-09625-7}}. 10. ^{{Citation|last =Martinelli|first =Enzo|author-link =Enzo Martinelli|title =B. Segre, Forme differenziali e loro integrali, vol II, Omologia, coomologia, corrispondenze ed integrali sulle varietà, Edizioni Universitarie Docet, Roma, 1956|journal =Bollettino dell'Unione Matematica Italiana|series=Serie III|volume =12|issue =3|pages =461–462|year =1957|language =Italian|url =http://www.bdim.eu/item?id=BUMI_1957_3_12_3_461_0|doi =}} 11. ^{{Citation|last =Roth|first =Leonard|author-link =Leonard Roth|title =B. Segre, Forme differenziali e loro integrali, Docet, Roma, 1956, p.422|journal =Bollettino dell'Unione Matematica Italiana|series=Serie III|volume =14|issue =1|pages =122–124|year =1959|language =Italian|url =http://www.bdim.eu/item?id=BUMI_1959_3_14_1_119_0|doi =}}. 12. ^{{Citation|last =Atiyah|first =M. F.|author-link =Michael Atiyah|title =Reviewed: Some Properties of Differentiable Varieties and Transformations by B. Segre|journal =The Mathematical Gazette|volume =43|issue =345|page =234|date =October 1959|url =|jstor =3611008|doi =10.2307/3611008|registration=yes}}. References
|last =Tallini |first =Giuseppe |author-link =Giuseppe Tallini |title =Beniamino Segre |journal =Acta Arithmetica |volume =XLV |issue =1 |pages =1–3 |year =1985 |language = |url =http://matwbn.icm.edu.pl/ksiazki/aa/aa45/aa4511.pdf |doi =10.4064/aa-45-1-1-3 |id = |mr =0791080 |zbl =0558.01031}}.
|last =The Editorial Board |first = |title =Publications of Beniamino Segre |journal =Acta Arithmetica |volume =XLV |issue =1 |pages =5–18 |year =1985–1986 |language = |url =http://matwbn.icm.edu.pl/ksiazki/aa/aa45/aa4512.pdf |doi = |id = |mr = |zbl =}}.
|last=Vesentini |first=Edoardo |author-link=Edoardo Vesentini |title=Beniamino Segre and Italian Geometry |journal=Rendiconti di Matematica e delle sue Applicazioni |series=Serie VII |volume =25 |issue =2 |pages =185–193 |year =2005 |url =http://www1.mat.uniroma1.it/ricerca/rendiconti/ARCHIVIO/2005(2)/185-193.pdf |doi = |id = |mr =2197882 |zbl =1093.01009}}.
External links
9 : 1903 births|1977 deaths|Italian Jews|People from Turin|20th-century Italian mathematicians|Italian mathematicians|Members of the Lincean Academy|University of Bologna faculty|Italian expatriates in the United Kingdom |
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