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词条 Bernard 190
释义

  1. Operational history

  2. Variants

  3. Operators

  4. Specifications (190T)

  5. References

  6. Further reading

name=Bernard 190image=Bernard 191 GR - Oiseau Canari.JPGcaption=Bernard 191GR Oiseau Canari preserved at the Musée de l'Air et de l'Espace

}}{{Infobox Aircraft Type

type=Airlinermanufacturer=Bernarddesigner= Jean Hubertfirst flight=1928introduced=retired=status=primary user=CIDNAmore users=produced=number built=ca. 15variants with their own articles=
}}

The Bernard 190 or Bernard-Hubert 190 was a French airliner of 1928. It was a high-wing cantilever monoplane of conventional configuration, based on the Bernard 18. Compared with its predecessor, it kept the same basic design but featured redesigned tail surfaces, an enlarged cabin, and offered its flight crew a completely enclosed cockpit. Also like its predecessor, the basic airliner model provided the basis for a long-range aircraft to be used in record attempts, the 191GR (for Grand Raid).

Operational history

The eight 190Ts served CIDNA on various European routes, but the 190 is best remembered for the exploits of the three 191GRs. The first built was used by Louis Coudouret in an attempt to cross the North Atlantic in August 1928. This was unsuccessful when the aircraft first refused to leave the ground in Paris, and was later turned back by Spanish authorities unwilling to permit the flight. On 7 July 1929, Coudouret crashed the aircraft near Angoulême and was killed.

The second example was used in the first successful French aerial crossing of the North Atlantic. Painted bright yellow and dubbed Oiseau Canari ("Canary Bird") it departed Old Orchard Beach, Maine on June 13, 1929 and piloted by Jean Assolant, René Lefèvre and Armand Lotti, it completed the crossing to Oyambre, near Comillas, Cantabria, Spain, in 29 hours 52 minutes, even with a stowaway (Arthur Schreiber) aboard. This aircraft is now preserved in the Musée de l'Air et de l'Espace.

The third 191GR was used by Antoine Paillard to set two world airspeed records, for {{cvt|100|km}} with a {{cvt|2000|kg}} payload, and for {{cvt|1000|km}} with a {{cvt|1000|kg}} payload.

Variants

190T
Single-engined airliner, powered by a {{convert|358|kW|hp|abbr=on}} Gnome et Rhône 9Ady (licence-built Bristol Jupiter) radial piston engine.[1]
191T
A single aircraft powered by a {{cvt|600|hp|order=flip}} Hispano-Suiza 12Lb V-12 engine.[2]
191GR
Record-breaking aircraft, powered by {{convert|447|kW|hp|abbr=on}} Hispano-Suiza 12Lb piston engine. Three built as 191G.R. No.1, 191G.R. No.2 and 191G.R. No.3.[3]
192T
Single mailplane example for Aéropostale, powered by a {{cvt|480|hp|order=flip}} Gnome & Rhône 9Akx radial engine.[4]
193T
Single-engined transport aircraft, powered by a {{convert|336|kW|hp|abbr=on}} Lorraine 12Eb piston engine. Only one built.[5]
197GR
Engine demonstrator commissioned by Lorraine-Dietrich. Lost off Rangoon 26 February 1929.

Operators

{{FRA}}
  • Aéropostale
  • CIDNA

Specifications (190T)

{{Aircraft specs
|ref=Jane's all the World's Aircraft 1928[6], Aviafrance:Bernard 190T[1]
|prime units?=met


|crew=2
|capacity=8 pax
|length m=12.58
|span m=17.3
|height m=3.5
|wing area sqm=42.909
|aspect ratio=
|airfoil=
|empty weight kg=1780
|gross weight kg=3300
|max takeoff weight kg=
|max takeoff weight lb=
|max takeoff weight note=
|fuel capacity={{cvt|440|kg}}
|more general=


|eng1 number=1
|eng1 name=Gnome & Rhône 9Ady
|eng1 type=9-cylinder air-cooled radial piston engine
|eng1 hp=480
|prop blade number=2
|prop name=fixed pitch propeller
|prop dia m=
|prop dia ft=
|prop dia in=
|prop dia note=


|max speed kmh=220
|cruise speed note=200
|stall speed kmh=90
|never exceed speed kmh=
|never exceed speed mph=
|never exceed speed kts=
|never exceed speed note=
|range km=1000
|ferry range km=
|ferry range miles=
|ferry range nmi=
|ferry range note=
|endurance=
|ceiling m=3700
|roll rate=
|climb rate ms=
|time to altitude={{cvt|1000|m}} in 7 minutes; {{cvt|3000|m}} in 29 minutes 30 seconds
|wing loading kg/m2=79.25
|fuel consumption kg/km=
|fuel consumption lb/mi=
|power/mass=
|thrust/weight=
|more performance=
}}

References

{{commons category|Bernard 190}}
1. ^1 {{cite web |last1=Parmentier |first1=Bruno |title=Bernard 190T |url=https://www.aviafrance.com/aviafrance1.php?ID=2118&ID_CONSTRUCTEUR=202&ANNEE=0&ID_MISSION=0&MOTCLEF= |website=Aviafrance |accessdate=2 March 2018 |location=Paris |language=French |date=9 January 1999}}
2. ^{{cite web |last1=Parmentier |first1=Bruno |title=Bernard 191T |url=https://www.aviafrance.com/aviafrance1.php?ID=9535&ID_CONSTRUCTEUR=202&ANNEE=0&ID_MISSION=0&MOTCLEF= |website=Aviafrance |accessdate=2 March 2018 |location=Paris |language=French |date=22 September 2002}}
3. ^{{cite web |last1=Parmentier |first1=Bruno |title=Bernard 191GR |url=https://www.aviafrance.com/aviafrance1.php?ID=9537&ID_CONSTRUCTEUR=202&ANNEE=0&ID_MISSION=0&MOTCLEF= |website=Aviafrance |accessdate=2 March 2018 |location=Paris |language=French |date=29 September 2002}}
4. ^{{cite web |last1=Parmentier |first1=Bruno |title=Bernard 192T |url=https://www.aviafrance.com/aviafrance1.php?ID=9534&ID_CONSTRUCTEUR=202&ANNEE=0&ID_MISSION=0&MOTCLEF= |website=Aviafrance |accessdate=2 March 2018 |location=Paris |language=French |date=29 September 2002}}
5. ^{{cite web |last1=Parmentier |first1=Bruno |title=Bernard 193T |url=https://www.aviafrance.com/aviafrance1.php?ID=9536&ID_CONSTRUCTEUR=202&ANNEE=0&ID_MISSION=0&MOTCLEF= |website=Aviafrance |accessdate=2 March 2018 |location=Paris |language=French |date=29 September 2002}}
6. ^{{cite book |title=Jane's all the World's Aircraft 1928 |editor1-last=Grey |editor1-first=C.G. |year=1928 |publisher=Sampson Low, Marston & company, ltd |location=London |page=86c}}

Further reading

  • {{cite book |last= Taylor |first= Michael J. H. |title=Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation |year=1989 |publisher=Studio Editions |location=London |pages=154 }}
  • {{cite book |title=World Aircraft Information Files |publisher=Bright Star Publishing|location=London |pages=File 890 Sheet 30 }}
  • {{Citation | last= Lefranc | first= Jean-Abel | journal= La Nature | publisher= Masson et Cie | place= Paris | title= Avion Bernard-Hubert | issue= 2780 | date= March 1, 1928 | pages= 202–205 | url= http://cnum.cnam.fr/CGI/gpage.cgi?p1=202&p3=4KY28.114%2F100%2F587%2F0%2F0 }}
{{Bernard aircraft}}

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