| 词条 | Bina Etawa |
| 释义 |
| name = Bina | native_name = | native_name_lang = | other_name = Bina | nickname = | king = Aftab & Anas settlement_type = city | image_skyline = | image_alt = | image_caption = | pushpin_map = India Madhya Pradesh | pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Madhya Pradesh, India | coordinates = {{coord|24|10|48|N|78|12|0|E|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|India}} | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = Madhya Pradesh | subdivision_type2 = District|District]] sagar | subdivision_name2 = Sagar | established_title = | established_date = 1981 | founder = | named_for = | governing_body = | unit_pref = Metric | area_footnotes = | area_rank = | area_total_km2 = 42 | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 413 | population_total = 207,193[1] | population_as_of = 2011 | population_rank = | population_density_km2 = auto | population_demonym = | population_footnotes = | demographics_type1 = Languages | demographics1_title1 = Official | demographics1_info1 = Hindi | timezone1 = IST | utc_offset1 = +5:30 | postal_code_type = PIN | postal_code = 470113 | registration_plate = M.P-15 | website = | footnotes = | Language = Hindi & Bundelkhandi }} Bina is a town and a municipality in the Sagar district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh.[2] Bina is the district headquarters of Sagar District. The city is an important center of economic and industrial activities for the state. It is situated near important places and historical sites such as Bhopal (the capital of Madhya Pradesh),Vidisha, Sanchi and Chanderi. B.O.R.L (Bharat Oman Refinery Ltd.), the only oil refinery of central India is located in Bina, a thermal power plant, and a high voltage power station. This region is famous for its high quality wheat, and Bina is an important agricultural processing center. Bina also contains an important railway junction. The route from Delhi-Mumbai and from Katni-Kota passes through the Bina Railway Junction. Furthermore, Malkheri Railway Junction is also located in Bina. Historically, Bina Etawa is famous for the city Eran which is located near the city along the bank of the Bina River. Eran was the capital of Airikina Pradesha or Airkina Vishaya, an administrative division of the Gupta empire. It is among the oldest cities found in the region. HistoryBina city was earlier known as Etawa. Etawa is the name of the village earlier present in the area. Later in 1923, Bina Railway Junction was founded in the area with its name derived from the Bina River flowing nearby. The new name was chosen to dismiss any ambiguity between the Itawa located in Uttar Pradesh. Later all administrative documents started using the name Bina-Etawa, and therefore, the municipal corporation was also named as Bina-Etawa Municipal Corporation. Also the Khimlasa Fort located near the city is an important destination to understand the history of the region. Khimlasa is said to have been founded by a Mohammedan noble and was the mahal in the sarkar of Raisen of the subah of Malwa. The town of Khimlasa is enclosed within a fortified wall built of stone rubble more or less coursed.[3] एरण बीना मध्यप्रदेश INDIA
एरण के प्राचीन काल के इतिहास के बारे में मिले पुरातात्वीय अवशेष हालाकि गुप्तकाल के हैं ! लेकिन यहाँ मिले सिक्कों से ज्ञात होता है कि ईसा पूर्वकाल में भी यह स्थान आबाद था ! एरण के बारे में माना जाता है कि यह नगर गुप्तकाल में एक महत्वपूर्ण नगर था ! प्राचीन संदर्भ ग्रंथों के अनुसार *जनरल कनिंघम ने सर्वप्रथम प्राचीन एरिकिण नगर की पहचान एरण से की ! एरण को स्वभोग नगर कहा जाता था ! कुछ विद्वानों के अनुसार एरण जेजक भुक्ति की राजधानी रहा है ! विष्णु स्तंभ पर उत्कीर्ण लेख में गुप्त संवत 16, ( 464 ईस्वी ) अंकित है ! इस लेख के अनुसार गुप्त सम्राट बुद्धगुप्त के राज्यकाल में नर्मदा और यमुना नदियों के बीच वाले प्रदेश के शासक सुरश्मिचंद्र थे ! एरण के प्रादेशिक शासक मातृविष्णु थे ! मातृविष्णु और उनके भाई धन्यविष्णु द्वारा 47 फीट ऊचे एक ही पत्थर के बने, *विष्णु स्तंभ" का निर्माण कराया गया ! उत्खनन से प्राप्त वस्तुओं, सिक्कों आदि से पता चलता है कि एरण स्वतंत्र राज्य के रुप में स्थापित था ! एरण में ईसापूर्व सभ्यता के अवशेष व मूर्ति शिल्प प्राप्त हुए हैं ! एरन में भगवान विष्णु के विभिन्न अवतारों की मूर्ति प्राप्त हुई है ! इससे प्रमाणित होता है ! कि भगवान विष्णु के अनुयायी का लम्बे समय तक एरण क्षेत्र में शासन रहा !
जिसकी ऊचाई लगभग 10 फीट है ! इसका निर्माण एक मीटर ऊचे पत्थर के चबूतरे पर किया गया है ! उसके गले में चारों ओर एक पट्टे पर उत्कीर्ण छोटी छोटी मानव आकृतियों की एक माला है ! शरीर छोटी छोटी वर्तुलाकार अलंकरणों से आच्छादित है ! नारी के रुप में प्रस्तुत की गयी पृथ्वी को दाहिने दांत से सहारा देकर ऊपर उठाया हुआ दर्शाया गया है ! पृथ्वी प्रतिमा का कंधे वाला भाग खंडित है ! स्त्री रुप स्पष्ट दिखाई देता है ! वाराह के पीठ और कंधों और चारों पैरों पर सामने की ओर कमंडल लिए हुए ऋषियों / देव आकृतियां उत्कीर्ण हैं और राशियों का चित्रण है ! दक्षिण दिशा की ओर से देखने पर एक दांत स्पष्ट रुप से दिखाई देता है !
(464 ईसवी)अंकित है ! इस लेख के अनुसार गुप्त सम्राट बद्धगुप्त के राज्यकाल में यमुना और नर्मदा के बीच वाले प्रदेश के शासक सुरश्मिचंद थे ! एरण के प्रादेशिक शासक मातृविष्णु थे ! उनके छोटे भाई धन्यविष्णु द्वारा विष्णुस्तंभ का निर्माण कराया गया !
मातृविष्णु तथा धन्यविष्णु नामक भाईयों ने विष्णु का ध्वजस्तंभ बनवाया था ! उनकी एक पीढी के बाद हूणों ने एरण पर आक्रमण किया ! उस बडे युद्ध में गुप्त राजा भानुगुप्त की पराजय हूई ! उनके सेनापति गोपराजा वीरगति को प्राप्त हुए ! हूण राजा तोरमाण ने भानुगुप्त को पराजित किया ! नृवाराह की मूर्ति प्रारंभिक गुप्तकाल के बाद की है ! जिससे प्रतीत होता है कि हूण राजा तोरमाण के बाद पुन: गुप्तवंश के राजाओ द्वारा पुन: एरण को वापस जीत लिया था ! समुद्रगुप्त के एरण अभिलेख में लिखा है - "स्वभोग नगर ऐरिकरण प्रदेश !" अर्थात स्वभोग के लिए समुद्रगुप्त ऐरिकिण जाता रहता था ! संदर्भ स्त्रोत -
नोट - यह संकलित लेख जनसामान्य के एरण की महान विरासत के प्रति जोडने जागरुक बनाने के उद्देश्य से साभार संकलित है ! ऐतिहासिक तथ्यात्मक जानकारी हेतू विषय विशेषज्ञों, शोधकर्ताओं की जानकारी को ही आधार बनाया जाये !
Industry and economicsBharat Oman Refineries Limited (BORL), a company promoted by Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL) with equity participation from Oman Oil Company S.A.O.C (OOC) had set up a 6 MMTPA grass root refinery at Bina. Bina Refinery has adopted state-of-the-art technologies designed to process Arab Mix crude (65% Arab Light and 35% Arab Heavy). It also had the flexibility to process other types of Middle East crude. The project also includes a Pet Coke-based Captive Cogeneration Power Plant (CPP) of 99 MW (33 x 3).[4] A 1200 MW Bina Thermal Power Plant by JAYPEE Group is also under construction. A part of the plant, with capacity of 500 MW has already started working. Also a Cement Manufacturing Plant was also proposed by the JAYPEE group in Bina.[5] A 1200kV National Test Station at Bina under PPP model by Powergrid corporation in collaboration with 35 Indian manufacturers along with National High Power Test Laboratory Pvt. Ltd. (NHPTL), Joint Venture Company is state-of-the-art "On Line High Power Short Circuit Test Facility" is also located in Bina.[6] Apart from this, the government of Madhya Pradesh is planning to build an investment corridor between Bina-Bhopal and termed it as Bina-Bhopal Investment Corridor. Under this project, investments of around US$1 bn is expected around the verticals of Chemicals, Electrical Equipments, Fabricated metal Production, machinery and equipments. Along with it, Integrated township projects were also proposed near the city.[7] The region is also home for some agricultural produce processing units and agricultural machinery manufacturing units. The wheat produced in the region one is of the finest produced in the world and is considered the best wheat produce. GeographyBina-Etawa is situated at 24°10’ N latitude and 78°10’ E longitude at the about 412 m above the mean sea level. The Bina (river) and Betwa Rivers are the major sources of water in the area. The agricultural land is primarily black soil. ClimateWinter season starts from November to the end or middle of February and Summer season starts from March to the middle of June. Minimum temperature recorded in the city is 1 °C in January. Whereas the Maximum temperature in May is 48.0 °C. Average rainfall is around 1235/mm annually. In monsoon the wind-direction is from south-west and in winter the wind direction is normally from the northeast of the city. EducationBina Etawa has an average literacy rate of 73%, higher than the national average. Government College for post-graduation and graduation courses and Government Girls College providing graduation courses for girls are two important centers for higher education. Besides this Kendriya Vidyalaya Bina is the major centre for school education. Three State Government Schools provide education for the city's students. Some private schools also operate in the city. Religious sitesThe city is home to a number of temples and other historical sites. Jains and Hindus are the majority population in the area. Nisai Ji located near the bank of river Betwa is a notable religious site. The shrine of Shri Taaran Taran founder of Taaran Taran Panth of Jainism is located at this place. In the city, Anekant Gyan Mandir, a Jain organisation, is preserving some of the oldest manuscripts related to Jainism, apart from preserving, electronic copies for these manuscripts were also created by the organisation.[8] Maa Jageshwari Shaktipeeth is famous for the temple of Goddess Durga. A Saibaba Mandir is also located in the campus of Maa Jageshwari Shaktipeeth. Some important religious events includes the Annual Palki Yatra of Maa Jageshwari, organised on the first day of Navratri. Also the Sai Baba Palki Yatra is organised on 14 February of every year. See also
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.census2011.co.in/data/town/802153-bina-etawa-madhya-pradesh.html|title=Bina- Etawa Population|work=Census 2011|publisher=census2011.co.in|accessdate=13 April 2017}} {{Sagar Division}}2. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.dpe.nic.in/important_links/dpe_guidelines/wage_policies/glch4cindex/glch04c8 |title=Re-classification of cities/towns on the basis of 2017 Census |access-date=9 February 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131027014500/http://www.dpe.nic.in/important_links/dpe_guidelines/wage_policies/glch4cindex/glch04c8 |archive-date=27 October 2013 |dead-url=yes |df=dmy-all }} 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://sagar.nic.in/places.htm |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2013-11-04 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130114222831/http://sagar.nic.in/places.htm |archivedate=14 January 2013 |df=dmy }} 4. ^ 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.jalindia.com/thermalpower.htm |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2013-11-04 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131125223730/http://www.jalindia.com/thermalpower.htm |archivedate=25 November 2013 |df=dmy }} 6. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.powergridindia.com/_layouts/PowerGrid/User/ContentPage.aspx?Id=76 |title=Archived copy |access-date=4 November 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515145935/http://www.powergridindia.com/_layouts/PowerGrid/User/ContentPage.aspx?Id=76 |archive-date=15 May 2013 |dead-url=yes |df=dmy-all }} 7. ^ {{dead link|date=November 2016|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}} 8. ^[https://archive.is/20131104205848/http://www.idjo.org/old_idjo/ManuscriptsAGM.asp] 2 : Sagar, Madhya Pradesh|Cities and towns in Sagar district |
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