| 词条 | Bièvre (river) |
| 释义 |
| name = Bièvre | image = Apse of the chapel of the Manufacture des Gobelins.jpg | image_caption = Back of the Gobelins Manufactory, adjoining the Bièvre River, in 1830. | source1_location = Île-de-France | mouth_location = Seine | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|48|50|37|N|2|21|57|E|name=Seine-Bièvre|display=inline,title}} | progression = {{RSeine}} | subdivision_type1 = Country | subdivision_name1 = France | length = {{convert|33|km|mi|abbr=on}} | source1_elevation = | discharge1_avg = {{convert|0.2|m3/s|cuft/s|abbr=on}} | basin_size = {{convert|201|km2|mi2|abbr=on}} }} The Bièvre is a {{convert|36|km|mi|adj=on}} long river of the Île-de-France région that flows into the Seine (left bank) in Paris. The name translates to "Beaver River" in English. CourseThe source of the Bièvre is in Guyancourt, département Yvelines.[1] From there, it flows through the following départements and towns:
The river enters Paris near Stade Charléty (close to the border between the 13th and 14th arrondissements), and reaches the Seine River in the Latin Quarter (5th arrondissement) close to Île de la Cité. {{stack|}}The Bièvre was diverted from its original course in 1148 by the monks of the abbey of Saint-Victor.[2] This diversion is reflected in maps of Paris dating from the 13th century.{{citation needed|date=July 2015}} Historically the river was heavily industrialized with mills, which led to the straightening of the river. Tanneries, butcher shops and dye-makers were built along its banks, leading to serious pollution concerns. Starting in the 18th century, the river was gradually culverted. Eleven km are canalised under slabs and 5 km have disappeared under rubble and urbanisation in Paris. In modern times the Bièvre forms a rainwater system.[1] Restoration projectIn 2003, 200m of the Bièvre was re-opened in the Parc des Près in Fresnes.[3] At the same time, over twenty direct wastewater connections to the Bièvre were eliminated. When the river is completely disconnected from the wastewater system, the stormwater from the river will no longer flow into a wastewater treatment plant but will instead flow directly into the River Seine, which is expected to lead to significant savings in wastewater treatment costs.[1] Another section of the Bièvre between Massy and Verrières was re-opened in 2006.[4] See also
References1. ^1 2 "Reopening of a section of the River Bièvre in an urban environment", Communauté d’agglomération du val de Bièvre 2. ^{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/56526397|title=Paris : biography of a city|last=1947-|first=Jones, Colin,|date=2005|publisher=Viking|year=|isbn=0670033936|edition= 1st American |location=New York|pages=108–109|oclc=56526397}} 3. ^pdf about the Fresnes reopening of the Bievre, at www.onema.fr {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160406022952/http://www.onema.fr/IMG/EV/publication/rex_r9_bievre_vbatGB.pdf |date=2016-04-06 }} 4. ^The Syndicat intercommunal d’assainissement de la vallée de la Bièvre (Bièvre Valley Intermunicipal Sewerage Association), siavb.fr External links
7 : Rivers of France|Rivers of Hauts-de-Seine|Rivers of Val-de-Marne|Rivers of Yvelines|Rivers of Paris|Subterranean rivers|Rivers of Île-de-France |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。