| 词条 | Blason populaire | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
In blasons populaires nations are homogeneous and have national characteristics. Items such as ethnic jokes or blonde jokes are very common examples of blason populaire. Blasons Populaires in Irish Proverbial MaterialThe Irish proverbial material is almost devoid of any national blasons populaires, with the possible exception of the multi-group international comparison. These comparisons are often manifested in epigrammatic form in European languages, with the most salient and representative stereotypical trait being attributed to the nations involved (what Billig (1995) refers to as ‘banal nationalism’). Enumerative structures, usually tri- or quadripartite formulas, are the favoured apparatus. The syntactic and semantic juxtaposition of negative traits for comparative purposes is then counter-balanced by the positive representation of one nation, usually in final position, most commonly the in-group that invokes the comparison. Below is a nineteenth-century German example (Reinsberg-Düringsfeld 1863, 5) in which there is no apparent in-group. Die Italiener fluchen, Die Franzosen schreien, Die Engländer essen, Die Spanier trotzen, Und die Deutschen betrinken sich. ( The Italians curse, the French scream, the English eat, the Spanish defy, and the Germans get drunk.[3] ) Blasons populaires in Wallonia and Luxembourg [4]In Wallonia (Belgium) and Luxembourg, the concept of "blason populaire" refers to a demonym-like nickname of the inhabitants of a village or a city. Blasons populaire come from the traditional languages (Walloon, Luxembourgish). They are never translated in French, as opposed to the demonyms which exist in French and in Walloon, often in two different constructions. Some, which have lost their pejorative meaning, are now used to name restaurants, theater groups, communal houses, etc. They are also used in pseudonyms of writers in Walloon.
Blasons populaires in Picardie and Nord-Pas-de-CalaisThe inhabitants of all villages or cities in these regions have a blason populaire (in Picard language: surpitchet).[5] For example, for the town of Amiens the blason is chés Maqueus d'gueugues d'Anmien ('the Eaters of Walnuts of Amiens'). In 1597, Spanish soldiers mounted a surprise attack. They were disguised as peasants and put walnuts at the doors of the town. The inhabitants were famished and opened the doors, following which the Spanish soldiers entered the city; with deadly consequences for the inhabitants.
References1. ^Carl Lindahl, John McNamara, John Lindow, eds. Medieval Folklore: A Guide to Myths, Legends, Tales, Beliefs, and Customs. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, 2002. 2. ^Marcas Mac Coinnigh. 'The Blason Populaire: Slurs and Stereotypes in Irish Proverbial Material'. Folklore 124, 2 (2013): 157-177. 3. ^Marcas Mac Coinnigh. An Blason Populaire: Slurs and Stereotypes in Irish Proverbial Material’. Folklore 125 (2013): 1 4. ^http://belgique-sud-surnoms-des-habitants.skynetblogs.be/ 5. ^(in French): André Accart, Les sobriquets des habitants du Pas-de-Calais, 456 pages, ( 2006 ) {{ISBN|2-915800-05-7}} 6. ^{{fr icon}} Jean-Pierre Semblat, Dictionnaire des noms de lieux - Aisne, Archives & culture éd., Paris (2011) Further reading
External links
1 : Folklore |
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