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词条 Boys' Brigade
释义

  1. Object, motto and emblem

  2. History

     Boys' Brigade Scouts, 1906–1927  Merger with Boys' Life Brigade, 1926 

  3. Establishment of recreational camping

  4. Sections in the BB

  5. Amicus Groups

  6. Leadership

     Officers (adult leaders)  Boys as Non-Commissioned Officers 

  7. Awards

     Anchor Section  Junior Section  Company Section  Get the Credit  Discover  Challenge Plus  Founder's Badge  President's Badge  Queen's Badge 

  8. International

     Sovereign countries  Africa  Americas  Asia  Australia / Oceania  Europe  Non-sovereign territories  Affiliated Boys' Brigade type movements 

  9. See also

  10. References

  11. Sources

  12. External links

{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2017}}{{Use British English|date=September 2013}}

For the 1980s Canadian new wave band, see Boys Brigade (band). Not to be confused with the Church Lads' and Church Girls' Brigade.

{{Infobox organization
| name = Boys' Brigade
| logo = Boys' Brigade Anchor (traditional colour version).svg
| type =
| founded_date = 4 October 1883
| founder = Sir William Alexander Smith
| location = Worldwide
| origins = Glasgow
| key_people =
| area_served = International
| focus =
| method =
| revenue =
| endowment =
| num_volunteers =
| num_employees =
| num_members = 750,000 worldwide[1]
| owner =
| homepage = www.boys-brigade.org.uk
| dissolved =
| footnotes =
}}

The Boys' Brigade (BB) is an international interdenominational Christian youth organisation, conceived by Sir William Alexander Smith to combine drill and fun activities with Christian values.[2] Following its inception in Glasgow in 1883, the BB quickly spread across the United Kingdom and became a worldwide organisation by the early 1890s.[3] As of 2018, there were 750,000 Boys' Brigade members in 60 countries.[4]

Object, motto and emblem

The stated object of the Boys' Brigade is "The advancement of Christ's kingdom among Boys and the promotion of habits of Obedience, Reverence, Discipline, Self-respect and all that tends towards a true Christian manliness." Except for the addition of the word "obedience" in 1893, the contents of the object has remained unchanged from the beginning.[5] However, some countries, particularly those which permit girls on their membership roll, have re-worded the object for gender neutrality. For example, in Malaysia, the word "manliness" has been changed to "character".

When designing the Brigade's motto and crest, William Smith referred directly to {{bible verse|Hebrews||6:19|KJV}} in the King James Version of the Bible, "Which hope we have as an anchor of the soul, both sure and stedfast...".[2]

From this verse came the BB motto, "Sure and Stedfast", retaining the old spelling of the latter word.{{citation needed|date=October 2017}} Today, some parts of the movement (only the UK and the ROI) have adopted the modern spelling of "steadfast", whilst all others continue to use the older spelling.[3][6]

The crest was originally a plain anchor, bearing the BB motto with a capital 'B' on either side. Upon the merger between the Boys' Brigade and the Boys' Life Brigade in 1926, the red Greek cross was placed behind the anchor to form the current emblem.[3] The cross originally formed part of emblem of the Boys' Life Brigade.

History

The Boys' Brigade was founded in Glasgow by Sir William Alexander Smith on 4 October 1883 to develop Christian manliness by the use of a semi-military discipline and order, gymnastics, summer camps and religious services and classes.[7]

By 1910, there were about 2200 companies connected with different churches throughout the British Empire and the United States, with 10,000 officers and 100,000 boys.[7]

Boys' Brigade Scouts, 1906–1927

Companies of The Boys' Brigade used manuals on scout training in their programmes. In May 1903, Robert Baden-Powell became a vice-president.[8] Baden-Powell promoted the idea of scouting and outdoor pursuits in the Boys' Brigade and other boys' organisations and schools.[9] The Boys' Brigade formally began its boy scout scheme in 1906. Scout badges (Silver second class & Gold first class) were awarded in The Boys' Brigade and there were specialised Boys' Brigade Scout sections, which operated as part of a BB Company, but met at different times to train in scouting, who wore khaki or blue uniforms, neck scarves and the distinctive four dented broad brimmed fur felt hats.[10] Boys of the Bournemouth & Poole Battalion of The Boys' Brigade participated in Baden-Powell's experimental camp on Brownsea Island in 1907. Baden-Powell did not originally intend to start a separate organisation.[9]

Many Boys' Brigade Scouts later made dual registration with The Boy Scouts Association. The 1st Bournemouth Scouts was run by the 1st Bournemouth Boys' Brigade as a 'BP' Scout group and never a 'BB Scout 'Section'. The Boys' Life Brigade, which merged with The Boys' Brigade in 1926, also operated its own boy scouts and was a member organization of the National Peace Scouts with the British Boy Scouts. The Boys' Brigade Scouts continued until 1927. Some former Boys' Brigade Scout units continued independently after 1927 or affiliated with The Boy Scouts' Association or British Boy Scouts. Two of the original Boys' Brigade Scout units continue as 1st Parkstone Scout Group and 1st Hamworthy Scout Group, both formerly sub units of the 1st Poole Boys Brigade.[11]

Merger with Boys' Life Brigade, 1926

In October 1926 The Boys' Brigade united with The Boys' Life Brigade. The merger also prompted the abandonment of dummy drill rifles that had been used in The Boys' Brigade, due to the Life Brigade's objection to use of weapons or their representations.[12] The Junior organisation of the Boys' Brigade prior to 1926 was called 'The Boy Reserves' but after amalgamation the juniors were called 'The Life Boys'. The name came from the fact that the junior reserve of The Boys' Life Brigade had been known as 'Lifeboys' (all one word). The Life Boys remained as the 'Junior Reserve of The Boys' Brigade until 1966 when the name was changed to 'The Junior Section'.[13]

The Boys' Life Brigade (1899) was one of many similar movements formed following the formation of The Boys' Brigade. The BLB was formed by the National Sunday School Union (Pacifist) and was strongest amongst non-conformist churches. It substituted first aid drill for the military and weapons drill used in The Boys' Brigade. Others organisations similar to The Boys' Brigade included the Church Lads' Brigade (1891, Anglican) and London Diocesan Lads' Brigade (Anglican), the Catholic Boys' Brigade (1894) and the Jewish Lads' Brigade (1895). There were many more smaller Brigades in other denominations and even some in individual churches.

Establishment of recreational camping

Drawing from his military experience, William Smith (Knighted in 1909) introduced the concept of camping into the Brigade to allow boys and officers to remain in contact when other activities ceased for the summer break.

The notion was initially ill-received due to concerns for the boys' safety. A mother has been quoted saying, "Camp! My children have always had a roof over their heads, and as long as I live, always will!". They did have a roof over their heads because William Smith proceeded with the idea and 1st Glasgow Company held its inaugural one-week camp beginning on Friday, 16 July 1886, at Auchinlochan Hall, Tighnabruaich in a hall. In later years they took to canvas camping on a site at Portavadie in the Kyles of Bute. The First Glasgow continued to attend summer camp at the same location until the summer of 1974 when Portavadie was selected as the location of a proposed yard for the construction of oil production platforms. However the new camp is located only 100 yards away at Stilliag farm. This camp site is now used by many companies of the BB every summer for their camping trip.

The initial reservations towards camping did not last. A tradition developed, where the boys who were marching home on the last day of camp would be greeted by cheers from residents and were each presented with a bouquet of flowers.[14] Camps soon became one of the most anticipated events in the year[15] and early publications of the Boys' Brigade Gazette contained many accounts of camping experiences.[14]

Sir William Smith's plans and notes for his first camps have been preserved, and have been used by many other campers.[14]

Sections in the BB

{{Globalize|section|United Kingdom|Australia|date=March 2010}}

Age groups are typically based on school years, so boys in the same year group would be promoted to the next section together, regardless of the dates of individual boys' birthdays. In some companies, sections may merge or there may be minor variations to the normal age boundaries, to accommodate excessively large or small groups of boys or a lack of leaders. Boys might also move to their next section before the end of the year to allow a smoother transition.

  • Australia has three different age groups, known as "sections":
    • Anchors – 4 to 7 years
    • Juniors – 8 to 11 years
    • Seniors – 12 to 18 years
    • 'Alpha' – 12 to 14
    • 'Omega' – 15 to 18
  • Malaysia has four sections:
    • Pre-Juniors – 5 to 7 years
    • Juniors – 8 to 11 years
    • Seniors– 12 to 18 years
    • Primer– 18 to 21 years

(All Malaysian Boys' Brigade companies may accept Girls into membership with the approval of their respective sponsoring authorities)

  • United Kingdom has four sections:
    • Anchor 5 to 8 years (companies need special permission to accept boys younger than 5 years old)
    • Juniors – 8 to 11 years
    • Company – 11 to 15 years
    • Seniors – 15 to 18 years[16]

Officers company and over

(Companies may choose to run a Girls' Association alongside or in combination with these sections)

In the United Kingdom and Eire The BB is divided into four Regions, each region is then further divided. In Scotland and England & Wales The BB is divided into Districts and then Battalions. In Northern Ireland the BB is divided into 13 Battalions. The Battalions provide a local grouping of companies. The Battalions are normally based on Cities or Counties. Each Battalion has its own local structure that organises events and training on behalf of the member companies.

Amicus Groups

  • United Kingdom

Amicus was launched in 1994, and is intended to either run as an alternative to the Seniors programme or even without any other Boys' or Girls' Brigade sections operating. Unlike other sections which may be for boys only in many companies, Amicus is always run as a mixed-gender group. The Amicus concept emphasises involvement of all its members in decision-making concerning the running of the section, such as the content and whether a uniform is to be worn. The section will be overseen and supervised by leaders aged over 18, who receive training from the Boys' Brigade and may deliver parts of the programme.[17]

Leadership

Officers (adult leaders)

Leaders in training are Warrant Officers, attaining the rank of Lieutenant only when having completed additional formal training in youth leadership. To avoid unnecessary leader hierarchy, all qualified officers are Lieutenants. The post of Captain of a company is a brevet rank with those in the position reverting to Lieutenant when they cease to be in the position; similarly other positions such as the company Adjutant (second to the captain) are considered appointments rather than substantive ranks.

Boys bearing the rank of Staff-Sergeant are non-commissioned officers but act within the company as Officers.

Boys as Non-Commissioned Officers

An older boy can gain promotion from Private to become a Non-Commissioned Officer (NCO). There are four NCO ranks available, each being awarded when a boy is of a certain minimum age and reaches a high enough standard of leadership:

  • Lance Corporal — LCP (minimum age 14){{verification needed|text= verification needed for age|date=December 2018}}
  • Corporal — CPL (minimum age 15){{verification needed|text= verification needed for age|date=December 2018}}
  • Sergeant — SGT (minimum age 16){{verification needed|text= verification needed for age|date=December 2018}}
  • Staff Sergeant (minimum age 17){{verification needed|text= verification needed for age|date=December 2018}}

NCOs often play an important role in the Boys' Brigade, helping the officers and other adult helpers with organising activities and awards classes, particular in the Anchors and Juniors sections. NCOs wear chevrons on their upper right arm.

Staff Sergeants act within the company as officers and do not stand in the ranks; however as Staff Sergeants are boys of the Brigade, they can still partake in company activities and competitions, and still earn awards and badges. The uniform of Staff Sergeants is slightly different from that of the normal boy or NCO, they wear still wear a blue shirt. If caps are worn, the BB Anchor is used with no coloured surround. Their rank is denoted with an armband on the right forearm with four inverted chevrons (similar to the rank badge historically worn by senior grades of sergeant in the British Army).

  • United Kingdom

In the United Kingdom, those aged 17 to 21 years old who are nominated by their company, may participate in The Boys' Brigade KGVI Youth Leadership Training;[18] this consists of two one-week-long residential training experiences containing all the training needed to become an officer in The Boys' Brigade. KGVI is held at each of the Regional Headquarters (Felden Lodge in England/Wales, Carronvale House in Scotland and Newport Centre in Northern Ireland).

Awards

Each section within the Boys' Brigade has awards that can be gained by fulfilling achievements.

Anchor Section

The Anchors can gain three badges: Green, Red and Blue triangles by completing a variety of activities in the areas of Body, Mind, Spirit, Community, and Creativity.

Junior Section

The Juniors award scheme was revised in 2004 and members of the section can now gain the Junior Target Award, followed by Bronze, Silver and Gold awards, by completing a variety of activities in the areas of Body, Mind, Spirit, Community, and Creativity.

Company Section

Get the Credit

Under the old 'Get the Credit' Scheme, Company Section members could gain one Target badge first (reduced from the required two in an award reorganisation a few years ago, though Target Two could still be completed as an optional extra), then five other badges (Interests, Adventure, Leadership, Physical and Community) with red and blue flashes around them. After about three years, the boys would have gained all five badges with both red and blue flashes. This enabled the boys to attend a Leadership Training Course and potentially attain the President's Badge. This is a necessary prerequisite for the Brigade's highest award – the Queen's Badge.

Discover

The current award scheme for 11- to 15-year-olds, called Discover, was launched in August 2007. The award scheme is built around three 'zones': Community; Recreation; and Skills. Badges may be gained at four Levels in each zone, 1 through 4.

Having spent two hours working on topics relevant to each of the three zones (a total of six hours), the member is awarded the Compass Badge.

The badge for a zone is gained when the required number of hours have been spent working on topics relevant to that zone (Community – seven hours; Recreation – 10 hours; Skills – 7 hours). A maximum of one badge per zone can be gained in a 12-month period (min 24 hours work). Any additional hours may not be carried over into the next 12-month period. In subsequent 12-month periods, members will work to gain Levels 2, 3, and 4 of each badge.

During a member's second year in Company Section they may gain the Discovery Badge, provided they have: gained a badge in all three zones within the last 12 months; completed an additional 6 hours work in any of the zones; taken part in a residential experience; played an active role in a Company, Battalion, or Church event; and had good attendance for the session.

The Discover programme includes the President's Badge, the requirements for which remain similar to those laid out in the 'Get the Credit' scheme. Including a 'Building Your Skills' Course


See images and logos at boys-brigade.org.uk.[19]

Challenge Plus

The award scheme for Seniors (16- to 18-year-olds), is called Challenge Plus, and was launched in time for the start for the 2008/09 Session, and includes the Queen's Badge.

Founder's Badge

In non-Commonwealth countries, the Founder's Badge is used in place of the Queen's Badge.[20] However, the Boys' Brigade in Malaysia and the Boys' Brigade in Singapore have chosen to use the Founder's Badge, although these countries are members of the Commonwealth.

President's Badge

President's badge is the second highest award in the senior section, it is also a requirement for members before undertaking the highest award which is Founder's badge. The title of Founder's Man and President's Man are held for life, recognizing all rounds of excellence in their service. The Badge itself may be worn while serving as a Non-Commissioned Officer (NCO), a Staff-Sergeant, or a Primer.

Queen's Badge

Queen's Badge is the highest award in the senior section in the UK and the Commonwealth, it is equivalent to a Founder's Badge.

International

Sovereign countries

Dates in parentheses indicate the year when the movement was revived after being dormant or defunct after the initial establishment.

Africa

CountryEnglish NameLocal NameYear FoundedCo-educational
{{BEN}} The Boys' & Girls' Brigade, Benin N/A 1964 Yes
{{BDI}} The Boys' & Girls' Brigade of Burundi N/A 1964 Yes
{{CMR}} The Boys' Brigade in Cameroon N/A 1958 Boys only
DR Congo}} {{note label|DRC|A|A}} Youth of Living Water Vijana Vya Maji Ya Uzima N/A Yes
{{CIV}} The Boys' Brigade of Cote d'Ivoire Boys' Brigade de Cote d'Ivoire 1964 Yes
{{GMB}} The Boys' Brigade in The Gambia N/A 1967 Boys only
{{GHA}} The Boys' Brigade in Ghana The Boys' Brigade, Ghana 1952 Boys only
{{KEN}} Boys' Brigade Kenya N/A 1909 Yes
{{LSO}} The Boys' Brigade of Lesotho Lebotho la bahlankana 1979 Boys only
{{MWI}} The Boys' & Girls' Brigade in Malawi N/A 1910 (2007) Yes
{{NGA}} The Boys' Brigade Nigeria N/A 1908 Boys only
{{RWA}} The Boys' and Girls' Brigade in Rwanda N/A 1965 Yes
{{SLE}} The Boys' Brigade of Sierra Leone N/A 1936 Boys only
{{ZAF}} The Boys' Brigade of South Africa N/A 1889 Boys only
{{SWZ}} Christian Youth Brigade N/A N/A Yes
{{TZA}} The Boys' Brigade in Tanzania N/A 1936 Boys only
{{TGO}} The Boys' and Girls' Brigade in Togo N/A N/A Yes
{{UGA}} The Boys' and Girls' Brigade of Uganda N/A 1933 Yes
{{ZMB}} The Boys' Brigade in Zambia N/A 1957 Boys only
{{ZWE}} The Boys' Brigade in Zimbabwe N/A 1948 Boys only
{{note label|DRC|A|A}} Originally called The Boys’ Brigade, the YOLW has had to gain a new identity due to political reasons.[21]

Americas

CountryEnglish NameLocal NameYear FoundedCo-educational
{{ATG}} Boys' Brigade Antigua N/A N/A Boys only
{{BHS}} The Boys' Brigade Bahamas N/A 1909 (1944) Boys only
{{BLZ}} The Boys' Brigade in Belize N/A 1936 Boys only
{{BRA}} The Boys' Brigade in Brazil Batãlhao de Bandeira N/A N/A
{{CAN}} The Boys' Brigade in Canada N/A 1889 Boys only
{{DMA}} The Boys' Brigade in Dominica N/A N/A Boys only
{{GUY}} The Boys' and Girls' Brigade in Guyana N/A 1935 Yes
{{GRD}} Brigade Grenada N/A N/A Yes
{{HTI}} The Boys' Brigade Haiti N/A 1957 N/A
{{JAM}} The Boys' Brigade in Jamaica N/A 1892 N/A
{{KNA}} Saint Kitts and Nevis Boys' Brigade N/A N/A Boys only
{{LCA}} The Boys' Brigade in Saint Lucia N/A N/A Boys only
VCT}} SVG The Boys' Brigade in Saint Vincent N/A N/A Boys only
{{USA}} United Boys and Girls' Brigades of America
Boys' & Girls' Brigade in Neenah
Boys' and Girls' Brigade of Brockton		 N/A 1887
1900
2011		 Yes
{{TTO}} Trinidad and Tobago Boys' Brigade N/A N/A Boys only

Asia

CountryEnglish NameLocal NameYear FoundedCo-educational
{{BRN}} The Boys' Brigade, Brunei Briged Putera Brunei 1964 Boys only
{{KHM}} The Boys' Brigade, Cambodia N/A 2009 Yes
China|A|A}} The Boys' Brigade, China 基督少年团 1903 (2014) Yes
India|B|B}} The Boys' Brigade India Bal Brigade India 1894 (2014) Yes
{{IDN}} The Boys' Brigade in Indonesia Putra Pengabdi Indonesia 1986 Yes
{{MYS}} The Boys' Brigade in Malaysia Briged Putera Malaysia 1946 Yes
{{PHL}} Boys' and Girls' Brigade, Philippines
The Brigade Philippines		 N/A 2004
2010		 Yes
{{SGP}} The Boys' Brigade in Singapore N/A 1930 Boys only
{{THA}} The Boys' Brigade, Thailand ยุวยาตรา ประเทศไทย 1994 Yes
{{TLS}} The Boys' Brigade, Timor Leste Brigada Mane 2016 Yes
{{note label|China|A|A}} The earliest recorded BB Company in China was an expatriate unit established in the Shanghai Union Church in 1903.[22] This was later overshadowed by the indigenous South China Battalion based in Shantou established in 1915. The BB Battalion thrived until the establishment of the Hailufeng Soviet. Pressure from communist forces eventually forced the BB Companies of the Battalion to shut down and the last Company, 1st Swatow, closed in 1929.[23] BB work was only re-established in 2014 when a Company was established in Shenzhen in 2014 with help from The Boys' Brigade, Hong Kong.[24]{{note label|India|B|B}} The earliest recorded BB Company in India was a united established in Darjeeling in 1894. Records indicate BB Companies being registered in Mumbai, Chennai, and Allahabad by the early 1900s and three Companies were registered in Kolkatta from 1897 to 1902. The 2 Companies attached with the Victoria Leprosy Hospital in Dichpalle established in 1927 and 1932 continued to exist after the Independence of India, by which time most BB Companies in India have closed, until the 1960s.[25] In 2014, BB work in India was re-established in Challapalli, Andhra Pradesh after an absence of almost 5 decades.

Australia / Oceania

CountryEnglish NameLocal NameYear FoundedCo-educational
{{AUS}} The Boys' Brigade Australia N/A 1890 Boys only
{{COK}} The Boys' Brigade, Cook Islands N/A 1935 N/A
{{FJI}} The Boys' Brigade in Fiji N/A N/A Boys only
{{WSM}} The Boys' Brigade in Samoa N/A N/A Boys only
{{SLB}} The Boys' Brigade in The Solomon Islands N/A 1960 Boys only
{{TUV}} The Boys' Brigade in Tuvalu N/A 1961 Boys only
{{NZL}} Boys' Brigade New Zealand N/A 1886 Boys only
{{PNG}} The Boys' Brigade in Papua New Guinea N/A 1963 Yes
{{TON}} The Boys' Brigade in Tonga N/A N/A Boys only

Europe

CountryEnglish NameLocal NameYear FoundedCo-educational
{{IRL}} The Boys' Brigade in the Republic of Ireland N/A 1888 Boys only
{{GBR}} The Boys' Brigade in the United Kingdom N/A 1883 Boys only

Non-sovereign territories

CountryEnglish NameLocal NameYear FoundedCo-educational
{{ASM}} The Boys' Brigade in American Samoa N/A N/A Boys only
{{AIA}} The Boys' Brigade in Anguilla N/A N/A Boys only
{{ABW}} The Boys' Brigade in Aruba N/A N/A Boys only
{{BMU}} The Bermuda Boys' Brigade N/A 1960 Boys only
{{VGB}} The Boys' Brigade in the British Virgin Islands N/A N/A Boys only
{{BES}} The Boys' Brigade in Sint Eustatius N/A N/A Boys only
{{CYM}} The Boys' Brigade, Cayman Islands N/A N/A Boys only
{{CUW}} The Boys' Brigade, Curacao N/A N/A Boys only
{{HKG}} The Boys' Brigade, Hong Kong 香港基督少年軍 1959 Yes
{{MAC}} The Boys' Brigade, Macau 澳門基督少年軍 1999 Yes
{{NIU}} The Boys' Brigade in Niue N/A 1946 Boys only
{{MSR}} Montserrat Boys' Brigade N/A N/A Boys only
{{SXM}} Boys' Brigade Sint Maarten N/A 1963 Boys only
{{VIR}} The Boys' Brigade in the US Virgin Islands N/A 1961 Boys only

Affiliated Boys' Brigade type movements

CountryEnglish NameLocal NameYear FoundedCo-educational
{{BGD}} Pathway
N/A		 N/A
Shishu Kishore Sangha		 N/A
N/A		 Yes
{{DNK}} Voluntary Boys' and Girls' Association Frivilligt Drenge- og Pige-Forbund 1902 Yes
{{FIN}} Young Church Movement Nuori Kirkko 1919 Yes
{{IND}} Junior Ministry, ALC
Junior Ministry, TELC		 N/A
N/A		 N/A
N/A		 Yes
{{ISL}} Youth League of the People's Church Æskulýðssamband Þjóðkirkjunnar N/A Yes
{{MYS}} Junior Work, ELCM N/A N/A Yes
{{ROU}} Transylvanian Youth Christian Association Erdélyi Ifjúsági Keresztyén Egyesület N/A Yes

See also

  • The Boys' Brigade Australia
  • The Boys' Brigade Hong Kong
  • The Boys' Brigade Malaysia
  • The Boys' Brigade in Singapore
  • The Boys' Brigade in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland
  • The Girls' Brigade
  • Frivilligt Drenge- og Pige-Forbund, Boys' Brigade partner organisation in Denmark
  • Suomen Poikien ja Tyttöjen Keskus, Boys' Brigade partner organisation in Finland

References

1. ^{{cite web|title=Brigade across the globe|url=https://boys.brigadeaustralia.org/component/content/?view=featured|work=The Boys' Brigade, Australia|year=2018|quote=The Boys Brigade Australia is part of a vast international network of youth organisations stretching across the globe with over 750 000 young people in 60 countries.|df=dmy-all}}
2. ^1 {{cite news|last=Raynor|first=Tauria|title=Boys' Brigade want alumni to return for a special anniversary|publisher=The Royal Gazette|date=30 October 2008|url=http://www.royalgazette.com/siftology.royalgazette/Article/article.jsp?articleId=7d8af2f30030024§ionId=60|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090720212603/http://www.royalgazette.com/siftology.royalgazette/Article/article.jsp?articleId=7d8af2f30030024§ionId=60|dead-url=yes|archive-date=20 July 2009|accessdate=30 October 2008}}
3. ^1 2 {{cite book | title = Senior Section Handbook, Fifth Edition | publisher = The Boys' Brigade in Malaysia | year = 2003 | location = Malaysia}}
4. ^{{cite web|title=Brigade across the globe|url=https://boys.brigadeaustralia.org/component/content/?view=featured|work=The Boys' Brigade, Australia|year=2018|quote=The Boys Brigade Australia is part of a vast international network of youth organisations stretching across the globe with over 750 000 young people in 60 countries.|df=dmy-all}}
5. ^{{cite journal |last= McFarlan |first= Donald M. |title= Sure and Steadfast |journal= First for Boys |year= 1983 |publisher= Collins |url= http://www.boys-brigade.org.uk/aboutus/ffb-motto.htm |accessdate= 18 March 2007 |deadurl= yes |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20060926000822/http://www.boys-brigade.org.uk/aboutus/ffb-motto.htm |archivedate= 26 September 2006 | df = dmy-all }}
6. ^{{cite web | title = The Boys' Brigade UK: About Us | url =http://www.boys-brigade.org.uk/aboutus/ | accessdate = 18 March 2007| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20060926000556/http://www.boys-brigade.org.uk/aboutus/| archivedate = 26 September 2006}}
7. ^1 {{EB1911|inline=1|wstitle=Boys' Brigade|volume=4|page=356}}
8. ^{{cite web|last=Foster|first=Michael|title=THE ORIGINS OF THE SCOUT MOVEMENT.|url=http://www.boy-scout.net/en/page1/page25/page25.html|work=Scout History Association|publisher=The British Boy Scouts and British Girl Scouts Association|accessdate=15 August 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120525003328/http://www.boy-scout.net/en/page1/page25/page25.html|archive-date=25 May 2012|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}
9. ^1 Birch, A. E. (1959). The story of the Boys Brigade. Frederick-Muller.
10. ^Badges of The Brigade Vol 1 2000 R. Bolton et al.
11. ^Eager, W. McG. (1953). Making men: the history of Boys Clubs and related movements in Great Britain. University of London Press.
12. ^Boys of the Brigade Vol 1 1993 Robin Bolton
13. ^Sure & Stedfast. Springhall et al 1982
14. ^1 2 {{cite journal | last = McFarlan | first = Donald M. | title = Summer Camp | journal = First for Boys | year = 1983 | publisher = Collins | url = http://www.boys-brigade.org.uk/aboutus/ffb-camp.htm | accessdate = 12 February 2007 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20060926000932/http://www.boys-brigade.org.uk/aboutus/ffb-camp.htm | archivedate = 26 September 2006 | df = dmy-all }}
15. ^{{cite web | title = Boys' Brigade Uniforms: History | date = 11 September 2003 | url = http://histclo.com/youth/youth/org/bri/bri-hist.htm | accessdate = 12 February 2007}}
16. ^{{cite web |title=Seniors Section |url=https://boys-brigade.org.uk/children-young-people/seniors-section/ |website=boys-brigade.org.uk |publisher=The Boys' Brigade |accessdate=5 November 2018}}
17. ^{{cite web | title = The Boys' Brigade UK: Amicus | url = http://www.boys-brigade.org.uk/amicus.htm | accessdate = 5 October 2012 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20120907215721/http://www.boys-brigade.org.uk/amicus.htm | archivedate = 7 September 2012 | df = dmy-all }}
18. ^{{cite web |title=KGVI Youth Leadership Training |url=http://www.boys-brigade.org.uk/kgvi.htm |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004212914/http://www.boys-brigade.org.uk/kgvi.htm |archivedate=4 October 2013 |df=dmy-all }}
19. ^BB UK Resources {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071031072021/http://www.boys-brigade.org.uk/leaders/resources/discover/resources.htm |date=31 October 2007 }}
20. ^Boys' Brigade Badges {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060517031003/http://badges.boys-brigade.org.uk/Advanced.html |date=17 May 2006 }}
21. ^{{cite magazine |author= |date=July 2008 |title=Democratic Republic of Congo - Youth of Living Water |url=http://scotland.boys-brigade.org.uk/gazette0708.pdf |magazine=The Boys' Brigade Gazette |location=Hertfordshire |publisher=The Boys' Brigade in the United Kingdom |access-date=2018-06-18 }}
22. ^{{cite magazine |last=Kua |first=Paul |date=October 2007 |title=The First Boy Scouts in Hong Kong, 1910-1912 (1) |url=http://www.scout.org.hk/article_attach/9203/282%20p8.pdf |magazine=Hong Kong Scouting |location=Hong Kong |publisher=Scout Association of Hong Kong |access-date=2018-06-16 }}
23. ^{{cite book |author= |title=Senior Section Handbook |url=https://dk-media.s3.amazonaws.com/media/1qf1a/downloads/337305/Senior_handbook_layout.pdf |location=Manila |publisher=The Brigade Philippines |page=4 |date=2018-06-16 |isbn=}}
24. ^{{cite web |url=http://m.shenzhentang.org/m/prod_view.aspx?TypeId=84&Id=240&Fid=t3:84:3 |title=基督少年团 |author= |date= |access-date=2018-06-17 |language=Chinese |trans-title=Christian Youth League (Shenzhen Christian Church)}}
25. ^{{cite book |author= |title=Planet BB - The Boys' Brigade Around the World |url= |location=Warwickshire |publisher=History Into Print |page=125 |date=2010 |isbn=9781858583334}}

Sources

  • {{Catholic}}

External links

{{commons category}}
  • The Boys' Brigade in Australia
  • The Boys' Brigade in Hong Kong
  • The Boys' Brigade in Ireland
  • The Boys' Brigade in Malaysia
  • The Boys' Brigade in Malaysia - Official Webzine
  • The Boys' Brigade in New Zealand
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20071126130633/http://bbnigeria.org/ The Boys' Brigade in Nigeria]
  • The Boys' Brigade in Singapore
  • The Boys' Brigade in UK
  • FDF; Boys' Brigade's partner organisation in Denmark, or Crossculture, FDF's international work
  • PTK; Boys' Brigade's partner organisation in Finland
  • Boys' and Girls' Brigade of the Fox Valley (USA)
  • Boys' Brigade camp photographs c.1900
  • London Stedfast Association for former Boys' Brigade members
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20130418213545/http://behindtourism.boys-brigade.org.uk/ Behind Tourism International Project]
{{European Fellowship}}

6 : Boys' Brigade|Christian youth organizations|Hemel Hempstead|Organisations based in Hertfordshire|Religious organizations established in 1883|Youth organisations based in the United Kingdom
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