| 词条 | Bradford, Manchester | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|country = England |map_type= Greater Manchester |official_name= Bradford |coordinates = {{coord|53.4803|-2.1952|display=inline,title}} |population= 15,784 |population_ref= (2011) |metropolitan_borough= City of Manchester |metropolitan_county= Greater Manchester |region= North West England |constituency_westminster= Manchester Cental |statistic= 2004 |statistic_title= Ward Established |statistic1= 2018 |statistic_title1= Ward Abolished |post_town= MANCHESTER |postcode_district = M11 |postcode_area= M |dial_code= 0161 |os_grid_reference= SJ8714298193 |static_image=City of Manchester Stadium.jpg |static_image_width=240px |static_image_caption=City of Manchester Stadium, Bradford }} Bradford is a district and until 2018 was an electoral ward in Manchester, England, two miles north east of the city centre. The population at the 2011 census was 15,784.[1] Historically in Lancashire, after the closure of its heavy industries Bradford was for many years an economically deprived area but has undergone regeneration with the building of the City of Manchester Stadium which hosted the 2002 Commonwealth Games and is now home to Manchester City F.C..[2] Bradford is neighboured by Beswick to the south and the two areas are sometimes referred to as Bradford-with-Beswick. The River Medlock and the Ashton Canal run through Bradford. HistoryThe name of the area is ancient and in 1196 the village was recorded as Bradeford,[3] meaning the broad ford. Up to the Industrial Revolution, it was rural with woodland, pastures and brooks. Wolves and eagles once inhabited the woodlands and honey production was part of the local economy. Coal miningFrom Tudor times (1485–1603), sufficient coal was mined to supply most of the needs of Manchester and with the onset of the Industrial Revolution, Bradford Colliery provided fuel to power steam engines in the new cotton mills that were springing up in the district. With the coming of the Ashton Canal in 1797, the colliery was connected to it by means of a private branch. In 1871, the owner of Bradford Colliery was R. T. Parker and the occupier, for rate purposes, was T. & C. Livesey. When deeper pit shafts were sunk, seams of fireclay were discovered and consequently a brickworks was built on the north side of the colliery site to manufacture firebricks for use in lining furnaces. In 1896, the pit manager was F. L. Ward and the under-manager was George Bentley. At that time there were 404 underground workers and 125 surface workers. Coal were mined for making gas, for household and manufacturing use and for raising steam. The brickworks was operational in 1896 owned by Edward Williams. It employed three underground workers extracting clay and two surface workers. In 1935 Bradford Colliery became part of Manchester Collieries and became part of the National Coal Board on nationalisation in 1947. It remained open until September 1968 when it closed, not because its supply of coal was exhausted, but because of the damage to property caused by subsidence that would have been caused in the exploitation of new coal seams under built-up areas. Coal from the mine was fed to the nearby Stuart Street Power Station via an underground conveyor system. {{clear}}Other industriesThe other large employer in Bradford was Richard Johnson & Nephew (Bradford Ironworks), manufacturers of wire of all kinds. The ironworks was close to the Ashton Canal. In 1869, a gasometer was built at the new Bradford Gasworks and this, along with the adjacent colliery, ironworks and cotton mills, was a dominant feature of the landscape. {{clear}}GovernanceBradford was originally a part of the Salford Hundred in the County Palatine of Lancashire. Bradford was an independent township of the ancient parish of Manchester, having its own parochial offices under the Manchester churchwardens. In 1841 this changed and the township became a member of the Manchester Poor Law Union, which was established under the Poor Law Amendment Act of 1841. From 13 April 1850 the village was a member of the Prestwich Union, constituted by order of the Poor Law Board in 1850. The Local Board was set up in 1863 under the Public Health Act of 1848. In 1896 Bradford was incorporated into the civil parish of North Manchester. Under boundary changes by the Local Government Boundary Commission for England (LGBCE) the ward was abolished and replaced with the new electoral wards Ancoats & Beswick and Clayton & Openshaw in May 2018.[4]
GeographyThe Bradford township had an area of 288 acres between the River Medlock and Ashton Old Road. During the Industrial Revolution the area was covered with streets of terraced houses. The Ashton Canal crosses the township to the north and beyond the canal is Philips Park. the underlying rocks are the sandstones and shales of the Middle Coal Measures of the Manchester Coalfield.[3] RegenerationIn addition to the City of Manchester Stadium, Asda built its then largest store in the UK, an Asda Supercentre which opened in June 2002, as well as the National Cycling Centre velodrome. Bradford was home to the sculpture B of the Bang, built to commemorate the 2002 Commonwealth Games. At the time it was the tallest artwork in the UK, but after suffering structural problems was dismantled in 2009.[5] References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadKeyFigures.do?a=7&b=13689197&c=Bradford&d=14&e=62&g=6342307&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1451919002938&enc=1|title=City of Manchester ward population 2011|accessdate=4 January 2016}} 2. ^[https://www.e-manchester.gov.uk/impact/areas/wards/bradford/ Bradford profile] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071025075331/https://www.e-manchester.gov.uk/impact/areas/wards/bradford/ |date=October 25, 2007 }} - e-manchester.gov.uk 3. ^1 {{citation |editor1-last=Farrer |editor1-first=William |editor2-last=Brownbill |editor2-first=J |title=Bradford|url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=41419|work=A History of the County of Lancaster: Volume 4 |publisher=British History Online |pages=274–275 |year=1911 |accessdate=2010-12-10}} 4. ^{{cite book | last = LGBCE | author-link = Local Government Boundary Commission for England | title = Final recommendations on the new electoral arrangements for Manchester City Council | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180204192110/http://www.lgbce.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0014/33017/Manchester-Final-Recommendations.pdf | archive-date = 4 February 2018 | url = http://www.lgbce.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0014/33017/Manchester-Final-Recommendations.pdf | publisher = Local Government Boundary Commission for England | date = April 2017 }} 5. ^{{cite news|url=http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/visual_arts/article6737948.ece|title=It began with a Bang but landmark sculpture is sent for recycling|work=The Times|date=4 August 2009|accessdate=4 December 2010|location=London|first=Russell|last=Jenkins}} External links
2 : Areas of Manchester|Manchester City Council Wards |
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