| 释义 |
- Development Origins Further development
- Design
- Operational history
- Variants
- Operators
- Accidents and incidents
- Specifications
- See also
- References Citations Bibliography
- External links
{{short description|Regional jet airliner}}{{redirect|CRJ2|the airport in Ontario|Stoney Point (Trepanier) Aerodrome}}| name= CRJ100 / CRJ200 | image= File:N466SW LAX (30314755488).jpg | caption= SkyWest CRJ200 }}{{Infobox Aircraft Type | type= Regional jet/Business jet | manufacturer= Bombardier Aerospace | first flight= 10 May 1991 | introduction= 1992 (Lufthansa) | national origin = Canada | retired= | status= Out of production, active service | primary user= SkyWest Airlines | more users= ExpressJet
Endeavor Air
PSA Airlines | produced= 1991–2006 | number built= {{#expr:709+226+86}}[1] | [2] ({{inflation>USD|18.3|r=1|1994}}M today) | developed from = Bombardier Challenger 600 series | variants with their own articles = CRJ700/900/1000
}} |
The Bombardier CRJ100 and CRJ200 (formerly known as the Canadair CRJ100 and CRJ200) are a family of regional airliners designed and manufactured by Bombardier Aerospace. The CRJ is Canada's second civil jet airliner after the Avro Canada C102. It was based on the Bombardier Challenger 600 series business jets. An initial effort to produce an enlarged 36-seat version of the aircraft, known as the Challenger 610E, was terminated during 1981. Shortly after Canadair's privatisation and sale to Bombardier, work on a stretched derivative was reinvigorated; during early 1989, the Canadair Regional Jet program was formally launched. On 10 May 1991, the first of three CRJ100 prototypes conducted its maiden flight. The type first entered service during the following year with its launch customer, German airline Lufthansa. The initial variant, the CRJ100, was soon joined by another model, designated as the CRJ200. It was largely identical to the CRJ100, except for the installation of more efficient turbofan engines, which gave the aircraft lower fuel consumption, increased cruise altitude and cruise speed.[3] During the 1990s, various additional versions and models of the type were developed and put into service. During the late 1990s, a substantially enlarged derivative of the airliner, referred to as the CRJ700, was developed; it was soon joined by the even larger CRJ900 and CRJ1000.[3] During 2006, production of both the CRJ100 and CRJ200 came to an end; the majority of produced airliners have remained in revenue service to date. Additionally, several airlines have modernised their fleets to support extended service. DevelopmentOriginsThe CRJ family has its origins in the design of the earlier Canadair Challenger business jet. During the late 1970s, the relatively wide fuselage of the Challenger, which could comfortably seat a pair of passengers on each side of a central aisle, was observed by some Canadair officials to suggest that it would be somewhat straightforward to produce a stretch of the aircraft for the purpose of accommodating more seats. Accordingly, in 1980, the company publicised its proposal for an expanded model of the aircraft, designated as the Challenger 610E, which would have had seating for an additional 24 passengers.[3] However, such a lengthening did not occur as a result of work on the programme being terminated during the following year. Despite the cancellation of the 610E, neither the concept or general interest in the development of an enlarged derivative had disappeared. During 1987, the year following Canadair's sale to Bombardier, design studies commenced into options for producing a substantially more ambitious stretched configuration of the Challenger.[4][7] In July 1988, Canadair targeted a $13-14 million unit price, for a demand of over 1,000 by 1999.The 48-seat jet would be stretched over the Challenger by a {{cvt|128|in|m}} forward plug and a {{cvt|112|in|m}} aft plug.Over {{cvt|300|mi|km}} routes, the faster climb and cruise give it a one third time advantage to 50 min compared to simirlaly sized turboprops.The higher cost per seat of the RJ, of $270,000 each compared to $186,600, is balanced by its higher productivity.[{{cite magazine |url= http://archive.aviationweek.com/issue/19880718#!&pid=94 |title= Canadair Freezes Basic Design In Regional Jet Development |author= Paul Proctor |magazine= Aviation Week |date= July 18, 1988}}]
6. ^1 2 3 Roberts 2017, p. 109.
7. ^{{cite magazine |url= http://archive.aviationweek.com/issue/19910520#!&pid=16 |title= Regional Jet first flight |date= May 20, 1991 |magazine= Aviation Week }}
8. ^1 2 3 4 5 Eriksson and Steenhuis 2015, p. 58.
9. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.rjet.ca/blog/2012/08/28/the-history-of-canadair-regional-jet-msn-7001/ |title=The History of Canadair Regional Jet MSN 7001 |work=Winglets |accessdate=20 November 2014}}
10. ^{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19930726-2 |title=ASN Aircraft accident Canadair CL-600-2B19 Regional Jet CRJ-100 C-FCRJ Byers, KS |author=Harro Ranter |date=26 July 1993 |publisher=Aviation-safety.net |accessdate=20 November 2014}}
11. ^1 {{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/insight-from-bombardier-the-rise-and-rise-of-region-438479/ |title= The Rise and Rise of Regional Aircraft |date= 20 June 2017 |work= FlightGlobal |author= Bombardier}}
12. ^{{cite web |author = Shannon, Darren and David Kaminski-Morrow |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/west-air-launches-cargo-crj-as-cascade-aims-for-kit-deal-208314/ |title=West Air launches cargo CRJ as Cascade aims for kit deal |publisher=Flightglobal |date = 8 August 2006}}
13. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.airteamimages.com/50403.html |title=Bombardier – CRJ – 200 |publisher=AirTeamImages.com |accessdate=20 November 2014}}
14. ^Doyle, Andrew., Emma Kelly, and Paul Lewis. [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/regional-risk-taking-120360/ "Regional risk-taking."] Flight International, 19 September 2000.
15. ^[https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/eurowings-to-land-bombardier-regionals-129798/ "Eurowings to land Bombardier regionals."] Flight International, 8 May 2001.
16. ^Doyle, Andrew. [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/lufthansa-closes-in-on-regionals-and-a330-300s-152248/ "Lufthansa closes in on regionals and A330-300s."] Flight International, 30 July 2002.
17. ^1 2 3 Vasigh, Taleghani and Jenkins 2012, p. 90.
18. ^1 2 Martin, Mark. [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/bombardier-forges-ahead-in-asia-pacific-62302/ "Bombardier forges ahead in Asia-Pacific."] Flight International, 23 February 2000.
19. ^Vasigh, Taleghani and Jenkins 2012, p. 88.
20. ^Lewis, Paul. [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/bombardier-increases-production-48479/ "Bombardier increases production."] Flight International, 24 February 1999.
21. ^1 Hecker and Martin 2001, p. 47.
22. ^[https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/bombardier-crjs-sold-to-shanghai-airlines-62244/ "Bombardier CRJs sold to Shanghai Airlines."] Flight International, 22 February 2000.
23. ^[https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/japan-airlines-firms-up-options-123890/ "Japan Airlines firms up options."] Flight International, 1 December 2000.
24. ^Dunn, Brian. [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/government-loan-may-help-bombardier-win-3bn-order-124780/ "Government loan may help Bombardier win $3bn order ."] Flight International, 16 January 2001.
25. ^Endres, Gunter. [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/jet-impact-129760/ "Jet Impact."] Flight International, 1 May 2001.
26. ^Warwick, Graham. [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/bombardier-readies-for-expansion-of-service-arm-146211/ "Bombardier readies for expansion of service arm."] Flight International, 16 April 2002.
27. ^Warwick, Graham. [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/delta-signs-massive-crj-deal-64068/ "Delta signs massive CRJ deal."] Flight International, 4 April 2000.
28. ^Jasper, Chris. [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/delta-pioneers-regional-jet-revolution-66497/ "Delta pioneers regional jet revolution."] Flight International, 6 June 2000.
29. ^Lewis, Paul. [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/delta-to-confirm-crj200-orders-166506/ "Delta to confirm CRJ200 orders."] Flight International, 10 June 2003.
30. ^1 [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/bombardier-cuts-crj-output-188603/ "Bombardier cuts CRJ output."] Flight International, 12 October 2004.
31. ^{{cite news |url= http://www.aircraftvaluenews.com/crj900-new-pricing-continues-to-undermine-used-values/ |title= CRJ900 New Pricing Continues to Undermine Used Values |author= Aircraft Value News |date= May 14, 2018}}
32. ^[https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/second-cut-in-crj200-production-reflects-swing-to-la-191003/ "Second cut in CRJ200 production reflects swing to larger aircraft."] Flight International, 7 December 2004.
33. ^Warwick, Graham. [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/business-jets-help-bombardier-to-break-even-186884/ "Business jets help Bombardier to break even."] Flight International, 31 August 2004.
34. ^Warwick, Graham. [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/bombardier-cuts-annual-crj200-production-to-18-aircr-201180/ "Bombardier cuts annual CRJ200 production to 18 aircraft."] Flight International, 25 August 2005.
35. ^Kirby, Mary. [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/us-airline-consolidation-could-spark-interest-in-70-223298/ "US airline consolidation could spark interest in 70-plus seat jets at regional and mainline carriers."] Flight International, 29 April 2008.
36. ^Shannon, Darren. [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/bombardier-banks-on-bigger-jets-196105/ "Bombardier banks on bigger jets."] Flight International, 5 April 2005.
37. ^[https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/crj200-production-halted-202553/ "CRJ200 production halted."] Flight International, 1 November 2005.
38. ^{{Cite magazine |magazine= Hemisphere Magazine |date=December 2016 }}
39. ^{{cite news |url= http://aviationweek.com/awin/perfect-storm-drives-part-out-trend |author= Andrew Compart |title= Perfect Storm Drives Part-Out Trend |quote= Aircraft are retiring younger, but will that last? |work= Aviation Week and Space Technology |date= 15 April 2013 |page= 44–46}}
40. ^{{Cite news |url= http://www.aircraftvaluenews.com/e175-concentration-starts-to-impact-values/ |title= E175 Concentration Starts to Impact Values |author= Aircraft Value News |date= November 12, 2018}}
41. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/asset/24536|title=World Airline Census 2018|last=|first=|date=|website=Flightglobal.com|language=en-GB|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018-08-26}}
42. ^Warwick, Graham. [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/pinnacle-crj-engines-shut-down-after-41000ft-stall-190119/ "Pinnacle CRJ engines shut down after 41,000ft stall."] Flight International, 16 November 2004.
43. ^ Francis, Leithen and David Learmount. [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/chinese-crjs-grounded-190746/ "Chinese CRJs grounded."] Flight International, 30 November 2004.
44. ^{{cite web|url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20070520-0|title=ASN Aircraft accident Canadair CL-600-2B19 Regional Jet CRJ-100ER C-FRIL Toronto-Pearson International Airport, ON (YYZ)|author=Harro Ranter|date=20 May 2007|publisher=Aviation-safety.net|accessdate=20 November 2014}}
45. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ntsb.gov/ntsb/GenPDF.asp?id=DCA08FA018&rpt=fi |author=|title=Probable Cause, DCA08FA018|publisher=Ntsb.gov|accessdate=20 November 2014}}
46. ^{{cite web|url=http://avherald.com/h?article=42607d9d&opt=4096 |title=Accident: PSA Airlines CRJ2 at Charleston on Jan 19th 2010, overran runway on takeoff |publisher=The Aviation Herald |accessdate=20 January 2010}}
47. ^{{cite web|url=http://avherald.com/h?article=43a6f804&opt=1|title=Georgian Airways CRJ1 at Kinshasa on Apr 4th 2011, missed the runway and broke up|publisher=The Aviation herald|accessdate=5 April 2011}}
48. ^{{cite news|title=Airport closed after emergency landing|url=http://www.jsonline.com/news/123302378.html|accessdate=14 June 2011|newspaper=Milwaukee Journal Sentinel|date=Jun 6, 2011}}
49. ^{{cite web |url=http://avherald.com/h?article=44248402&opt=0 |title=Accident: Atlantic Southeast CRJ2 at Baton Rouge on Sep 1st 2011, left main gear up landing |first=Simon |last=Hradecky |publisher=The Aviation Herald |accessdate=2 September 2011}}
50. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.interfax.ru/society/news.asp?id=244314|title=-|work=Interfax.ru|accessdate=20 November 2014}}
51. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/story/2012-07-17/utah-airplane-theft/56282910/1|title=Man takes control of SkyWest jet at Utah airport|work=USATODAY.COM|accessdate=20 November 2014}}
52. ^{{cite news|title=21 Dead in Kazakhstan Plane Crash|url=http://www.satrapia.com/news/article/22-dead-in-kazakhstan-plane-crash/|newspaper=The Gazette of Central Asia|date=29 January 2013|publisher=Satrapia}}
53. ^{{cite web|url=http://aviationweek.com/business-aviation/air-sweden-crj200-freighter-downed?NL=AW-05&Issue=AW-05_20170301_AW-05_972rr&sfvc4enews=42&cl=article_2&elq2=7aabba29088544d1bfae53a47761ad51|accessdate=2017-03-01|title=Air Sweden CRJ200 Freighter Downed: Failed IRU called key to upset|work=Aviation Week}}
54. ^{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/flightradar24/status/685300016693534720|title=FlightRadar24 report on PT294 crash|work=FlightRadar24|accessdate=2016-01-08}}
55. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nrk.no/nordland/politikilde-til-svt_-_-flyet-styrtet-rett-i-bakken-1.12739304|accessdate=2016-01-08|title=Police source to SVT: -The plane crashed straight to the ground}}
56. ^{{cite web |url= https://customer.aero.bombardier.com/webd/BAG/CustSite/BRAD/RACSDocument.nsf/51aae8b2b3bfdf6685256c300045ff31/ec63f8639ff3ab9d85257c1500635bd8/$FILE/ATT1ES4H.pdf/CRJ200APMR8.pdf |title= CRJ airport planning manual |publisher= Bombardier |date= Jan 10, 2016}}
57. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web |url= https://www2.bombardier.com/Used_Aircraft/en/CRJ_Specifications.jsp |title= CRJ Specifications |publisher= Bombardier}}
58. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web |url= https://www2.bombardier.com/Used_Aircraft/pdf/CRJ200_EN.pdf |title= CRJ200 Fact sheet |publisher= Bombardier |date= June 2006}}
{{vectorsite}}Bibliography{{refbegin}}- Eriksson, Sören and Harm-Jan Steenhuis. The Global Commercial Aviation Industry. Routledge, 2015. {{ISBN|1-1366-7239-7}}.
- Hecker, Jayetta Z. and Steven C. Martin. Aviation Competition: Regional Jet Service Yet to Reach Many Small Communities. DIANE Publishing, 2001. {{ISBN|0-7567-1372-2}}
- Jackson, Paul. Jane's All The World's Aircraft 2003–2004. Coulsdon, UK: Jane's Information Group, 2003. {{ISBN|0-7106-2537-5}}.
- Roberts, Dean C. Entering the Civil Aircraft Industry. Dog Ear Publishing, 2017. {{ISBN|1-4575-5241-8}}.
- Vasigh, Bijan., Reza Taleghani and Darryl Jenkins. Aircraft Finance: Strategies for Managing Capital Costs in a Turbulent Industry. J. Ross Publishing, 2012. {{ISBN|1-6042-7071-3}}
{{refend}}External links{{Commons category|CRJ200}}- {{Official Website|https://www2.bombardier.com/Used_Aircraft/en/CRJ_Overview.jsp}}
- {{cite web |url= https://customer.aero.bombardier.com/webd/BAG/CustSite/BRAD/RACSDocument.nsf/51aae8b2b3bfdf6685256c300045ff31/ec63f8639ff3ab9d85257c1500635bd8/$FILE/ATT1ES4H.pdf/CRJ200APMR8.pdf |title= Canadair regional jet airport planning manual |publisher= Bombardier |date= Jan 2016}}
- {{cite magazine |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1991/1991%20-%201125.html |title= Upmarket regional |author= Kieran Daly |magazine= Flight International |date= 1 May 1991|page= 39}}
- {{cite magazine |url= http://www.team.aero/files/aviation_data/owners_n_operators_guide_crj.pdf |title= Owner's & Operator's Guide: CRJ family |magazine= Aircraft Commerce |date= Oct 2009}}
{{Bombardier Aerospace}}{{Canadair}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Bombardier Crj200}} 5 : Canadian airliners 1990–1999|Bombardier Aerospace aircraft|Twinjets|T-tail aircraft|Aircraft first flown in 1991 |