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Borgia Apartments

释义

Frescoes
The Hall of the Mysteries of the Faith The Hall of the Saints The Hall of Trivium and of Quadrivium Other rooms
See also
References
External links

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The Borgia Apartments are a suite of rooms in the Apostolic Palace in the Vatican, adapted for personal use by Pope Alexander VI (Rodrígo de Borgia). In the late 15th century, he commissioned the Italian painter Bernardino di Betto (Pinturicchio) and his studio to decorate them with frescos.

The paintings and frescoes, which were executed between 1492 and 1494, drew on a complex iconographic program that used themes from medieval encyclopedias, adding an eschatological layer of meaning and celebrating the supposedly divine origins of the Borgias.^[1] Recent cleaning of Pinturicchio's fresco "The Resurrection" has revealed a scene believed to be the earliest known European depiction of Native Americans, painted just two years after Christopher Columbus returned from the New World.^[2]

Frescoes

When the Borgia family fell out of favor after the 1503 death of Pope Alexander VI, the apartments were little used for centuries. Only in 1889 did Pope Leo XIII have the rooms restored and opened for public viewing.^[3] The works in the apartment are now considered part of the Vatican Library.

Most of the rooms are now used for the Vatican Collection of Modern Religious Art, inaugurated by Pope Paul VI in 1973.

The collection includes about 600 accumulated works of painting, sculpture and graphic art; donations of contemporary Italian and foreign artists and includes works by Gauguin, Chagall, Klee, Dalí and Kandinsky.

The upper part of the walls and vaults are not only covered with paintings but are further enriched with delicate stucco work in relief.^[4] The main subjects of the five rooms completed by Pinturicchio are:

The Hall of the Mysteries of the Faith

Hall of Mysteries of the Faith
Annunciation	Nativity	Adoration of the Magi	Resurrection

Ascension		Descent of the Holy Spirit	Assumption of the Virgin

The Hall of the Saints

Hall of the Saints
St Catherine's Disputation	Myth of the Bull Apis	Martyrdom of Saint Barbara
Paul the Hermit	Martyrdom of Saint Sebastian	The Visitation

The Hall of Trivium and of Quadrivium

The Arts of the Trivium and Quadrivium (selected)
Grammar (Trivium)	Rhetoric (Trivium)	Music (Quadrivium)	Geometry (Quadrivium)	Astrology (Quadrivium)

Other rooms

The Room of the Sibyls

Some of the remaining rooms were painted by Perin del Vaga.

References

1. ^Web Gallery of Art
2. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2013/05/05/180860991/long-hidden-vatican-painting-linked-to-native-americans|author=Sylvia Poggioli|publisher=NPR|title=Long Hidden, Vatican Painting Linked To Native Americans|date=May 5, 2013|accessdate=July 16, 2018}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vaticanstate.va/content/vaticanstate/en/monumenti/musei-vaticani/appartamento-borgia.paginate.1.html|title=Vatican City State – Borgia Apartment|accessdate=July 16, 2018}}
4. ^Old and Sold – Antiques Digest {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081123060612/http://www.oldandsold.com/articles34/pintoricchio-5.shtml|date=November 23, 2008}}

External links

The Vatican: spirit and art of Christian Rome, a book from The Metropolitan Museum of Art Libraries (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on these rooms (pp. 100–104)

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