“Borzya”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

Borzya

释义

Geography
Climate
History
Administrative and municipal status
Economy
Transportation
Military
References
Notes Sources

{{Infobox Russian town
|en_name=Borzya
|ru_name=Борзя
|image_skyline=Станция Борзя.jpg
|image_caption=Borzya railway station
|coordinates = {{coord|50|23|N|116|31|E|display=inline,title}}
|map_label_position=right
|image_coa=Coat of Arms of Borzya (Chita oblast).png
|coa_caption=
|image_flag=Flag of Borzya (Chita oblast).png
|flag_caption=
|anthem=
|anthem_ref=
|holiday=
|holiday_ref=
|federal_subject=Zabaykalsky Krai
|federal_subject_ref=^[1]
|adm_data_as_of=January 2014
|adm_district_jur=Borzinsky District
|adm_district_jur_ref=^[1]
|adm_ctr_of=Borzinsky District
|adm_ctr_of_ref=^[1]
|inhabloc_cat=Town
|inhabloc_cat_ref=^[1]
|inhabloc_type=
|inhabloc_type_ref=
|mun_data_as_of=December 2012
|mun_district_jur=Borzinsky Municipal District
|mun_district_jur_ref=^[5]
|urban_settlement_jur=Borzinskoye Urban Settlement
|urban_settlement_jur_ref=^[5]
|mun_admctr_of1=Borzinsky Municipal District
|mun_admctr_of1_ref=^[1]
|mun_admctr_of2=Borzinskoye Urban Settlement
|mun_admctr_of2_ref=^[2]
|leader_title=
|leader_title_ref=
|leader_name=
|leader_name_ref=
|representative_body=
|representative_body_ref=
|area_of_what=
|area_as_of=
|area_km2=
|area_km2_ref=
|pop_2010census=31379
|pop_2010census_ref=^[3]
|pop_density=
|pop_density_as_of=
|pop_density_ref=
|pop_latest=29822
|pop_latest_date=January 2014
|pop_latest_ref=^[1]
|established_date=18th century
|established_title=
|established_date_ref=
|current_cat_date=1950
|current_cat_date_ref=
|prev_name1=
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|postal_codes=674600–674603, 674609
|dialing_codes=30233
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|date=May 2010
}}

Borzya ({{lang-rus|Борзя|p=ˈborzʲə}}) is a town and the administrative center of Borzinsky District in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia, located {{convert|349|km|sp=us}} southeast of Chita, the administrative center of the krai. Population: {{ru-census|p2010=31,379|p2002=31,460|p1989=36,373}}

Geography

The town is located on the Borzya River—a right-hand tributary of the Onon—about {{convert|40|km|sp=us}} from the border with Mongolia in the south and {{convert|70|km|sp=us}} from the border with China in the southeast.

Climate

Borzya has a subarctic climate (Köppen climate classification Dwc) bordering on humid continental (Köppen climate classification Dwb) and semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification BSk), with severely cold winters and warm summers. Precipitation is quite low but is somewhat higher from June to September than at other times of the year.

{{Weather box
|width = auto
|location=Borzya
|metric first=yes
|single line=yes
|Jan record high C=-2.4
|Feb record high C=7.1
|Mar record high C=17.2
|Apr record high C=28.0
|May record high C=35.6
|Jun record high C=41.4
|Jul record high C = 40.3
|Aug record high C = 39.3
|Sep record high C = 33.1
|Oct record high C = 25.8
|Nov record high C = 12.4
|Dec record high C = 4.4
|Jan high C = -19.5
|Feb high C = -14.0
|Mar high C = -3.8
|Apr high C = 8.2
|May high C = 17.3
|Jun high C = 24.0
|Jul high C = 25.9
|Aug high C = 23.5
|Sep high C = 16.5
|Oct high C = 7.1
|Nov high C = -6.9
|Dec high C = -17.1
|Jan mean C = -27.1
|Feb mean C = -22.9
|Mar mean C = -11.8
|Apr mean C = 1.0
|May mean C = 9.7
|Jun mean C = 16.9
|Jul mean C = 19.5
|Aug mean C = 16.9
|Sep mean C = 9.2
|Oct mean C = -0.3
|Nov mean C = -13.9
|Dec mean C = -24.0
|Jan low C = -33.5
|Feb low C = -30.5
|Mar low C = -19.8
|Apr low C = -6.3
|May low C = 1.5
|Jun low C = 8.9
|Jul low C = 13.1
|Aug low C = 10.4
|Sep low C = 2.6
|Oct low C = -6.6
|Nov low C = -20.1
|Dec low C = -30.1
|Jan record low C = -50.0
|Feb record low C = -49.0
|Mar record low C = -43.6
|Apr record low C = -30.8
|May record low C = -12.3
|Jun record low C = -4.5
|Jul record low C = 1.2
|Aug record low C = -2.8
|Sep record low C = -12.0
|Oct record low C = -29.1
|Nov record low C = -43.1
|Dec record low C = -51.7
|Jan precipitation mm = 2.5
|Feb precipitation mm = 2.5
|Mar precipitation mm = 3.9
|Apr precipitation mm = 10.1
|May precipitation mm = 16.8
|Jun precipitation mm = 48.1
|Jul precipitation mm = 87.8
|Aug precipitation mm = 68.0
|Sep precipitation mm = 35.3
|Oct precipitation mm = 8.7
|Nov precipitation mm = 4.3
|Dec precipitation mm = 3.7
|Jan humidity = 79.3
|Feb humidity = 77.5
|Mar humidity = 69.4
|Apr humidity = 52.5
|May humidity = 47.6
|Jun humidity = 54.3
|Jul humidity = 63.7
|Aug humidity = 63.4
|Sep humidity = 60.7
|Oct humidity = 61.0
|Nov humidity = 75.4
|Dec humidity = 80.3
|Jan sun = 169.0
|Feb sun = 204.4
|Mar sun = 266.6
|Apr sun = 265.5
|May sun = 294.5
|Jun sun = 309.0
|Jul sun = 293.0
|Aug sun = 286.8
|Sep sun = 241.5
|Oct sun = 224.8
|Nov sun = 168.0
|Dec sun = 148.8
|source 1 = climatebase.ru (1948-2011)^[4] June record high^[5]
}}

History

Although there had been human settlement on the present site of the town since the 18th century, the modern town began with the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway in 1899. The settlement around the Borzya railway station was officially opened in 1900, named Suvorovsky in honor of Alexander Suvorov.^[6] This name, however, was not widely used by the residents, who continued to use the same name as the railway station and the river. The name Borzya was eventually made official when the settlement was granted town status in 1950.^[6]

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Borzya serves as the administrative center of Borzinsky District, to which it is directly subordinated.^[7] As a municipal division, the town of Borzya, together with one rural locality (the crossing loop of Zun-Torey), is incorporated within Borzinsky Municipal District as Borzinskoye Urban Settlement.^[8]

Economy

Besides the railway workshops, employers in the town include food production enterprised, particularly meat production from the livestock industry in the surrounding area.

The Kharanor brown coal open-pit mine is located northwest of the town, providing fuel for power generation.

Transportation

The town is on the original stretch of the Trans-Siberian Railway which crossed Manchuria on its way to Vladivostok and was known as the Chinese Eastern Railway. This route was later bypassed by the current Trans-Siberian, which is entirely on the Russian territory, but the original line passing through Borzya is still used for passenger and freight traffic to and from China.

Military

The town was the headquarters of the 36th Army of the Russian Ground Forces until 2009.^[9]

References

Notes

1. ^Law #316-ZZK
2. ^{{OKTMO reference|76 609 101}}
3. ^{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}}
4. ^{{cite web|title=Borzya, Russia|url=http://climatebase.ru/station/30965/?lang=en|publisher=Climatebase.ru|accessdate=January 24, 2013}}
5. ^{{cite web||url=http://climatebase.ru/station/30965/from2000/?lang=en|publisher=Climatebase.ru|accessdate=January 24, 2013}}
6. ^¹Народная энциклопедия "Мой город". Борзя (Забайкальский край)
7. ^¹²³⁴⁵Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units and the Inhabited Localities of Zabaykalsky Krai
8. ^¹²Law #317-ZZK
9. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.sibinfo.su/news/kuz/1/1899.html|title=Штаб 36-й армии СибВО перенесен из Борзи в Улан-Удэ|last=|first=|date=24 February 2009|work=Sibinfo|access-date=13 October 2016|language=Russian|trans-title=36th Army headquarters of the Siberian Military District relocated from Borzya to Ulan-Ude|via=}}

Sources

{{RussiaAdmMunRef|zab|adm|list}}
{{RussiaAdmMunRef|zab|mun|list}}
{{RussiaAdmMunRef|zab|mun|list0}}

2 : Cities and towns in Zabaykalsky Krai|1900 establishments in the Russian Empire

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