| 词条 | Bourrée in E minor |
| 释义 |
A bourrée was a type of dance that originated in France with quick duple meter and an upbeat.[2] Though the bourrée was popular as a social dance and shown in theatrical ballets during the reign of Louis XIV of France, the Bourrée in E minor was not intended for dancing.[2] Nonetheless, some of the elements of the dance are incorporated in the piece.[2] Bach wrote his lute pieces in a traditional score rather than in lute tablature, and some believe that Bach played his lute pieces on the keyboard.[2] No original script of the Suite in E minor for Lute by Bach is known to exist.[3] However, in the collection of one of Bach's pupils, Johann Ludwig Krebs, there is one piece ("Praeludio – con la Suite da Gio: Bast. Bach") that has written "aufs Lauten Werck" ("for the lute-harpsichord") in unidentified handwriting.[3] Some argue that despite this reference, the piece was meant to be played on the lute as demonstrated by the texture.[3] Others argue that since the piece was written in E minor, it would be incompatible with the baroque lute which was tuned to D minor.[4] Nevertheless, it may be played with other string instruments, such as the guitar, mandola or mandocello, and keyboard instruments, and it is especially well-known among guitarists.[5] The tempo of the piece is fairly quick and smooth. It also demonstrates counterpoint, as the two voices move independently of one another.[1] Furthermore, the Bourrée in E minor demonstrates binary form.[6] {{listen| filename = Johann Sebastian Bach - Suite BWV 996, E Minor - V Bourrée.ogg | title = Lute Suite No,. 1 - BWV 996, E Minor - V Bourrée | description = Performed on a lautenwerck by Martha Goldstein | format = Ogg | filename2 = J.S.Bach Bourree in E minor.ogg | title2 = J.S. Bach "Bourrée in E minor" (BWV 996) | description2 = Performed on an organ | format2 = Ogg }} In classical musicRobert Schumann quotes the first 14 notes of this memorable theme (transposed to G minor) in #3 of the Op. 60, 6 Fugues on B–A–C–H, where he neatly combines it with the B{{music|flat}} A C B motif. There also appears to be an echo of this reference in the next fugue, #4. Jethro Tull version{{Infobox song| name = Bourrée | cover = | alt = | type = single | artist = Jethro Tull | album = Stand Up | B-side = Fat Man | released = 1969 | format = | recorded = 1969 | studio = | venue = | genre = Jazz fusion | length = 3:46 | label = Chrysalis, Island, Reprise, Fontana | writer = J.S. Bach, arr. Ian Anderson | producer = Ian Anderson, Terry Ellis | prev_title = Sweet Dream | prev_year = 1969 | next_title = The Witch's Promise | next_year = 1970 }}Jethro Tull used the piece in the third track in their August 1969 album Stand Up, "Bourée",[7] which was also released as a single that year. Alternative versions of the same track appear on The Jethro Tull Christmas Album and A Little Light Music and is a band favorite for live concerts. In April 2011, a portion of this was also played as a duet by Cady Coleman from the ISS and Ian Anderson on tour in Perm, Russia.[8] In popular cultureThe piece has been used by a number of musicians:
See also
References1. ^1 2 3 {{cite book|author1=Mark Phillips|author2=Jon Chappell|title=Guitar Exercises for Dummies|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qYeILTZ0OqAC&pg=PR11|year=2008|publisher=For Dummies|isbn=978-0-470-38766-5|page=87}} 2. ^1 2 3 {{cite book|author1=Nancy Bachus|author2=Daniel Glover|title=The Baroque Spirit, Bk 2: Book & CD|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mgf1ijR_rFcC|year= 2000|publisher=Alfred Music Publishing|isbn=978-0-7390-0502-6|page=28}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite book|author1=Hannu Annala|author2=Heiki Mätlik|title=Handbook of Guitar and Lute Composers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8_cS-jP7ntoC|year=2008|publisher=Mel Bay Publications|isbn=978-0-7866-5844-2|page=32}} 4. ^{{cite book|author1=Johann Sebastian Bach|author2=Jozsef Eotvos|title=J. S. Bach: The Complete Lute Works|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fZdPip4zC88C&pg=PR6|year= 2002|publisher=Mel Bay Publications|isbn=978-0-7866-6819-9|page=vi}} 5. ^{{cite web | author=Elizabeth T. Knuth | title=Bourrée |url=http://www.users.csbsju.edu/~eknuth/mandotab/bourree.html |accessdate=2007-12-18 }} 6. ^{{cite book|author=Bill Purse|title=The PrintMusic! primer: mastering the art of music notation with Finale PrintMusic!|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ScqjhuyWrk0C|year= 2003|publisher=Hal Leonard Corporation|isbn=978-0-87930-754-7|page=164}} 7. ^Jethro Tull, Scott Allen Nollen, Ian Anderson (McFarland, 2001) [https://books.google.com/books?id=AsvpFwKVCN4C&pg=PA47 Page 47] 8. ^{{cite web|author=Stephanie Schierholz|title=NASA Astronaut Cady Coleman, Jethro Tull's Ian Anderson Perform First Space-Earth Flute Duet|url=https://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2011/apr/HQ_11-108_Coleman_space_duet.html|date=2011-04-12|accessdate=2017-11-12|archive-url=https://archive.today/20171112161441/https://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2011/apr/HQ_11-108_Coleman_space_duet.html#|archive-date=2017-11-12|dead-url=no|df=}} 9. ^{{cite web |author=Bass Player |title=He Can Work It Out |url=http://www.bassplayer.com/article/he-can-work/oct-05/13698 |accessdate=2007-12-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071018223349/http://www.bassplayer.com/article/he-can-work/oct-05/13698# |archive-date=2007-10-18 |dead-url=yes |df= }} 10. ^{{cite web | author=Songfacts | title=Heartbreaker by Led Zeppelin|url=http://www.songfacts.com/detail.php?id=314/ |accessdate=2007-12-18 }} 11. ^{{cite web |author=Kickass Classical |title=The Most Popular Classical Music |url=http://www.kickassclassical.com/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060402201849/http://kickassclassical.com/ |dead-url=yes |archive-date=2006-04-02 |accessdate=2007-12-18 }} 12. ^{{cite web | author=Chordie | title=Bachs Bouree by Yngwie Malmsteen |url=http://www.chordie.com/chord.pere/www.ultimate-guitar.com/print.php?what=tab&id=211377 |accessdate=2007-12-18 }} External links
1 : Compositions by Johann Sebastian Bach |
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