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词条 Brand blunder
释义

  1. True cases

  2. Urban legends

  3. References

  4. External links

{{neologism|date=March 2017}}

A brand blunder is an error associated with the branding of a product, especially a new product in a new market. Reasons for such slips include the lack of understanding of the language, culture and consumer attitudes in the new market.

There are numerous examples of brand blunders in marketing history; there are also numerous urban legends surrounding brand blunders, where there is little evidence of an actual blunder.

True cases

In international marketing, companies must research their product brand name carefully; not only must a brand be distinctive and easy to pronounce, but it must not have unintended negative or obscene connotations in other territories around the world. Examples of brand names which have proved unsuitable for use in English-speaking countries have included:[1]

  • Japanese sports drink Pocari Sweat,
  • Alu-Fanny, a French aluminium foil
  • Crapsy Fruit, a French breakfast cereal
  • Pschitt, a French fizzy soft drink
  • Plopp, a Swedish chocolate bar
  • Atum Bom, a Portuguese brand of tinned tuna
  • Kack, Danish confectionery
  • Mukk, an Italian yogurt
  • Poo, type of curry powder in Argentina
  • Kum Onit, a German make of pencil sharpeners,
  • Bimbo, a brand of bread in Spain and the Americas
  • Slag, a Belgian lager

A number of brand names and advertising campaigns which have proved controversial in recent years have included:

  • An April 2002 Starbucks ad featured twin cups of their Tazo drinks with the caption "Collapse into cool" and an airborne dragonfly, imagery and wording which reminded many of the recent 9/11 attacks. Though the ads were created before the attacks and the resemblance was coincidental, the company apologized and pulled the posters.[2]
  • A 1997 direct mailer from Weight Watchers featuring Sarah Ferguson, with a caption stating that losing weight was "harder than outrunning the paparazzi", appeared in mailboxes in the days before and following the death of Ferguson's former sister-in-law Princess Diana, an incident in which paparazzi were at the time suspected to have played a role. The company quickly pulled the ads.[3][4]
  • In 2006 Sony had a limited Dutch billboard campaign promoting the then-upcoming arrival of the white PlayStation Portable by featuring a black woman and white woman with respectively colored clothing and hair in confrontational poses. After accusations of racism, Sony pulled the ads.[5][6]
  • In 2008, Greyhound Canada hastily pulled the slogan "There's a reason you've never heard of 'bus rage'" after Tim McLean was murdered and beheaded by fellow passenger Vince Weiguang Li aboard a bus in Portage la Prairie, Manitoba.[7]
  • A Nike ad on Oscar Pistorius' website used the caption "I am the bullet in the chamber" and was pulled in 2013 after his arrest in connection with the shooting death of his girlfriend, Reeva Steenkamp.[8]
  • The Honda Jazz was initially named the Honda Fitta. However, when marketing collateral reached the Swedish office of the company, it was pointed out that "Fitta" is a slang term for "vagina" in Swedish and Norwegian. The model was renamed "Jazz" for most markets, with the name "Fit" being used in Japan, China, and the Americas.[9] Similarly, sales of the Ford Pinto suffered in Brazil due to pinto being a Portuguese slang word for a penis; Mitsubishi found that the name of its Pajero model was the same as the Spanish term for "wanker"; and the name of the Toyota MR2, when spoken in French, bore an uncomfortable phonetic similarity to the French word merde, meaning "shit".[10]
  • A name given by IKEA's Chinese website for its stuffed wolf toy Lufsig, Lo Mo Sai (路姆西), contained a homophone of Hai (閪), a profane Cantonese word meaning "vagina"; the name itself could be written as Lo Mo Hai (老母閪), meaning "mother's vagina".[11][12][13]
  • Ayds diet candy launching a mass marketing campaign just before the start of, and continuing through the early years of, the HIV/AIDS epidemic.
  • A German company courted controversy in 2010 when it introduced a brand of beer called Fucking Hell. The brand name was a deliberate choice which referred to the village of Fucking in Austria, combined with the German word Hell which refers to pale lager. The European Union Intellectual Property Office initially refused to grant a trademark for the beer on the grounds that it contained an English expletive, but relented on appeal.[14]
  • In 2011, Internal leak of Dell Lattitude ST (codenamed Peju) spread on internet and got various reaction from Indonesian netizen, since "Peju" means sperm in Indonesian slang.[15][16][17][18]
  • In 2012, a clothing store named "Hitler" opened in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. The store immediately became embroiled in an international controversy over its association with the German Nazi-era leader, Adolf Hitler.[19]

Urban legends

Urban legends about brand blunders are popular, because they use familiar urban legend motifs such as the incompetent corporation or the ignorant foreigner. Often the reality is far less dramatic, and the stories, which are even retold in marketing textbooks, are rarely backed up by researched data about sales.

  • Electrolux: Swedish vacuum manufacturer Electrolux sold products successfully in the United Kingdom using a slogan produced by the English agency Cogent Elliot: "Nothing sucks like an Electrolux". Although many Americans think this is an example of a blunder,[20] in fact the slang disparagement "sucks", originating in American English, was not current in British English at that time.
  • Pepsi: Pepsi allegedly introduced their slogan "Come alive with the Pepsi Generation" into the Chinese market. Translated into Chinese, it read "Pepsi brings your ancestors back from the grave".[21] A similar claim has been made for the "Coke adds life" slogan, with the target market listed as anything from Taiwan to Thailand[22] to Japan.[23]
  • Coca-Cola: The name Coca-Cola rendered phonetically in Chinese can sound like the words for "bite the wax tadpole" ({{zh|s=蝌蚪啃蜡|t=蝌蚪啃蠟|p=Kēdǒu kěn là}}) or "female horse stuffed with wax" (骒马口蠟). Before marketing in China, the company found a close phonetic equivalent, kekou kele (可口可乐), which roughly means "let your mouth rejoice". It was never marketed by the company using the other phrases, though individual merchants may have made such signs.[24]
  • An urban legend holds that the Chevrolet Nova automobile sold poorly in Latin America, as "no va" means "doesn't go" in Spanish. In truth, the car sold well.[25] The same has been said of the Vauxhall Nova, which had to be sold as an Opel Corsa in Spain. This too is a myth, as the car was built in Spain and known there as a Corsa from the outset.
  • Claims that the Buick LaCrosse name in translation becomes the equivalent of "to cross oneself", a Quebec French slang term for masturbation, are overstated. Buick initially used the nameplate Allure in Canada in an overabundance of caution when introducing the model in 2005, but abandoned this dual branding early in the 2010 model year. The vehicle now uses the LaCrosse branding in all countries.[26]
  • Fake ads, often with sexually explicit content such as one for PUMA[27][28] and an even less plausible pedophilia-themed one for Breyers,[29][30] have attracted attention and even official responses from the company denying affiliation.[31]

References

1. ^{{cite journal|last1=Melin|first1=Tracy L.|last2=Ray|first2=Nina M.|title=Emphasizing Foreign Language Use to International Marketing Students: A Situational Exercise That Mimics Real-World Challenges|journal=Global business Languages|date=1 December 2007|volume=10. New Initiaitves, Article 3|page=19|url=https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1121&context=gbl|accessdate=21 March 2017}}
2. ^[https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20081216214240/http://www.snopes.com/rumors/cool.asp Starbucks' 'Collapse into Cool' Campaign]
3. ^[https://archive.is/20130407211426/http://www.businessweek.com/stories/1997-09-21/weight-watchers-rethinks-its-duchess-of-york-campaign Weight Watchers Rethinks Its Duchess Of York Campaign]
4. ^Fergie Ads Pulled by Weight Watchers {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160410175318/http://articles.latimes.com/1997/sep/03/business/fi-28325 |date=April 10, 2016 }}
5. ^[https://www.theguardian.com/technology/gamesblog/2006/jul/05/sonyadcasues Sony ad provokes race accusations] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624152019/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/gamesblog/2006/jul/05/sonyadcasues |date=June 24, 2016 }}
6. ^[https://archive.is/20130403062234/http://blogs.cofc.edu/thelilitheffect/2011/02/15/is-this-offensive-to-you Is this offensive to you? The Lilith Effect]
7. ^{{cite news|last=Gillies |first=Rob |url=http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/travel/news/2008-08-06-greyhound-ad-campaign_N.htm |title=Greyhound scraps ad campaign after Canada bus beheading |publisher=USA Today |date=2008-08-06 |accessdate=2014-07-29}}
8. ^'Bullet in the chamber' Nike ad pulled from Oscar Pistorius' website {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130228220511/http://www.latimes.com/sports/sportsnow/la-sp-sn-nike-oscar-pistorius-i-am-a-bullet-in-the-chamber-ad-20130214%2C0%2C5828008.story |date=February 28, 2013 }}
9. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20100821143529/http://www.automotorsport.se/nyhetsmall.asp?version=3996 Fitta blev dyr affär för Honda]
10. ^{{cite book|last1=Sánchez |first1=Dr Yvette |last2=Brühwiler |first2=Dr Claudia Franziska |title=Transculturalism and Business in the BRIC States: A Handbook |publisher=Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. |isbn=9781472444011 |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=s29xCgAAQBAJ&lpg=PA194&ots=1y9ayA9SuZ&dq=MR2%20brand%20french%20merde&pg=PA194#v=onepage&q&f=false |accessdate=21 March 2017 |language=en}}
11. ^{{cite web|title=How this cute Ikea doll became a symbol of protest in Hong Kong|url=http://online.thatsmags.com/post/why-this-cute-ikea-doll-became-a-symbol-of-protest-in-hong-kong|work=that's Online|accessdate=5 January 2014|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213052439/http://online.thatsmags.com/post/why-this-cute-ikea-doll-became-a-symbol-of-protest-in-hong-kong|archivedate=13 December 2013|df=}}
12. ^{{cite web|last=Chan|first=Yuen|title=IKEA Toy Wolf Becomes Unlikely Anti-Government Symbol in Hong Kong|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/yuen-chan/lufsig-hong-kong_b_4414080.html|work=Huffington Post|date=9 December 2013|accessdate=11 December 2013}}
13. ^McBain, Sophie (10 December 2013). "How Lufsig the cuddly wolf became a Hong Kong protest symbol – A short lesson in the art of mistranslating names into Chinese." {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161130153502/http://www.newstatesman.com/business/2013/12/how-lufsig-cuddly-wolf-became-hong-kong-protest-symbol |date=November 30, 2016 }} The New Statesman.
14. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.spiegel.de/international/zeitgeist/controversial-brand-name-german-firm-wins-right-to-make-beer-called-fucking-hell-a-686305.html |title=Controversial Brand Name: German Firm Wins Right to Make Beer Called 'Fucking Hell' |work=Der Spiegel |date=2010-03-29 |accessdate=2013-01-04}}
15. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.neowin.net/news/dell-peju-windows-tablet-breaks-cover|title=Dell 'Peju' Windows tablet breaks cover|last=Andy Weir Senior News Editor Neowin @gcaweir ·|website=Neowin|language=en|access-date=2019-03-05}}
16. ^{{Cite web|url=https://gizmodo.com/dells-10-inch-sperm-tablet-will-run-windows-7-5819985|title=Dell's 10-inch Sperm Tablet Will Run Windows 7|last=Opam|first=Kwame|website=Gizmodo|language=en-US|access-date=2019-03-05}}
17. ^{{Cite web|url=https://inet.detik.com/consumer/d-1686759/ini-dia-asal-usul-nama-dell-peju|title=Ini Dia Asal Usul Nama Dell Peju|website=detikinet|language=id|access-date=2019-03-05}}
18. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.techinasia.com/dell-peju-leaks|title=Tech in Asia - Connecting Asia's startup ecosystem|website=www.techinasia.com|language=en-US|access-date=2019-03-05}}
19. ^{{Cite news |author=Nelson, Dean |title=India’s Jewish community condemn 'Hitler' clothes shop |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/history/world-war-two/9505660/Indias-Jewish-community-condemn-Hitler-clothes-shop.html |newspaper=Daily Telegraph |date=August 29, 2012 |accessdate=August 30, 2012 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6AIsliJ2K?url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/history/world-war-two/9505660/Indias-Jewish-community-condemn-Hitler-clothes-shop.html |archivedate=August 30, 2012 |deadurl=no |df= }}
20. ^{{cite web|url=http://adland.tv/node/119924 |title=Game over, here are the Ad Trivia Quiz answers |publisher=adland.tv |date=2005-04-08 |accessdate=2014-07-29}}
21. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.snopes.com/business/misxlate/ancestor.asp |title=Pepsi Brings Back Ancestors |publisher=snopes.com |date= |accessdate=2014-07-29}}
22. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.foxnews.com/story/2007/05/12/fast-facts-slogans-that-have-been-lost-in-translation/ |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2014-11-08 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141217095252/http://www.foxnews.com/story/2007/05/12/fast-facts-slogans-that-have-been-lost-in-translation/ |archivedate=2014-12-17 |df= }}
23. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cliffsnotes.com/more-subjects/principles-of-management/management-in-a-global-environment/the-international-environment |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2014-11-08 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150510163711/http://www.cliffsnotes.com/more-subjects/principles-of-management/management-in-a-global-environment/the-international-environment |archivedate=2015-05-10 |df= }}
24. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.snopes.com/cokelore/tadpole.asp |title=Bite the Wax Tadpole |publisher=snopes.com |date= |accessdate=2014-07-29}}
25. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.snopes.com/business/misxlate/nova.asp |title=Nova Don't Go |publisher=snopes.com |date= |accessdate=2014-07-29}}
26. ^{{cite web|url=http://auto.lapresse.ca/actualites/201109/12/01-4442047-la-buick-lacrosse-un-nom-pas-dallure.php |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2015-01-06 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161219194600/http://auto.lapresse.ca/actualites/201109/12/01-4442047-la-buick-lacrosse-un-nom-pas-dallure.php |archivedate=2016-12-19 |df= }}
27. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.slate.com/articles/business/ad_report_card/2003/04/pumas_problem.html |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2013-02-19 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160326020938/http://www.slate.com/articles/business/ad_report_card/2003/04/pumas_problem.html |archivedate=2016-03-26 |df= }} Puma's ProblemThe racy photo that's got a sneaker company steamed
28. ^Fake Puma Ad Mystery Solved {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140704105028/http://www.museumofhoaxes.com/hoax/weblog/permalink/fake_puma_ad_mystery_solved |date=July 4, 2014 }}
29. ^The Ice Cream For Pedophiles {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304064612/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/paul-krassner/the-ice-cream-for-pedophi_b_19715.html |date=March 4, 2016 }}
30. ^‘Lickable’ Breyers Ad {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140705165109/http://www.museumofhoaxes.com/hoax/weblog/comments/lickable_breyers_ad |date=July 5, 2014 }}
31. ^Sexually Explicit PUMA Ads Are Fake, Company Says {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160907013218/http://urbanlegends.about.com/library/bl-an031203.htm |date=September 7, 2016 }}

External links

  • Marketing 101 and Mistranslations - urban legends about marketing blunders (real and false) from Snopes
{{DEFAULTSORT:Brand Blunder}}

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