| 词条 | Brian Howe (politician) |
| 释义 |
| honorific-prefix = The Reverend and Honourable | name = Brian Howe | honorific-suffix = AO | image = Second Keating Cabinet 1994 (cropped Howe).jpg | caption = Howe in 1994 | office = 8th Deputy Prime Minister of Australia | term_start = 3 June 1991 | primeminister = Bob Hawke Paul Keating | term_end = 20 June 1995 | predecessor = Paul Keating | successor = Kim Beazley | office1 = Deputy Leader of the Labor Party | term_start1 = 3 June 1991 | term_end1 = 20 June 1995 | leader1 = Bob Hawke Paul Keating | predecessor1 = Paul Keating | successor1 = Kim Beazley | office2 = Minister for Regional Development | term_start2 = 25 March 1994 | term_end2 = 11 March 1996 |primeminister2 = Paul Keating | predecessor2 = Peter Cook | successor2 = John Sharp | office3 = Minister for Local Government | term_start3 = 24 March 1993 | term_end3 = 25 March 1994 |primeminister3 = Paul Keating | predecessor3 = David Simmons | successor3 = Warwick Smith | office4 = Minister for Housing | term_start4 = 7 May 1990 | term_end4 = 11 March 1996 |primeminister4 = Bob Hawke Paul Keating | predecessor4 = Peter Staples | office5 = Minister for Community Services | term_start5 = 4 April 1990 | term_end5 = 25 March 1994 |primeminister5 = Bob Hawke Paul Keating | predecessor5 = Neal Blewett | successor5 = Carmen Lawrence | office6 = Minister for Health | term_start6 = 4 April 1990 | term_end6 = 24 March 1993 |primeminister6 = Bob Hawke Paul Keating | predecessor6 = Neal Blewett | successor6 = Graham Richardson | office7 = Minister for Social Security | term_start7 = 13 December 1984 | term_end7 = 4 April 1990 |primeminister7 = Bob Hawke | predecessor7 = Don Grimes | successor7 = Graham Richardson | office8 = Minister for Defence Support | term_start8 = 11 March 1983 | term_end8 = 13 December 1984 |primeminister8 = Bob Hawke | predecessor8 = Ian Viner | constituency_MP9 = Batman | parliament9 = Australian | predecessor9 = Horrie Garrick | successor9 = Martin Ferguson | term_start9 = 10 December 1977 | term_end9 = 29 January 1996 | birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1936|1|23}} | birth_place = Melbourne | death_date = | death_place = | nationality = Australian | spouse = | party = Labor | relations = | children = | residence = | alma_mater = University of Melbourne | occupation = Politician, Christian minister | profession = | religion = Methodist Church of Australasia Uniting Church | signature = | website = | footnotes = }} Brian Leslie Howe AO (born 23 January 1936) is a retired Australian politician and Uniting Church minister. He served as Deputy Prime Minister of Australia and deputy leader of the Labor Party from 1991 to 1995, under Bob Hawke and Paul Keating. He was a government minister continuously from 1983 to 1996, and a member of the House of Representatives from 1977 to 1996, representing the Division of Batman in Victoria. Early lifeHowe was born in Melbourne. He grew up in the suburb of Malvern and attended Melbourne High School, going on to complete a Bachelor of Arts and a diploma in criminology at the University of Melbourne. He later moved to the United States to study at McCormick Theological Seminary in Chicago. Howe was the minister at a Methodist church in Fitzroy from 1961 to 1969, while lecturing part-time in sociology.[1] PoliticsHowe was elected to the House of Representatives at the 1977 federal election, representing the northern Melbourne metropolitan electoral Division of Batman. He defeated the incumbent Horrie Garrick for Labor preselection in a hard-fought preselection contest.[2] It was reportedly the first occasion on which an incumbent Victorian Labor MP in a safe seat was defeated for preselection.[3] A member of the Socialist Left faction of the Labor Party, Howe was Minister for Defence Support in the government of Bob Hawke from 1983. In 1984 he became Minister for Social Security and carried out various radical reforms to Australia's welfare system.[4] Howe appeared to face significant opposition within his electorate in 1988, when up to 60 members of the Greek Westgarth branch of the ALP defected to join the Australian Democrats. One of the defectors, tram-conductor George Gogas, contested Batman as a Democrat candidate in 1990, but polled only 12.9 per cent of the vote.[5] After the 1990 election Howe was appointed to the post of Minister for Community Services and Health. When Paul Keating resigned from the cabinet in 1991, Howe succeeded him as Deputy Prime Minister. He became Minister for Health, Housing and Community Services in the Keating government in December 1991, dropping the health part of the portfolio in 1993. In June 1995 he resigned as Deputy Prime Minister and was succeeded by Kim Beazley. He remained in the House of Representatives until the 1996 election. Howe's last months in the Deputy PM's role were marked by speculation that his successor would be, not Beazley, but Carmen Lawrence, the erstwhile Premier of Western Australia. At the time Lawrence enjoyed considerable popularity, and there were those in the ALP who hoped that with her as Deputy PM, the Keating government (then doing badly in the opinion polls) would benefit. This hope was dashed when Lawrence herself became the subject of a royal commission around the time Howe left the post, although she denied that the royal commission had been her reason for not seeking out the job. Kim Beazley was eventually elected as his successor.[6][7] Later lifeFollowing Howe's departure from parliament, the ACTU commissioned him to chair their inquiry into insecure work. In this capacity he has spoken widely about the issue to the media and addressed the National Press Club.[8] As well as being active concerning employment-related matters, Howe is a member of the Patrons Council of the Epilepsy Foundation of Victoria. HonoursHowe was appointed a Member of the Order of Australia in January 2001,[9] and promoted to Officer level (AO) in January 2008.[10] Notes1. ^{{cite news|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/127531896|title=Long Howe innings had had success|publisher=The Canberra Times|date=21 June 1995}} {{S-start}}{{S-off}}{{S-bef| before=Paul Keating}}{{S-ttl| title=Deputy Prime Minister of Australia | years=1991–1995}}{{S-aft| after=Kim Beazley}}{{S-bef| before=Ian Viner}}{{S-ttl| title= Minister for Defence Support| years=1983–1984 }}{{S-aft| after= Ros Kelly }}{{S-bef| before=Don Grimes }}{{S-ttl| title=Minister for Social Security | years=1984–1990}}{{S-aft| after= Graham Richardson }}{{S-bef| rows=2 | before= Neal Blewett (community2. ^Lyle Allan (1978), "Ethnic Politics – Migrant Organization and the Victorian ALP", Ethnic Studies Vol. 2, No. 2, p. 27. 3. ^{{cite news|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/110831899|title=Upset in ALP pre-selection in Victoria|publisher=The Canberra Times|date=25 October 1976}} 4. ^{{cite web | title =Biography for Howe, the Hon. Brian Leslie | publisher =Parliament of Australia | work =ParlInfo Web | url =http://parlinfoweb.aph.gov.au/piweb/view_document.aspx?id=7982&table=BIOGS | accessdate =22 November 2007 | deadurl =yes | archiveurl =https://web.archive.org/web/20070915115000/http://parlinfoweb.aph.gov.au/piweb/view_document.aspx?TABLE=biogs&ID=7982 | archivedate =15 September 2007 | df =dmy-all }} 5. ^Ainsley Symons (2012), "The Democrats and Local Government. Were they ever a threat to the ALP?" in Recorder (Australian Society for the Study of Labour History, Melbourne Branch) No. 274, Page 7. 6. ^https://www.greenleft.org.au/content/loose-cannons-117 7. ^https://www.businessnews.com.au/article/WA-this-week-10-years-ago-8 8. ^http://www.smh.com.au/national/poverty-danger-in-jobs-divide-says-howe-20120418-1x7ny.html 9. ^It’s an Honour: AM 10. ^It’s an Honour: AO services and health) Peter Staples (housing) }}{{S-ttl| title = Minister for Community Services and Health | years= 1990–1991 }}{{S-aft| rows=2 | after= Graham Richardson health }}{{S-ttl| title = Minister for Health, Housing and Community Services | years=1991–1993 }}{{S-bef| rows=2 | before= David Simmons local government }}{{S-ttl|title= Minister for Housing, Local Government and Community Services |years=1993–1994}}{{S-aft| rows=2 | after= Carmen Lawrence human services John Sharp regional development }}{{S-ttl| title= Minister for Housing and Regional Development | years=1994–1996 }}{{S-par| au}}{{S-bef| before=Horrie Garrick }}{{S-ttl| title=Member for Batman | years=1977–96 }}{{S-aft| after=Martin Ferguson }}{{S-ppo}}{{S-bef| before=Paul Keating }}{{S-ttl| title=Deputy Leader of the Australian Labor Party | years=1991–95 }}{{S-aft| after=Kim Beazley }}{{S-end}}{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2010}}{{First Keating Ministry}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Howe, Brian}} 12 : 1936 births|Living people|Deputy Prime Ministers of Australia|Australian Labor Party members of the Parliament of Australia|Members of the Cabinet of Australia|Politicians from Melbourne|Uniting Church in Australia ministers|Members of the Australian House of Representatives for Batman|Members of the Australian House of Representatives|Officers of the Order of Australia|20th-century Australian politicians|Former government ministers of Australia |
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