“Bridgemere”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Bridgemere is a village (at {{gbmappingsmall|SJ717454}}) and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. It is around {{convert|7|mi|km}} south east of Nantwich and {{convert|12|mi|km}} west of Stoke-on-Trent. The southern boundary of the parish is on the border with Shropshire. The civil parish also includes the small settlements of Admiral's Gorse, Parrah Green, Prince Hill, Seven Stars and Wheel Green.^[1] The total population is a little under 150. Nearby towns include Crewe in Cheshire, Market Drayton and Whitchurch in Shropshire, and villages include Blakenhall, Buerton and Hankelow in Cheshire, Madeley, Staffordshire and Woore, Shropshire.

History

Bridgemere was originally a township in the ancient parish of Wybunbury in the Nantwich Hundred.^[1] During the medieval period, it had an iron foundry.^[2]

One of the two major coaching roads in Cheshire ran from London via Bridgemere to Nantwich, Chester and on to Holyhead in Wales; it became one of the first turnpike roads in the county in 1743. A coach service between London and Chester ran three times a week from 1657, taking four days over the journey; by 1780, a daily service ran from London to Holyhead, and from 1784 the mail coach used the road. The road was improved after 1810, but its use dwindled after 1820 with the coming of the railways.^[3] Bridgemere parish had three inns in 1765, one of which was named the Holly Bush. By 1801, there was only a single inn, which had closed by 1821.^[4]

On 28 October 1944, during World War II, a Wellington bomber from RAF Chipping Warden in Oxfordshire crashed at Prince Hill on a training exercise. A memorial to the six airmen who died in the crash was dedicated in 2003.^[5]

In 1972, {{convert|30|acre|m2}} of land near Bridgemere Hall were landscaped and stocked with waterfowl to form Bridgemere Wildlife Park. The park expanded into a zoo before its closure in 1992.^[2]^[6]

Governance

Bridgemere is administered by Doddington and District Parish Council, which also includes the parishes of Blakenhall, Checkley cum Wrinehill, Doddington, Hunsterson and Lea.^[7] From 1974 the civil parish was served by Crewe and Nantwich Borough Council, which was succeeded on 1 April 2009 by the new unitary authority of Cheshire East.^[8] Bridgemere falls in the parliamentary constituency of Crewe and Nantwich,^[9] which has been represented by Edward Timpson since a by-election in 2008.

Geography and transport

The civil parish has a total area of {{convert|1130|acre|ha}}.^[10] The terrain is gently undulating, with high points of 110 metres at {{gbmappingsmall|SJ720447}} south of Admiral's Gorse and 102 metres at Prince Hill ({{gbmappingsmall|SJ717434}}). The area is predominantly rural, with the major land use being agricultural. There are several small areas of woodland within the parish, including Acorn Coppice, Lea's Wood, Harrow's Wood, Threeper's Drumble and part of Shaw's Rough. Forge Brook and several other unnamed brooks run through the parish, and there are many scattered small meres and ponds.^[11]^[12] A small area of Doddington Park, including part of Doddington Pool, falls within the civil parish north of Hunterson Road. Landscaped in the 18th century by Capability Brown, the park is listed at grade II by the National Register of Historic Parks and Gardens.^[13]^[14]

The A51 trunk road runs north–south through the civil parish. Hunterson Road (Bridgemere Lane) runs east–west towards the north of the parish, and Dingle Lane runs southwards from Hunterson Road; the village is centred on the junction of the two lanes.^[11]^[12]

Demographics

In 2006, the total population of the civil parish was estimated as 130.^[10] The 2001 census recorded a population of 133 in 49 households,^[15] the population increasing to 148 at the 2011 Census.^[16] The historical population figures for the parish were 125 (1664), 230 (1801), 233 (1821), 220 (1851), 149 (1901) and 141 (1951).^[1]^[17]

Bridgemere Garden World

Bridgemere Garden World is on the A51 about 2 km south of the village. With a total area of {{convert|52|ha|acre|sigfig=2}}, it is one of the largest garden centres in Europe, and receives around 1.8 million annual visitors.^[24]^[18]^[19] The garden centre sells over five thousand plant varieties, most of which are grown locally, as well as garden furniture and accessories.^[19] A {{convert|7|acre|m2|adj=on}} display garden dating from around 1985 is open to the public free of charge. Designed to inspire amateur gardeners, it is composed of more than twenty separate gardens, including English country, Victorian, Mediterranean, woodland, water, rose and patio gardens. The display also includes recreations of prize-winning gardens from the Tatton Park and Chelsea Flower Shows, as well as the garden in which the 1993 television series Gardener's Diary was filmed.^[19]^[20] Other facilities include a restaurant and coffee shop.^[21]

It was founded in 1961 as a small rose nursery with three employees, described as "a little garden shed in a small field".^[2]^[18]^[22] By 1990, the garden centre employed 140 people and included {{convert|25|acre|m2}} of plant displays, as well as the largest collection of house plants in Europe.^[2] Founder John Ravenscroft holds the Royal Horticultural Society Veitch Memorial Medal and was awarded the RHS Victoria Medal of Honour in 2008.^[22]^[23] He also won a lifetime achievement award from Garden Retail in 2007.^[24]

In 2006, Bridgemere Garden World was acquired for £15 million by Wyevale Garden Centres. Wyevale announced plans in 2008 to demolish the existing buildings and redevelop the site.^[25]

Other landmarks

Bridgemere Wesleyan Methodist Chapel was built in 1831.^[1] Bridgemere Hall ({{gbmappingsmall|SJ716455}}) is a 19th-century mansion on Hunterson Road.^[2] An RAF war memorial is located by the A51 at {{gbmappingsmall|SJ721446}}.^[26]

Education

Bridgemere Church of England Primary School is located on Bridgemere Lane at {{gbmappingsmall|SJ713456}}, and serves the civil parish of Bridgemere as well as the adjacent parishes of Hunsterson and Checkley cum Wrinehill.^[27]^[28] Bridgemere falls within the catchment area of Brine Leas High School in Nantwich.^[29]

References

1. ^¹²³Genuki: Bridgemere (accessed 30 January 2009)
2. ^¹²³⁴Cheshire Federation of Women's Institutes. The Cheshire Village Book pp. 38–41 (Countryside Books & CFWI; 1990) ({{ISBN|1-85306-075-5}})
3. ^Sylvester, Dorothy. A History of Cheshire (2nd edn), pp. 83–84 (Phillimore; 1980) ({{ISBN|0-85033-384-9}})
4. ^MacGregor, A.J. The Alehouses and Alehouse-keepers of Cheshire 1629–1828, pp. 84, 89 (Caupona Publications; 1992)
5. ^Remembering airmen who perished on Cheshire soil. Chester Chronicle – Cheshire Memories 18 April 2008 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111006092555/http://blogs.chesterchronicle.co.uk/cheshire-memories/2008/04/remembering-airmen-who-perishe.html |date=6 October 2011 }} (accessed 30 January 2009)
6. ^Zoo History UK: Bridgemere Wildlife Park {{dead link|date=January 2017|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} (accessed 30 January 2009)
7. ^Doddington and District Parish Council Official Web Site {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929092219/http://parish.cheshire.gov.uk/doddington/Index.htm |date=29 September 2007 }} (accessed 18 August 2007)
8. ^Cheshire (Structural Changes) Order 2008 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090517000027/http://www.opsi.gov.uk/si/si2008/uksi_20080634_en_2#pt2-l1g3 |date=17 May 2009 }}
9. ^Cheshire County Council: Interactive Mapping: Crewe and Nantwich (accessed 27 January 2009)
10. ^¹Crewe & Nantwich Borough Council: Parish Statistics (downloaded from ; 5 April 2010)
11. ^¹Cheshire County Council: Interactive Mapping: Bridgemere (accessed 30 January 2009)
12. ^¹Ordnance Survey Explorer 257: Crewe & Nantwich
13. ^Cheshire County Council: Interactive Mapping: Doddington Park (Grade II, 173.73ha) (accessed 30 January 2009)
14. ^Parks & Gardens UK: Doddington Park, (also known as Doddington Hall, Nantwich), Nantwich, England {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111002112540/http://www.parksandgardens.ac.uk/component/option%2Ccom_parksandgardens/task%2Csite/id%2C1095/tab%2Csummary/Itemid%2C293/ |date=2 October 2011 }} (accessed 30 January 2009)
15. ^Neighbourhood Statistics: Bridgemere CP (accessed 30 January 2009)
16. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadKeyFigures.do?a=7&b=11121167&c=Bridgemere&d=16&e=62&g=6407969&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1458144314937&enc=1|title=Civil Parish population 2011|accessdate=16 March 2016|publisher=Office for National Statistics|work=Neighbourhood Statistics}}
17. ^MacGregor, p. 84
18. ^¹[https://www.independent.co.uk/money/invest-save/whos-the-pick-of-the-bunch-in-the-garden-centre-world-723587.html Sampson, Katie. Who's the pick of the bunch in the garden centre world? Independent (22 March 2000)] (accessed 30 January 2009)
19. ^¹²European Garden Heritage Network: Bridgemere Garden World: Prologue {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723103415/http://cmsen.eghn.org/etpg-bridgemere-prolog.html |date=23 July 2011 }} & The Garden {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081121030818/http://cmsen.eghn.org/etpg-bridgemere-garten.html |date=21 November 2008 }} (accessed 30 January 2009)
20. ^Garden of delights Crewe Chronicle (3 May 2006) {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716170329/http://www.ellesmereportpioneer.co.uk/ellesmere-port-news/local-ellesmere-port-news/2006/05/03/garden-of-delights-55940-17025516/ |date=16 July 2011 }} (accessed 30 January 2009)
21. ^Bridgemere Nursery & Garden World: Welcome to Bridgemere (accessed 30 January 2009)
22. ^¹Royal Horticultural Society: General news (July 2006){{dead link|date=November 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} (accessed 30 January 2009)
23. ^Royal Horticultural Society: RHS awards {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202074133/http://rhs.org.uk/About/awardsnominations.htm |date=2 February 2009 }} (accessed 30 January 2009)
24. ^Horticulture Week: Celebrating the best of the retail sector (15 November 2007){{dead link|date=November 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} (accessed 30 January 2009)
25. ^¹Horticulture Week: Wyevale to flatten Bridgemere Garden world in makeover (1 October 2008){{dead link|date=November 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} (accessed 30 January 2009)
26. ^[https://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/147184 Geograph: Memorial to the Airmen who died when their plane disintegrated on 28 October 1944] (accessed 30 January 2009)
27. ^[https://www.webarchive.org.uk/wayback/archive/20090318210943/http://www.cheshire.gov.uk/EducationAndLearning/SchoolsSearch/Details.aspx?DfES=3543 Cheshire County Council: My School: Bridgemere Church of England Primary School] (accessed 30 January 2009)
28. ^Cheshire County Council: Interactive Mapping: Bridgemere Church of England Primary School (accessed 30 January 2009)
29. ^Cheshire County Council: Interactive Mapping: Brine Leas High School (accessed 30 January 2009)