| 词条 | Bristol Bullfinch | |||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Bristol Bullfinch was an experimental British military aircraft first flown in 1922. Variants were built as both parasol wing monoplanes and biplanes, but both versions proved unsuccessful, and only the three prototypes were built. DevelopmentThe Bullfinch was designed by Frank Barnwell, chief designer of the Bristol Aeroplane Company, as a parasol-wing monoplane single-seat fighter, which was convertible to a two-seat biplane, thus meeting the requirements of the Royal Air Force for both a single-seat interceptor fighter and a two-seat reconnaissance-fighter. The potential cost savings associated with this concept, which was planned to be powered by the Jupiter engine, the rights to which Bristol had just acquired from the bankrupt Cosmos Engineering, interested the Air Ministry, who wrote a specification (Specification 2/21) around Barnwell's proposed design, and ordered three prototypes in June 1921.[1] The Bullfinch monoplane, or Type 52 Bullfinch Mk I, was a cantilever parasol monoplane with a welded steel tube fuselage. The wing was in two halves, joined at the aircraft centreline, with each half tapering from maximum thickness at half span to both the wing root and tips.[2] The wing was wooden on the prototypes, but was planned to be of metal construction for any subsequent production aircraft. To produce the two-seat fighter-reconnaissance version, the Type 53 Bullfinch Mk II, an extra fuselage bay was added aft of the pilot containing a cockpit for the observer, and a cantilever bottom wing attached which compensated for the shift in centre of gravity resulting from the weight of the observer and the lengthened fuselage. The first prototype, a Type 52 monoplane, flew on 6 November 1922, with the second prototype, also a monoplane, flying in May 1923.[1] After first flying as a monoplane, the third prototype was converted to the biplane configuration, flying in that configuration on 17 March 1924. While the single-seater demonstrated reasonable performance, the two-seater was overweight, and proved incapable of carrying the required military load.[2] No further production occurred. Variants
Single-seat parasol monoplane. Two built.
Two-seat biplane derivative. One built Operators
Specifications (Bullfinch I){{Aircraft specs|ref=Bristol Aircraft Since 1910 [2] |prime units?=imp
(Bullfinch II): {{convert|120|mph|kn km/h|abbr=on}} at {{convert|15000|ft|m|abbr=on}} |max speed mach= |cruise speed kmh= |cruise speed mph= |cruise speed kts= |cruise speed note= |stall speed kmh= |stall speed mph= |stall speed kts= |stall speed note= |never exceed speed kmh= |never exceed speed mph= |never exceed speed kts= |never exceed speed note= |minimum control speed kmh= |minimum control speed mph= |minimum control speed kts= |minimum control speed note= |range km= |range miles= |range nmi= |range note= |combat range km= |combat range miles= |combat range nmi= |combat range note= |ferry range km= |ferry range miles= |ferry range nmi= |ferry range note= |endurance=4 hours |ceiling m= |ceiling ft=22000 |ceiling note= (Bullfinch II): {{convert|18000|ft|m|abbr=on}} |climb rate ms= |climb rate ftmin= |climb rate note= |time to altitude= |lift to drag= |wing loading kg/m2= |wing loading lb/sqft=12 |wing loading note= (Bullfinch II): 10.5 lb/sqft (51.27 kg/m²) |fuel consumption kg/km= |fuel consumption lb/mi= |power/mass= |thrust/weight= |more performance=
(Bullfinch II): 1 × {{convert|.303|in|mm|abbr=on|1}} Lewis Gun on a Scarff ring in the rear cockpit. |avionics= }} References1. ^1 {{Cite book|author=Mason, Francis K|title=The British Fighter since 1912|publisher=Naval Institute Press|year=1992|isbn= 1-55750-082-7}} 2. ^1 2 {{Cite book |author=Barnes, C.H.|title=Bristol Aircraft Since 1910 |edition =1st |publisher=Putnam |location= London|year=1964 }} External links{{commons category|Bristol Bullfinch}}
8 : British fighter aircraft 1920–1929|British military reconnaissance aircraft 1920–1929|Bristol Aeroplane Company aircraft|Cancelled military aircraft projects of the United Kingdom|Parasol-wing aircraft|Biplanes|Single-engined tractor aircraft|Aircraft first flown in 1922 |
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