| 词条 | British G-class submarine | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Royal Navy's G-class of diesel/electric submarines were launched between 1914 and 1917, and intended for operations in the North Sea and German Bight in World War I against German U-boats. DescriptionThe G-class submarines were designed by the Admiralty in response to a rumour that the Germans were building double-hulled submarines for overseas duties. The submarines had a partial double hull, a length of {{convert|187|ft|1|in|m|1}} overall, a beam of {{convert|22|ft|8|in|m|1}} and a mean draft of {{convert|13|ft|4|in|m|1}}. They displaced {{convert|703|LT|t}} on the surface and {{convert|837|LT|t}} submerged. However, the design offered little improvement in practice, the ships being notoriously slow to dive.[1][2] . Most of the class had their bows raised during the war to increase buoyancy and improve seakeeping. For surface running, the boats were nearly all powered by two {{convert|800|bhp|lk=in|0|adj=on}} Vickers two-stroke eight-cylinder diesel engines, each driving one propeller shaft; G14 was initially powered by FIAT diesels, but these proved unsuccessful, and were replaced by the standard Vickers engines. It was originally intended to fit more efficient four-stroke MAN and Sulzer diesels to some of the class, but the outbreak of hostilities rendered such plans impossible.[3][4] When submerged each propeller was driven by a {{convert|420|hp|0|adj=on}} electric motor. They could reach {{convert|14.25|kn|lk=in}} on the surface and {{convert|9|kn}} underwater. On the surface, the G class had a range of {{convert|2400|nmi|lk=in}} at full speed.[5] The boats were originally intended to be armed with one 21-inch (53.3 cm) torpedo tube in the bow and two 18-inch (45 cm) torpedo tubes on the beam. This specification was revised while they were under construction, the 21-inch tube moved to the stern and two additional 18-inch tubes added in the bow; they carried two 21-inch and eight 18-inch torpedoes. The G-class was also armed with a single {{convert|3|in|cm|1|adj=on}} deck gun.[5] The G-class submarines had a crew of 30 officers and other ranks.[5] BoatsA total of 14 boats were built at four yards: G1 to G5 by Chatham Dockyard, G6 & G7 by Armstrong Whitworth, G8 to G13 by Vickers, and G14 by Scott's on the Clyde. G15 was ordered from Samuel White's yard at Cowes, Isle of Wight, but cancelled.[6]
Notes1. ^Arthur, M. (1997). Lost voices of the Royal Navy, p.84. Hodder & Stoughton Ltd, London. {{ISBN|0-340-83814-0}} 2. ^Yorkshire-divers.com {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718143233/http://www.yorkshire-divers.com/forums/wreck-diving/54555-submarine-wreck-howick.html |date=18 July 2011 }} 3. ^Friedman, N. (2014). Fighting the Great War at sea, p.258. Seaforth Publishing. {{ISBN|978-1-84832-189-2}} 4. ^http://www.rnsubs.co.uk/Boats/BoatDB2/index.php?id=2&BoatID=155&flag=class{{dead link|date=November 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 5. ^1 2 Gardiner & Gray, p. 90 6. ^www.rnsubmus.co.uk References
External links{{Commonscat-inline|British G class submarines}}{{British G class submarine}}{{WWIBritishShips}}{{DEFAULTSORT:British G Class Submarine}} 2 : Submarine classes|British G-class submarines |
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