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词条 British Rail Class 395
释义

  1. History

     Background  Maintenance Depots and Training  Testing and Preview Service 

  2. Operations and Performance

  3. Design

  4. Named units

  5. Fleet details

  6. Accidents

  7. See also

  8. Notes

  9. References

     Sources 

  10. External links

{{EngvarB|date=July 2017}}{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2018}}{{Infobox train
| background =
| name = British Rail Class 395 Javelin
| image = 395028 at Sevington (1).jpg
| imagealt =
| imagesize = 300px
| caption = 395028 at Sevington in 2012
| interiorimage = 395014 MSO Interior.jpg
| interiorimagealt =
| interiorcaption = The interior of a Class 395 Javelin
| service = 2009{{endash}}present[1][2]
| manufacturer = Hitachi
| factory = Kasado factory, Yamaguchi, Japan[3]
| family = A Train
| replaced =
| yearconstruction = 2007{{endash}}2009
| yearservice ={{start date|2009|06|29|df=yes}}[1][2]
| refurbishment =
| yearscrapped =
| numberbuilt = 29 trainsets
| numberservice = 29 trainsets
| numberpreserved =
| numberscrapped =
| formation = 6 cars per trainset
DPT1+MS1+MS2+MS3+MS4+DPT2{{#tag:ref|DPT "Driving Pantograph Trailer" , MS "Motor Standard".[6] Also referred to as DPTSO (Driving Pantograph Trailer Second Open) and MSO (Motor Second Open) respectively|group="note"|name="formation"}}
| fleetnumbers = 395001–395029
| capacity = 340 seats + 12 tip up[7]
| operator = Southeastern
| depots = {{unbulleted list|Ashford Depot|Ramsgate Depot}}
| lines = {{unbulleted list|HS1|Ashford to Ramsgate line|Chatham main line|Kent Coast line|South Eastern main line}}
| carbody = Aluminium
| trainlength = {{cvt|121.3|m|ftin}}
| carlength = PDTSO - {{cvt|20.88|m|ftin}} [1]
| width = {{cvt|2.81|m|ftin|frac=8}}
| height = {{cvt|3.817|m|ftin|frac=8|}}
| floorheight = {{cvt|1.235|m|ftin|frac=8}}
| platformheight =
| entrylevelorstep =
| doors =
| art-sections =
| maxspeed = {{unbulleted list|AC operation: {{cvt|140|mph|0}}|DC operation: {{cvt|100|mph}}|Record: {{convert|157|mph|abbr=on}}}}
| weight = {{convert|265|t|abbr=on}} (empty)
| axleload =
| acceleration = 1.6 mph per second ({{cvt|0.70|m/s2}})
| deceleration = 2.0 mph per second ({{cvt|0.90|m/s2}})
2.7 mph/second ({{cvt|1.20|m/s2}}) (emergency)
| traction = EMU
| traction motors = 16 x {{cvt|210|kW}}
| poweroutput =
| aux = 3 x {{cvt|110|kW}}
3-phase AC + 110 V DC)
| powersupply =
| hvac =
| electricsystem = {{25 kV 50 Hz}} overhead lines,
750 V DC third rail
| collectionmethod = {{unbulleted list|Pantograph (AC)|Contact shoe (DC)}}
| uicclass = 2'2'-Bo'Bo'-Bo'Bo'-Bo'Bo'-Bo'Bo'-2'2'
| aarwheels =
| bogies =
| wheelbase = {{cvt|2.6|m|ftin}} (bogies)
| brakes = electropneumatic
| safety = TVM430, AWS, TPWS, KVB
| coupling =
| multipleworking =
| gauge = {{Track gauge|sg|allk=on}}
| notes = Sources:[2][11] except where noted
}}

The British Rail Class 395 Javelin[3] is a dual-voltage electric multiple unit (EMU) built for high-speed commuter services on High Speed 1 and elsewhere on the Integrated Kent Franchise.

The six-car trains were built in Japan by Hitachi and operate at a maximum speed of {{convert|140|mph|0|abbr=on}} under 25 kV AC overhead electrification on High Speed 1, and {{convert|100|mph|abbr=on}} on 750 V DC third rail supply on conventional lines.

The use of the high-speed trains as part of the transport infrastructure for the Olympic Park formed part of the original bid for the 2012 Summer Olympics.[4][5] The service was named the Olympic Javelin Shuttle, and was the origin for the Javelin nickname.[6] The Olympic services began 28 July 2012.[7]

History

Background

In December 2003, formal approval was given to run domestic services on the planned Channel Tunnel Rail Link (CTRL, now known as High Speed 1, or HS1) in Kent, England.[8] Preliminary consultations for a new franchise including then CTRL, and for rolling stock to operate the 'CTRL Domestic' services were to begin in 2004.[9] In 2005 the proposed high-speed services were combined with those from the former South Eastern rail franchise to form the Integrated Kent franchise (IKF).[10]

In October 2004, Hitachi was announced as the preferred bidder to supply high-speed trains for the CTRL services,[11][12][13] and in June 2005 the £250 million contract was signed with Hitachi Europe Ltd as supplier of 28 trainsets, with HSBC Rail acting as the financier (ROSCO), and with an expected service date of 2009.[14] In November 2005 the Department for Transport announced Govia as the new operator of the IKF.[15]

The contract was Hitachi's first rail vehicle sold to a European customer.{{sfn|Gomersall|2005}}{{sfn|Kawasaki|Yamaguchi|Mochida|2008}} It had previously worked with HSBC Rail and UK rail authorities between 2002 and 2003 to demonstrate the suitability and conformance of Hitachi's traction system with the UK rail network, including test of the use of AC induction motors, and Electromagnetic compatibility tests.[16][17]

Construction of the CTRL (High Speed 1) was complete in November 2007. By 2008, the initially planned 'CTRL Domestic' services (2003) from London St Pancras to Gravesend, and Canterbury West and Folkestone Central, via Ashford, had been expanded in scope to include services to Medway Towns, East Kent and Dover.[18]

A twenty-ninth train was added to the order agreement by franchise holder Southeastern to provide additional capacity.[3]

Maintenance Depots and Training

{{anchor|Ashford train depot}}

The contract for the trains included maintenance of the trains;[19] a consortium ('DEPCO') including HSBC Rail (finance), Fitzpatrick Contractors Ltd (construction), RPS Burks Green (architects/civil engineers), EMCOR UK (mechanical and electrical plant) and GrantRail (trackwork) constructed a new maintenance depot building at Ashford and the updating of the existing depot site.[20][21]

The Ashford Train Depot was formally opened on 2 October 2007,[22] constructed on the site of the Ashford Down Yard Carriage Sidings;[23][24] the facility included a five-track trainshed with bogie drop made by BBM and train lifting equipment from Mechan. A second building housed a wheel lathe from Sculfort. Other facilities included carriage washing plant, a 25 kV OHL test track, and sidings for rolling stock.[21]

A Class 395 train simulator supplied by Corys TESS was acquired for use at Southeastern's training centre in Ashford for driver training,[25] Southeastern's co-parent company SNCF also assisted with high-speed driver training.[26]

The DEPCO consortium also updated Ramsgate train depot for the IKF with facilities including storage sidings for the Class 395 trains and light maintenance facilities.[21]

Testing and Preview Service

Pre-shipping factory tests included static and dynamic load tests, traction and braking tests, including tests on a 750 V DC third-rail system specially installed at Hitachi's test track.[27]

The first train was delivered from Japan to Southampton Docks on 23 August 2007.[28] Homologation testing was undertaken by Serco,[29] SNCF International assisted with testing of KVB and TVM 430 signalling systems, with speeds of {{cvt|240|km/h|mph}} attained in January 2008.[27][30][31][32] After successful testing of four units (delivered by March 2008) shipping of the main production tranche began in December 2008.[33][34] The final three trains arrived in the UK in August 2009,[35][36][37] with the final train delivered to Southeastern on 11 December 2009.[38]

The performance metric of 4,000 miles fault-free running was achieved six months ahead of schedule, allowing a 'preview' service to be offered by June 2009 between London St Pancras and Ashford via Ebbsfleet, allowing further train testing,[39] which achieved a 99% punctuality rate in the first month of operations.[35][36][40] In September 2009 preliminary services to the Kent coast (Dover via Folkestone, and Ramsgate via Canterbury) also began.[41][42] Preview services on the North Kent line began in November 2009.[43]

In September 2010, it was reported that passengers were experiencing alarming 'wobbles' on tunnel sections. The problem was described by Southeastern as non-dangerous, and trains were fitted with dampers to prevent the problem from recurring.[44]

Operations and Performance

{{Southeastern_High_Speed_Routes}}

A full regular service commenced on 13 December 2009.[45] Initial services included a half-hourly north Kent service to and from St Pancras, London, via Stratford, Ebbsfleet, Gravesend, Strood, Rochester, Chatham, Gillingham, Rainham, and Sittingbourne to Faversham, a half-hourly service to East Kent via Stratford, Ebbsfleet, Ashford with one train continuing to Margate via Canterbury West, Ramsgate and Broadstairs, with the other to Dover via Folkestone West and Folkestone Central.[46] Seven million journeys were made in the first year of operation,[47]

The introduction of the trains was generally successful, with good reliability and passenger satisfaction figures: the new high-speed services also caused an increase in passenger numbers above that already being experienced on the Kent network.[48] On introduction timetabled journeys to London from Ebbsfleet were reduced from 51 to 18 minutes, whilst trains using the entire length of High Speed 1 (starting in Ashford) had timetabled journeys reduced by around 45 minutes.[49]

However, the service has been criticised as being of limited use to many London commuters because trains terminate at St Pancras. Additionally, the change in service patterns to accommodate high-speed trains resulted in some non-high-speed services in Kent becoming slower.[50]

In May 2011, a limited service from Maidstone West via {{stnlnk|Strood}} and {{stnlnk|Gravesend}} started.[51] followed in September 2011 by a limited service from Sandwich via Deal to London St Pancras, partially subsidised by Kent County Council.[52] In 2013, four years after the service started, total passenger numbers were ten million and punctuality was 92.6% (compared to 90.1% nationwide).[53]

From 2015, trains were operating a circular route, where one of the trains to Faversham via the Medway towns continues as a semi-fast service to Ramsgate. From here it then goes all stations via Sandwich and Deal to Dover Priory, where it then becomes the Dover Priory to St Pancras International service via Ashford International. Another service operated in the reverse direction.

In 2016, due to damage to the line between Folkestone Central and Dover Priory on Christmas Eve 2015, the High Speed services heading clockwise terminated at Ramsgate, and at Folkestone Central in the anti-clockwise direction. There was a shuttle service running between Dover Priory and Ramsgate using Main Line Trains (375/3 Electrostars) whilst repairs were carried out.{{citation needed|date=October 2017}}

The off-peak and weekend services are usually formed of 6 coaches except for the Margate service via Ashford International and Canterbury West which are usually formed of 12 coaches.

Design

{{see also|Hitachi A-train}}

The 400 Series Mini Shinkansen{{sfn|Kawasaki|Yamaguchi|Mochida| 2008|p=61}} and Hitachi's A Train design form the basis of the Class 395 design.[11] From the 400 series the class inherits the same 6-car 20 m carriage with doors at one-third and two-thirds along the carriage.{{#tag:ref| The Class 395 door positions are of the commuter type to conform with the train specification of a maximum 90-second station dwell time.[20]|group="note"|name = "doors"}} Both are designed for operations at high speed on newly built lines as well as at lower speed on conventional legacy lines.[54] Unlike the steel-bodied 400 series, the Class 395 has its carbody (walls, roof, floor) formed from friction stir welded double-walled hollow extruded aluminium body panels, a technology Hitachi considers part of its A-Train train family specification.[11][55]

The train consists of six-car units, with all axles on the middle four cars powered. The outer cars are unpowered, but mount the pantographs (giving a formation DPT1+MS1+MS2+MS3+MS4+DPT2.). The bogies are bolsterless, with both powered and unpowered bogies sharing a common design to simplify maintenance.[55] Each 6-car unit can work in multiple with another, creating 12-car trains. Coupling is automated and is designed to take less than 60 seconds.[55]{{sfn|Gomersall|2005|p=12}}

For reliability, passenger doors use a relatively simple sliding pneumatic system already in use and development for several decades on Shinkansen trains.[20][56] The brake system was supplied by Faiveley.[57] Approximately 40% of the train equipment by value was provided by European suppliers.

There are 340 seats per 6-car train, in standard class [2+2] formation, with 12 additional tip up seats in a wheelchair area. There are two toilets per unit, one of which is equipped for disabled access.[58]

The trains meet UK Railway Group Standards (RGS), and European Union Technical Specifications for Interoperability (TSI) standards for crashworthiness, and UK or EU standards for structure-load-bearing behaviour, material strength, aerodynamics, noise and fire resistance.[59]

Each train has a Train Management System (TMS), including equipment monitoring systems, communications, air-conditioning, etc., and equipment-control, including Selective Door Operation (SDO). The SDO system uses GPS and train speed integration to estimate position.[60]

Named units

A mockup 395 was named after athlete Dame Kelly Holmes: subsequently the name was transferred to an operational unit, 11 other "fast Britons" were selected in a public vote – the honoured were Jamie Staff, Steve Backley, Sir Steve Redgrave, Rebecca Adlington, Sir Chris Hoy, Ben Ainslie, Daley Thompson, Duncan Goodhew, Katherine Grainger, Lord Sebastian Coe, and Dame Tanni Grey-Thompson; all Olympic/Paralympic medalists.[61]

Following the 2012 Olympics and Paralympics, Southeastern announced that another 12 units would be named after members of Team GB, including Alistair Brownlee, Ed Clancy, Hannah Cockroft, Jessica Ennis, Mo Farah, Jason Kenny, Jonnie Peacock, Victoria Pendleton, Ellie Simmonds, Dame Sarah Storey, Laura Trott and David Weir.[62]

In November 2016, unit 395016 is named 'Somme 100' to commemorate the centenary of the Battle of the Somme.[63] Unit 395 015 was de-named after running on the Regency Javelin rail tour and it was previously named 'Live On'. Before that unit 395 014 had been named 'The Victoria Cross', which was subsequently removed when 395 015 received its name.

Fleet details

ClassOperatorNo. BuiltYear BuiltCars per SetUnit nos.
Class 395Southeastern292007–20096395001–395029

Accidents

  • At 3pm on 23 October 2017, 395008 (heading towards London St Pancras) struck a delivery van on a level crossing near Teynham between Faversham and Sittingbourne.[64]

See also

  • List of high-speed trains
  • 885 series

Notes

1. ^1 {{cite web|title=The Railway Centre - Class 395|url=http://www.railway-centre.com/class-395.html|website=The Railway Centre|accessdate=25 July 2015}}
2. ^{{harvnb|Mochida|Yamamoto|Goda|Matsushita|2010|loc =p.40, Table 1 "Key Rolling Stock Specifications"}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.hitachirail-eu.com/class-395-javelin_43.html|title=Class 395 (Javelin) {{!}} Hitachi Rail Europe|last=Ltd|first=White October|website=www.hitachirail-eu.com|access-date=5 July 2016}}
4. ^{{cite news |url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/olympics_2004/olympics_2012/3224287.stm |title= London 2012 venue: Olympic zone |date=16 January 2004 |work= BBC News |quote= London's bid team say the Olympic Park will be served by 10 train lines, including 'Olympic Javelin' bullet trains providing a link to the city centre in seven minutes.}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.london2012.com/news/articles/2007/7/20m-bullet-trains-to-serve-olympic-park.html|title=£20m bullet trains to serve Olympic Park|publisher=London 2012|date=28 October 2004 }}
6. ^{{cite news |url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/7779224.stm |title= Javelin train speeds into London |date= 12 December 2008 |work=BBC News}}
7. ^{{cite news| url = http://www.itv.com/news/update/2012-07-27/high-speed-trains-to-begin-ferrying-spectators-to-olympic-park/| title = High speed trains to ferry spectators to Olympic Park| date = 28 July 2012| publisher= ITV}}
8. ^{{cite press release |url= http://www.omegacentre.bartlett.ucl.ac.uk/ProjectProfiles/CTRL/RelatedLinks/1-1.9%20Green%20Light%20for%20High%20Speed%20Services%20for%20Kent%20Four%20Bidders%20Selected%20for%20New%20Kent%20Franchise.doc |publisher= Strategic Rail Authority |title= Green Light for High Speed Services for Kent, Four Bidders Selected for new Kent Franchise|archiveurl=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20040104233355/http://www.sra.gov.uk/news/20031222_ikf_bidders_selection.tt2|archivedate=4 January 2004 |date= 22 December 2003 }}
9. ^{{cite book |url= http://www.transecongroup.org/Transport%20Economist%2031-1.pdf |title= Commuter Services on Channel Tunnel Rail Link and the Integrated Kent Franchise (28 January 2004) |last= Clark |first= Christopher |date= Spring 2004 |pages= 7–11 |journal= Journal of the Transport Economists' Group |volume= 31 |number= 1 }}{{Dead link|date=September 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.dft.gov.uk/pgr/rail/passenger/invitationtotender/integratedkent.pdf |archive-url=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20100409101303/http://www.dft.gov.uk/pgr/rail/passenger/invitationtotender/integratedkent.pdf |dead-url=yes |archive-date=9 April 2010 |at=1.5 Scope of the IKF, p.10 |title=Integrated Kent Franchise – Invitation to Tender |publisher=Strategic Rail Authority |date=January 2005 }}
11. ^1 2 3 {{cite news |url=http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view//hitachi-preferred-for-ctrl-domestic-trains.html |title=Hitachi preferred for CTRL domestic trains |work=Railway Gazette International |date=1 December 2004 |access-date=18 July 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121004195758/http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view/hitachi-preferred-for-ctrl-domestic-trains.html |archive-date=4 October 2012 |dead-url=yes |df=dmy-all }}
12. ^{{cite web |date=29 October 2004 |url= http://www.gos.gov.uk/gol/news/newsarchive/214545/ |title= London's New bullet train |archivedate= 5 November 2005 |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20051105232229/http://www.gos.gov.uk/gol/news/newsarchive/214545/ |publisher= Government Office for London}}
13. ^{{cite press release |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20060519205026/http://www.hitachi-rail.com/rail_now/hot_topics/2004/ctrl/index.html |archivedate=19 May 2006 |date=28 October 2004 |url= http://www.hitachi-rail.com/rail_now/hot_topics/2004/ctrl/index.html |title= Hitachi wins Channel Tunnel Rail Link Contract |publisher= Hitachi}}
14. ^Sources*{{cite web|url = http://www.internationallawoffice.com/deals/detail.aspx?r=4461|title = £250 million rolling stock acquisition Hitachi Europe Ltd, HSBC Rail (UK) Ltd, Strategic Rail Authority|work = International Law Office|publisher = Globe Business Publishing|access-date = 5 January 2012|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071005201100/http://www.internationallawoffice.com/Deals/Detail.aspx?r=4461|archive-date = 5 October 2007|dead-url = yes|df = dmy-all}}*{{cite news |url= http://www.railwayherald.org/magazine/pdf/RHUK/Issue11.pdf |title= Kent high speed order placed |page= 4 |work= Railway Herald |volume= 1 |issue= 11 |date= 10 June 2005 }}{{Dead link|date=September 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}*{{cite news |url=http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view//news-in-brief-20.html |title=News in Brief |work=Railway Gazette International |date=1 July 2005 |access-date=4 August 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104135058/http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view/news-in-brief-20.html |archive-date=4 November 2012 |dead-url=yes |df=dmy-all }}*{{cite press release |date= 1 June 2005 |url= http://www.dft.gov.uk/press/releases/sra/2005/20051/250millioncontractsignedforn1201 |title= £250 Million Contract Signed for New High Speed Train Fleet for Kent |publisher= Strategic Rail Authority |access-date= 4 January 2008 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080808121107/http://www.dft.gov.uk/press/releases/sra/2005/20051/250millioncontractsignedforn1201 |archive-date= 8 August 2008 |dead-url= yes |df= dmy-all }}
15. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.dft.gov.uk/publications/stock-market-statement-passenger-franchise-integrated-kent |title= Department for Transport announces integrated Kent franchise| publisher = Department for Transport|date = 30 November 2005 }}
16. ^{{cite news |url= http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view/networkers-get-a-traction-transplant.html |title= Networkers get a traction transplant |last= Ojima|first= Hirofumi |date=24 January 2008 |work= Railway Gazette International}}
17. ^The project known as the "Verification train" or "V-Train"
18. ^Select Committee on Future Passenger Rail Services in Kent (2008), 2.2 Services
19. ^{{harvnb|Mochida|Yamamoto|Goda|Matsushita|2010|loc= Maintenance, pp.44–45}}
20. ^1 2 3 {{cite news| url =http://www.railwaypeople.com/rail-news-articles/hitachi-class-395-an-update-1586.html| title = Hitachi Class 395 – an update| date=15 August 2008 | work=www.railwaypeople.com}}
21. ^1 2 Sources*{{cite press release |url= http://www.hitachi.com/New/cnews/071002.html |title= Hitachi unveils "Bullet Train" at new Ashford depot |date= 2 October 2007 |publisher= Hitachi }}*{{cite web |url=http://www.mechan.co.uk/blog/post/2007/12/17/Train-Lifting-Gear-Deals-Won.aspx |title=Train Lifting-Gear Deals Won |date=17 December 2007 |publisher=Mechan |access-date=5 January 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100816155048/http://www.mechan.co.uk/blog/post/2007/12/17/Train-Lifting-Gear-Deals-Won.aspx |archive-date=16 August 2010 |dead-url=yes |df=dmy-all }}*{{cite web |url= http://www.volkerrail.co.uk/bin/ibp.jsp?ibpZone=S5_AshfordRamsgateTrai&ibpDisplay=view&ibpPage=S5_FocusPage&ibpDispWho=S5_AshfordRamsgateTrai&ibpDispWhat=zone& |title= Ashford & Ramsgate Traincare Depots |publisher= Volker Rail }}{{Dead link|date=September 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}*{{cite web| url = http://www.railwaystrategies.co.uk/article-page.php?contentid=4622&issueid=181| title = Fitzpatrick Contractors Ltd – News from Fitzpatrick: new depots, new division| date = 11 March 2008| work = www.railwaystrategies.co.uk}}
22. ^{{cite news |url= http://www.railwaygazette.com/nc/news/single-view/view/at-home-with-the-high-speed-1-domestic-stock.html |title= At home with the High Speed 1 domestic stock |date=30 October 2007 |work= Railway Gazette International}}
23. ^{{cite web |url= http://assets.dft.gov.uk/publications/integrated-kent-franchise/gratedkentfranchisestake3338.pdf |title =Integrated Kent Franchise Stakeholder Briefing Document|date =January 2005|at= 3.2.4 Depots, p.19 |publisher=Department for Transport}}
24. ^{{coord|51.14187|0.88105|type:landmark|display=inline}} Ashford train depot
25. ^Sources*{{cite web|url= http://www.railwaystrategies.co.uk/article-page.php?contentid=3772&issueid=160|title= High-speed simulator|date= 1 November 2007|work= www.railwaystrategies.co.uk|publisher= Schofield Publishing}}*{{cite news |url= http://www.railperf.org.uk/index/news-app/story.5/title.southeastern-drivers-commence-class-395-javelin-simulator-training |title= SouthEastern drivers commence class 395 'Javelin' simulator training |date= 1 October 2008 |publisher= Railway Performance Society }}*{{cite news|url= http://www.railtechnologymagazine.com/dataview/News/News_Article.aspx?location=home&KeyValue=1410|title= Train drivers get up to speed on new simulator|date= 3 October 2008|work= Rail Technology Magazine}}{{Dead link|date=November 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
26. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.keolis.com/en/business-activities/leading-by-example/high-speed-in-the-uk.html |title= High Speed in the UK |publisher= Keolis |accessdate= 1 January 2012 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20111108145309/http://www.keolis.com/en/business-activities/leading-by-example/high-speed-in-the-uk.html |archive-date= 8 November 2011 |dead-url= yes |df= dmy-all }}
27. ^1 {{cite web |url= http://aslefonline.co.uk/395news.aspx |title= Hitachi high speed Javelin train ready to ship to UK |publisher= ASLEF |accessdate= 1 January 2012 }}{{Dead link|date=September 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
28. ^{{cite news |url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/6960549.stm |title=Japanese bullet train docks in UK |work=BBC News |date=23 August 2007}}
29. ^Sources*{{cite news |url= http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view/10/hitachi-class-395-emu-arrives-in-britain.html |title= Hitachi Class 395 EMU arrives in Britain |work= Railway Gazette International |location= London |date= 23 August 2007 }}*{{cite web |url= http://www.serco.com/tcs/case_studies/rail/rail_casestudy_001.asp |title= New rolling stock for the Olympic Javelin service |accessdate= 1 January 2012 |publisher= Serco |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110225221342/http://www.serco.com/tcs/case_studies/rail/rail_casestudy_001.asp |archive-date= 25 February 2011 |dead-url= yes |df= dmy-all }}
30. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.sncf-international.net/upl/file/RA%20SNCF09%20-%20Ang%20-%20version%20web.pdf |title= Annual report 09 |page= 7 |publisher= SNCF International }}{{Dead link|date=September 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
31. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.sncf-international.net/upl/file/Rapport%20d'Activit%C3%A9%202008.pdf |page=10 |quote= Dans le cadre d'un contrat conclu entre SNCF International et Hitachi, des experts du Centre d'Ingénierie du Matériel de la SNCF étaient à bord des trains à Grande Vitesse Class 395 de l'opérateur SouthEastern pour contrôler le bon fonctionnement des équipements de sécurité. Des tests à 240 km/h ont eu lieu en janvier 2008 pour valider définitivement les dispositifs des premières rames livrées en Grande-Bretagne |publisher= SNCF |title= Rapport d'Activité 2008 |language = French}}
32. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.sncf-international.net/upl/file/Annual%20Report%202008.pdf |page= 17 |title= Annual report 2009 |publisher= SNCF International }}{{Dead link|date=September 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
33. ^{{cite press release |url= http://www.hitachi.eu/about/press/pdfs/20081209_01.pdf |title= First production units of Hitachi Class 395 trains for HS1 service embark on journey from Japan to UK on time |date=9 December 2008 |publisher= Hitachi}}
34. ^Development of UK Class 395 High Speed Commuter Train, Keith Jordan, 3. Design, Testing and commissioning
35. ^1 2 3 {{cite news |url= http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view/10/last-class-395-docks-in-southampton.html |title=Final Class 395 docks in Southampton |work= Railway Gazette International |location= London |date=17 August 2009}}
36. ^1 2 3 {{cite press release |date=17 August 2009 |url= http://www.hitachi.eu/about/press/pdfs/20090817_01.pdf |title= Final Class 395 train arrives in Southampton, begins last leg of journey to depot in Ashford |publisher= Hitachi}}
37. ^{{cite news |title= Final three 'Javelin' units arrive at Southampton Docks |page =3 |work= Railway Herald |location= Scunthorpe |issue=191 |date=24 August 2009}}
38. ^{{cite news |url= http://www.railwayherald.co.uk/magazine/pdf/RHUK/Issue205.pdf |title= Hitachi hands over the final Class 395 'Javelin' EMU |page=7 |work= Railway Herald |location= Scunthorpe |issue=205 |date=14 December 2009}}
39. ^{{cite press release |url= http://www.southeasternrailway.co.uk/news/latest-news/high-speed-preview-services-announced/ |title= High speed preview services announced |date= 1 June 2009 |publisher= Southeastern |access-date= 5 January 2012 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110827020521/http://www.southeasternrailway.co.uk/news/latest-news/high-speed-preview-services-announced/ |archive-date= 27 August 2011 |dead-url= yes |df= dmy-all }}
40. ^{{cite news |url= http://www.railwaygazette.com/nc/news/single-view/view/southeastern-ready-to-launch-high-speed-service.html |title= Southeastern ready to launch High Speed service |date =18 June 2009 |work= Railway Gazette International |location= London}}
41. ^{{cite press release |url= http://www.southeasternrailway.co.uk/news/latest-news/high-speed-preview-service-extends-to-dover-folkestone-canterbury-and-ramsgate/ |title= High speed preview service extends to Dover, Folkestone, Canterbury and Ramsgate |date= 7 September 2009 |publisher= Southeastern |access-date= 5 January 2012 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110105155207/http://www.southeasternrailway.co.uk/news/latest-news/high-speed-preview-service-extends-to-dover-folkestone-canterbury-and-ramsgate/ |archive-date= 5 January 2011 |dead-url= yes |df= dmy-all }}
42. ^Sources*{{cite news |url= https://www.standard.co.uk/news/javelin-train-boost-for-kent-coast-6758839.html |title= Javelin train boost for Kent coast |last= Razaq |first= Rashid |date= 13 August 2009 |work= London Evening Standard }}*{{cite news |url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/8241827.stm |title= High-speed rail 'preview' begins |date= 7 September 2009 |work= BBC News }}*{{cite news |url= http://www.thisiskent.co.uk/High-speed-train-arrives-Ramsgate/story-12021136-detail/story.html |work= This Is Kent |title= High speed train arrives at Ramsgate |date= 7 September 2009 }}{{Dead link|date=November 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
43. ^Sources*{{cite press release |url= http://www.hitachi.eu/about/press/pdfs/20100917_01.pdf |title= High speed service crowned champion |date= 17 September 2010 |publisher= Hitachi }}*{{cite press release |url= http://www.southeasternrailway.co.uk/news/latest-news/high-speed-service-crowned-champion/ |title= Southeastern win National Rail Award for High Speed preview services |date= 17 September 2010 |publisher= Southeastern |deadurl= yes |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20131106001435/http://www.southeasternrailway.co.uk/news/latest-news/high-speed-service-crowned-champion/ |archivedate= 6 November 2013 |df= dmy-all }}
44. ^Sources*{{cite news |url= http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1310215/Changes-ordered-Olympic-bullet-trains-suffer-alarming-140mph-wobble.html |title=Urgent changes ordered to Olympic bullet trains after they suffer 'alarming' 140mph wobble |work=Daily Mail |location= London |date=9 September 2010 |accessdate=6 September 2011 |last=Massey|first= Ray}}*{{cite news |url= http://www.kentonline.co.uk/kentonline/news/2010/september/8/wobbling_trains.aspx |title='Wobbles' corrected on high speed trains |work=Kent Online |date=8 September 2010 |accessdate=6 September 2011 |last=Morris|first= Thom}}*{{cite news |url= http://www.railwayherald.co.uk/magazine/pdf/RHUK/Issue238.pdf |title= Modification programme for Class 395 'wobble' issue |page= 4 |work=Railway Herald |issue = 238 |date=13 September 2010}}
45. ^1 2 Sources*{{cite news|url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/8411351.stm|title = High-speed travel for commuters| date = 14 December 2009| work= BBC News}}*{{cite news|url = http://www.railwayherald.co.uk/magazine/pdf/RHUK/Issue206.pdf| work = Railway Herald| issue= 206| date=21 December 2009|page=2| title = New timetable brought the launch of the full High-Speed commuter service}}
46. ^{{cite press release| url = http://www.southeasternrailway.co.uk/news/latest-news/high-speed-service/| archive-url = https://archive.is/20120913082729/http://www.southeasternrailway.co.uk/news/latest-news/high-speed-service/| dead-url = yes| archive-date = 13 September 2012| title = High speed service| date = 8 October 2008| publisher = Southeastern}}
47. ^{{cite press release | url =http://www.southeasternrailway.co.uk/news/latest-news/over-7-million-journeys-made-on-high-speed-in-a-year/ | title =Over 7 million journeys made on high speed in a year | date =13 December 2010 | publisher =Southeastern | access-date =5 January 2012 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20110301013317/http://www.southeasternrailway.co.uk/news/latest-news/over-7-million-journeys-made-on-high-speed-in-a-year | archive-date =1 March 2011 | dead-url =yes | df =dmy-all }}
48. ^Sources*{{cite news |url= http://www.rail-news.com/2010/12/13/over-7-million-journeys-made-on-high-speed-in-a-year/ |title=Over 7 million journeys made on High Speed in a year |date=13 December 2010 |last= O'Connor|first= Adam |work= www.rail-news.com}}*{{cite news|url=http://www.railnews.co.uk/news/general/2010/12/13-domestic-high-speed-attracts-1m.html| title = Domestic High Speed 'attracts 1m new passengers'| date = 13 December 2010|work = www.railnews.co.uk}}*Select Committee on Future Passenger Rail Services in Kent (2008), Fig. 2.5
49. ^{{cite press release| url = http://www.southeasternrailway.co.uk/news/latest-news/high-speeding-to-success/| title = High Speeding To Success| date = 14 June 2010| publisher = Southeastern| access-date = 5 January 2012| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100625133433/http://www.southeasternrailway.co.uk/news/latest-news/high-speeding-to-success| archive-date = 25 June 2010| dead-url = yes| df = dmy-all}}
50. ^{{cite news |url= https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-kent-16029642 |title=High speed train service 'no use at all' for East Kent |date=5 December 2011 |work= BBC News}}
51. ^{{cite news |url= http://www.kentonline.co.uk/kentonline/news/2011-1/may/21/high-speed_trains_start.aspx |title=High-speed trains start from Maidstone |work= Kent Online |date=20 May 2011 |accessdate=23 May 2011}}
52. ^Sources*{{cite news |url= https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-kent-13248962 |title= High-speed train boost for Sandwich and Deal in Kent |date= 30 April 2011 |work= BBC News }}*{{cite press release | url = http://www.southeasternrailway.co.uk/news/latest-news/high-speed-services-have-launched-from-sandwich-and-deal/ | title = High speed services have launched from Sandwich and Deal | date = 5 September 2011 | publisher = Southeastern | access-date = 5 January 2012 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111014182414/http://www.southeasternrailway.co.uk/news/latest-news/high-speed-services-have-launched-from-sandwich-and-deal/ | archive-date = 14 October 2011 | dead-url = yes | df = dmy-all }}
53. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.sintropher.eu/sites/default/files/attachments/no.3_The%20impact%20of%20domestic%20services%20on%20HS1_Kent%20county%20council.pptx |title= The impact of domestic services on High Speed 1 |publisher= Kent County Council}}
54. ^Hitachi Class 395, Railway Strategies Live 2010, Base Train for Class 395, p.10
55. ^1 2 {{harvnb|Kawasaki|Yamaguchi|Mochida| 2008|loc=Basic Specifications, pp.40–41}}
56. ^{{cite journal|journal = Modern Railways|date = January 2011|title = Rolling Stock Reliability Focus – Dilemmas on Doors|at = Air or electric? p. 61|url = http://www.railway-technical.com/MR%20doors.qxd_Layout%204.pdf|access-date = 5 January 2012|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120103121027/http://railway-technical.com/MR%20doors.qxd_Layout%204.pdf|archive-date = 3 January 2012|dead-url = yes|df = dmy-all}}
57. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.faiveleytransport.com/sites/default/files/product-documentation/bc_regional_trains_3.pdf |title= Brakes & Couplers – Regional Trains |publisher= Faiveley Transport}}
58. ^1 Sources*{{harvnb|Mochida|Yamamoto|Goda|Matsushita|2010|loc= Fig.3, p.41}}*Hitachi Class 395, Railway Strategies Live (2010), pp. 10–11*{{cite book |publisher= Platform Five |location=Sheffield |work = British Railways Pocket Book |number=4 |title= EMUs and light rail systems |year=2010}}*{{cite news |work=Today's Railways UK |title=(Title missing) |location=Sheffield |date=February 2009 |issue=86 |page=60}}
59. ^{{harvnb|Kawasaki|Yamaguchi|Mochida|2008|loc= Accommodating Specifications, pp.62–63}}
60. ^{{harvnb|Mochida|Yamamoto|Goda|Matsushita|2010|loc= Train Operation Control Suitable for Operating Practices Specification to UK, pp.43–44}}
61. ^{{cite web|url = http://www.railwayherald.co.uk/magazine/pdf/RHUK/Issue195.pdf| title = First Class 395 'Javelin' named at Ashford International| page=6|journal = Railway Herald| issue =195| date = 28 September 2009}}
62. ^{{cite press release| url = http://www.southeasternrailway.co.uk/news/latest-news/high-speed-javelin-train-named-after-paralympic-great-dame-sarah-storey/| title = High speed Javelin train named after Paralympic great Dame Sarah Store| publisher = Southeastern| date = 7 February 2013| access-date = 20 March 2013| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130211030819/http://www.southeasternrailway.co.uk/news/latest-news/high-speed-javelin-train-named-after-paralympic-great-dame-sarah-storey| archive-date = 11 February 2013| dead-url = yes| df = dmy-all}}
63. ^{{cite news |first=Tom |last=Pyman |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20171023230613/http://www.kentnews.co.uk/news/southeastern-to-run-commemorative-poppy-train-ahead-of-remembrance-sunday-to-mark-100-years-since-the-somme-1-4715170 |archivedate=23 October 2017 |url= http://www.kentnews.co.uk/news/southeastern-to-run-commemorative-poppy-train-ahead-of-remembrance-sunday-to-mark-100-years-since-the-somme-1-4715170 |title=Southeastern to run commemorative poppy train ahead of Remembrance Sunday to mark 100 years since the Somme |newspaper=Kent News |date=7 November 2016}}
64. ^{{Cite news |last=Jeffery |first=Poppy |url=https://www.kentonline.co.uk/sittingbourne/news/train-hits-van-at-level-134130/ |title=Train hits van at level crossing in Lower Road, Teynham |work=Kent Online |publisher=KM Group |date=2017-10-23 |access-date=2018-09-21 |df=dmy-all |quote=The incident happened at 3pm this afternoon when a high-speed Javelin train on its way to London St Pancras struck a delivery van on a level crossing near Teynham between Faversham and Sittingbourne.}}

References

{{reflist|30em}}

Sources

{{refbegin}}
  • {{cite book|title = Hitachi's Entry into the European Railway Market| first = Stephen J.|last= Gomersall|journal = Japan Railway & Transport Review|date=December 2005| number = 42| pages = 10–16|url= http://www.jrtr.net/jrtr42/pdf/f10_gom.pdf|ref=harv}}
  • {{cite book|url = http://www.hitachi.com/ICSFiles/afieldfile/2008/03/04/r2008_01_010.pdf| title = Railway-vehicle Technologies for European Railways| first =Takeshi |last = Kawasaki| first2= Takashi|last2= Yamaguchi| first3 =Toshihiko |last3=Mochida| journal= Hitachi Review| volume=57| number=1|date=March 2008|ref=harv}}
  • {{cite web|url=http://www.hitachi.com/rev/field/industriasystems/__icsFiles/afieldfile/2010/04/22/r2010_01_109.pdf|title=Development and Maintenance of Class 395 High-speed Train for UK High Speed 1|first=Toshihiko|last=Mochida|first2=Naoaki|last2=Yamamoto|first3=Kenjiro|last3=Goda|first4=Takashi|last4=Matsushita|first5=Takashi|last5=Kamei|pages=39–46|journal=Hitachi Review|volume=59|number=1|date=April 2010|ref=harv|access-date=5 January 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110702185432/http://hitachi.com/rev/field/industriasystems/__icsFiles/afieldfile/2010/04/22/r2010_01_109.pdf|archive-date=2 July 2011|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}
  • {{cite web|url=http://www.trafikverket.se/TrvSeFiler/Aktuellt/evenemang/jarnvagsteknik/dag_2_plenariesession_kentaro.pdf |title=Development of UK Class 395 High Speed Commuter Train |first=Keith |last=Jordan |publisher=Hitachi Rail Europe |ref=harv }}{{dead link|date=May 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}
  • {{cite web |url= https://shareweb.kent.gov.uk/Documents/Council-and-democracy/select%20committees/sel-com-pass-rail-services-nov08.pdf |title= Select Committee on Future Passenger Rail Services in Kent |date= October 2008 |publisher= Kent County Council}}
  • {{cite web |url=http://www.railalliance.co.uk/docs/rsl10hitachi.pdf |title=Hitachi Class 395, Railway Strategies Live 2010, 23 June 2010 |publisher=Hitachi |date=2 July 2010 |ref=rstrlive |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120328090347/http://www.railalliance.co.uk/docs/rsl10hitachi.pdf |archivedate=28 March 2012 |df=dmy-all }}
{{refend}}

External links

{{Commons category|British Rail Class 395}}
  • {{cite web|url=http://www.hitachi.co.uk/products/casestudy/class395.html|publisher = Hitachi| work= www.hitachi.co.uk|title= Class 395 Train Case Study}}
  • {{cite web|url= http://www.kentrail.org.uk/ashford_hitachi_depot.htm| title = Ashford Hitachi Depot| work = www.kentrail.org.uk| first = David|last= Glasspool}}
{{UK A-Train}}{{British Rail EMU}}{{High-speed rail}}{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017}}

7 : High-speed trains of the United Kingdom|British Rail electric multiple units|Hitachi multiple units|Passenger trains running at least at 200 km/h in commercial operations|United Kingdom streamliner trains|25 kV AC multiple units|750 V DC multiple units
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