“Broadway Junction (New York City Subway)”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Broadway Junction is a New York City Subway station complex shared by the elevated BMT Canarsie Line and BMT Jamaica Line, and the underground IND Fulton Street Line. It was also served by trains of the Fulton Street Elevated until that line closed in 1956. It is located roughly at the intersection of Broadway, Fulton Street and Van Sinderen Avenue at the border of Bedford-Stuyvesant and East New York, Brooklyn. The complex is served by the A, J, and L trains at all times; the C train at all times except late nights; and the Z train during rush hours in the peak direction only.

The station is adjacent to the East New York Yard and a complex junction between the tracks leading to the yard, the Canarsie Line and the Jamaica Line. The structure of the elevated station still contains the ironwork for the trackways used by the old Fulton Elevated. The station has a single exit and entrance through a fare control building located at the eastern end of the Fulton Street Line station. There is evidence of closed exits from the Jamaica Line platforms.

The station opened as Manhattan Junction as part of the BMT Lexington Avenue Line in 1885. In 1900, an elevated connection was made with the Fulton Street Elevated, resulting in a change in service patterns. Lexington Avenue and Fulton Street trains were through-routing, going around the East New York Loop, with service to Cypress Hills requiring a transfer. The station started to be used by service to Canarsie in 1906. In 1919, the Manhattan Junction station was replaced by the current station which was then known as Eastern Parkway. The modern-day Canarsie Line platforms, known as Broadway Junction, opened in 1928 when that line was connected to the 14th Street–Eastern District Line. The Independent Subway System's Fulton Street Line was extended to Broadway–East New York in 1946, and the three stations were combined as one station complex on July 1, 1948. The names of the stations in the complex were conformed to Broadway Junction in 2003.

Although Broadway Junction ranked 166th in the system for passenger entries in 2016, with 3,085,401 total entries,^[1] it is Brooklyn's third-busiest station in terms of passenger activity. It sees 100,000 passengers per day {{as of|2017|lc=yes}}, the vast majority of whom use it to make transfers. In 2017, the New York City Economic Development Corporation started studying options to rezone the surrounding area as a transit hub.^[2]

History

The first rail service in the area was the Atlantic Branch of the Long Island Rail Road (LIRR) at East New York station. The line opened as the Brooklyn and Jamaica Railroad in 1836, under lease to the LIRR, but did not include a station at East New York until early 1843.^[5] The Brooklyn and Rockaway Beach Railroad (the predecessor to the BMT Canarsie Line) began service in the area in 1865.^[6]{{Rp|13}} The name Manhattan Junction or Manhattan Beach Junction was applied to the station on what is now the Jamaica Line when it opened in 1885;^[7]^[8] the area had been known as Manhattan Beach Crossing since before then,^[9]^[11] due to the crossing of the LIRR's Manhattan Beach Division. A station on the Fulton Street Elevated railroad at Sackman Street opened on July 4, 1889, when the line was extended to Atlantic Avenue.^[10]

A two-track, one-half-block elevated connection was built on the east side of Vesta Avenue (now Van Sinderen Avenue) between the Fulton Street and Broadway Lines.^[11] This connection, equipped with a third rail to supply electric power, was opened on August 9, 1900, and new service patterns were implemented: during times other than rush hours, Lexington Avenue and Fulton Street trains were through-routed, and travel beyond Manhattan Junction required a transfer.^[12]^[13] This "East New York Loop" was unpopular, and was soon stopped;^[14] the next service to use the tracks was the BMT Canarsie Line to Broadway Ferry (later the 15 train), joined to the Fulton Street Line at Pitkin and Snediker Avenues in 1906.^[6]{{Rp|14}}^[15]

The name was changed from Manhattan Junction to Broadway Junction in 1913.^[16] The Dual Contracts were signed on March 19, 1913 between the City and the Interborough Rapid Transit Company and the Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company (BRT). As part of the agreement, the BRT, which owned the elevated lines in Brooklyn, agreed to construct bidirectional express tracks on the Fulton and Broadway Elevateds.^[17] The Broadway express track was placed into service on December 23, 1916.^[18] The current Broadway Elevated station at Eastern Parkway opened on August 5, 1919, replacing the old Manhattan Junction station.^[6]{{Rp|14}}^[19]{{Rp|385}} The full BMT 14th Street-Canarsie Line was completed on July 14, 1928 with the opening of the segment connecting Broadway Junction with Montrose Avenue.^[14]^[20]^[26]

By 1936, the Independent Subway System's Fulton Street Line had been extended to Rockaway Avenue. At that time, Broadway Junction was an all-Brooklyn–Manhattan Transit (BMT) transfer point. Further eastward extension of the line was delayed by World War II; the Broadway–East New York station opened on December 30, 1946.^[27]^[28] A direct escalator passageway was constructed between the IND and BMT stations in East New York to allow passengers free transfers.^[29] The passageway opened on July 1, 1948.^[21]{{Rp|16, 38}} The Fulton Street Elevated was now redundant, and BMT service on the line closed entirely on April 26, 1956, with the eastern portion to Lefferts Boulevard connected to the IND.^[22]

The entire complex was renovated from 1999 to 2001. The design bid for the project was awarded in May 1996.^[23]{{Rp|C-24–C-26}} As part of the project, an abandoned mezzanine and adjacent staircases were removed, a new station booth was built and the public address system was improved. In 2001, as part of the work a piece of artwork made by Al Loving titled Brooklyn, New Morning was installed in the station.^[24] This piece of art consists of 75 unique glass panels arranged in a series throughout the complex and a mosaic mural wall that is seven-by-ten feet. This installation was part of MTA Arts & Design's program to install artwork in stations that undergo rehabilitations.^[25] Other necessary improvements were also completed as part of the project.^[26] For a long time, the stations within the complex went by three different names: the original Eastern Parkway on the BMT Jamaica Line, Broadway Junction on the BMT Canarsie Line, and Broadway–East New York (IND Fulton Street Line). Conformity between the station names was established in 2003.^[27]

As part of a project initiated in 2017 in which 200 blocks of land in East New York were rezoned for housing and improvements to area parks and schools were planned, the New York City Economic Development Corporation initiated a study to foster economic growth around Broadway Junction as a transit hub with residential and commercial uses.^[2] In 2018, the MTA announced several further improvements to the Broadway Junction station: new elevators for the Fulton Street Line platforms,^[38] as well as staircases for the Canarsie Line platforms^[39] and Jamaica Line platforms.^[40]

Station layout

The station complex is composed of three stations: the two elevated stations on the BMT Jamaica and Canarsie Lines, as well as the underground station on the IND Fulton Street Line.^[28]{{Rp|86–87}} The IND station is accessible from the station's ground-level station house, at the east end of the station complex, using staircases down to platform level. The BMT lines are reachable from that same station house via escalators from street level to the upper mezzanine, which is located over the elevated BMT Jamaica Line platforms and at the BMT Canarsie Line's platform level. The two escalators, which were replaced in 2000, are long and steep. A footbridge leads from the upper mezzanine to the BMT Canarsie Line's northbound platform.^[6]{{Rp|38}}^[29]

Despite having being renovated in the late 1990s, the Broadway Junction complex does not conform to the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, and there are no elevators in the station because the different parts of the complex are too far from each other.^[30] Because Broadway Junction is a major transfer station, the community identified this lack of access as a major issue.^[31] Calls for elevators were renewed in 2017, after the announcement of the L train shutdown in 2019–2020, which would temporarily suspend Canarsie Line service to Manhattan.^[32] In January 2018, the MTA announced that the IND Fulton Street Line platforms would receive elevators, and that elevators were also being studied for the BMT Jamaica Line platforms. However, the BMT Canarsie Line platforms are not expected to receive these improvements.^[33]

Exit

The fare control area is in the station house, with a token booth and turnstile banks. The structure was built along with the IND station. The station house leads to Van Sinderen Avenue between Fulton Street to the south, and Truxton Street and Broadway to the north. This is the only entrance to the entire complex.^[28]{{Rp|86–87}} There is also a police precinct located in the station house, NYPD Transit Police District 33, at the south end of the building.^[6]{{Rp|38}}^[29] The station was previously part of Transit Police District 23.^[34] The station house is adjacent to Callahan-Kelly Playground, and is recessed a short distance west from Van Sinderen Avenue.^[6]{{Rp|38}}^[28]{{Rp|95}}

A ventilation structure for the IND line sits at the west end of the park at Sackman Street.^[6]{{Rp|49}}^[55] There have been planning studies to build a new entrance in this area.^[35]

BMT Canarsie Line platforms

uSTRq!~MFADEgq\\uSTR+BSlr\\BS\\uSTRq!~MASKm!~lhSTRae(l)!~uSTR+BSr\\uSTR+r\\\\~~ ~~ ~~ to Jamaica Line platforms

uSTRq!~MFADEgq\\uSTR+BSlr\\uSTR+r\\uSTR+BSr\\uSTR\\\\ ~~ ~~ ~~ from Jamaica Line platforms

Broadway Junction on the BMT Canarsie Line has two tracks, one island platform, and one side platform. Manhattan-bound trains use the island platform for northbound service while Canarsie-bound trains use the side platform for southbound service, similar to the configuration of the Bowling Green station on the IRT Lexington Avenue Line. However, unlike Bowling Green, the southbound trains can use the island platform if necessary.^[6]{{Rp|50}}^[36]{{rp|19,32,64}}

This station opened on July 14, 1928 as the final section of the 14th Street–Eastern DIstrict Line, now part of the Canarsie Line, opened between Montrose Avenue and Broadway Junction. This new line allowed trains from Canarsie to run via the 14th Street Line in Manhattan in addition to the Nassau Street Line.^[37]^[20] The station is one of the highest elevated platforms in the city, sitting above the already-elevated BMT Jamaica Line. As high as this station platform is, it plunges abruptly into a tunnel at the north end. This end of the station slopes sharply downward, and the platform end is about {{convert|200|yd}} away from the tunnel's portal. A diamond crossover was installed here between 1998 and 2001.^[38]^[39]^[36]{{rp|32,64}}

The south end of the northbound platform divides into two, with a central gap between the two legs. Two normally-unused tracks connect the Canarsie and Jamaica lines. The southbound track can be seen emerging beneath the two legs of the northbound platform; the northbound flyover with its severe curve can be seen just east of the station, beginning near the signal tower.^[36]{{rp|32,64}} During 1999, this station underwent a series of renovations, including new canopies, a new crossover (known as 'The Barn' because of its rustic red siding and white trim), and the removal of a hazardous crossunder.^[40] The old-style platform lights were removed and replaced with light fixtures that curve upward and split into two lights, widely seen elsewhere in the system.^[41]^[42] In March 2018, in preparation for the L train shutdown, the MTA announced that it would be installing two extra staircases to the BMT Canarsie Line platforms; at the time, there was only one passageway to each platform.^[43]

BMT Jamaica Line platforms

numN225\\d\\udSTRf\\\\udSTRg!~udSTRc2\\uSTR3+1!~MFADEfq ~~ ~~ ~~ from Atlantic Av (Canarsie Line)

d\\\\udSTR\\udSTRc2\\udSTR3+m\\udKRZ1u!~udSTRc2\\uSTR3+1!~MFADEfq!~uSTRc4 ~~ ~~ ~~ to Atlantic Av (Canarsie Line)

Broadway Junction is an express station on the BMT Jamaica Line that has three tracks and two island platforms.^[6]{{Rp|50}} The middle express track is not used by regular service. At each end of the station there are track connections to the East New York Yard. Trains that run to or from that yard can terminate or begin at this station.^[36]{{rp|32,64}}

The station was originally called Eastern Parkway, named for its original exit on the extreme west end of the platforms. This entrance is now closed, though the street stairs and station house are still present. A second fare control area, a mezzanine, at Conway Street in the middle of the platforms was also closed, and was removed in the 2000s as part of the station's renovation.^[6]{{Rp|50}}^[26]^[45]{{Rp|4}} The ironwork for the old Fulton Elevated trackways can be seen under this portion of the complex from the platforms. Two staircases from each platform lead to the upper mezzanine of the complex.^[6]{{Rp|50}} The mezzanine is above the platforms and connects to the Canarsie Line and to the exit at street level via two long escalators. At street level, there is a transfer to the underground IND Fulton Street Line and the fare control area.^[6]{{Rp|39–40}}

As part of the 2015–2019 Metropolitan Transportation Authority's Capital Program, station capacity enhancements will be made at the station. The project will assess the feasibility of building two additional staircases from each platform to the mezzanine to reduce platform congestion. Design work started in February 2017, and was finished in August 2017. The project was being bid on {{as of|2018|1|lc=y}}, work began in July 2018, and the new staircases were finished around October 2018.^[46]

IND Fulton Street Line platforms

Broadway Junction on the IND Fulton Street Line, formerly called Broadway–East New York,^[6]{{Rp|14}}^[79]^[29] is a standard express station with four tracks and two island platforms.^[6]{{Rp|48}}^[36]{{rp|32}}

The land for the station was acquired by the city in 1938, and in order to construct the station and other utilities, the land had to be cleared of buildings.^[6]{{Rp|49}} Some of the land was given to the New York City Parks Department in 1945 for the construction of Callahan-Kelly Playground, which was named after two local soldiers who died during World War I.^[47] The station was nearly complete when the United States' entrance into World War II in 1941 halted construction due to material shortages.^[6]{{Rp|14}}^[27]^[48] Work resumed following the war to install the necessary signals, tracks and complete the escalators to the BMT platforms.^[48]^[29] The contract for the {{convert|43|ft|m|adj=on}} escalator was awarded on November 7, 1945 to the Otis Elevator Company.^[49] The station opened on December 30, 1946,^[50]^[51]^[52] while the escalator was completed on July 1, 1948 after supply delays.^[49]^[21]{{Rp|16, 38}} In the early 1950s, the platforms were extended to {{convert|660|ft|m}} to accommodate 11-car trains.^[53]^[54]^[55]

The station's tile band is unique in that it incorporates two types of tile–gloss and matte–in contrasting shades of cobalt blue (gloss border) and blueberry (matte center). When the station was renamed in 2003,^[27] the "EAST NY" tiles on the wall were removed^[56] and replaced by tiles reading "JUNCTION", in the matching IND copperplate font.^[57] There is an active control tower just past the head end of the Queens-bound platform.^[58]

East of the station, the tunnel widens on both sides to accommodate an additional trackway diverging from the local tracks. These bellmouths, one of which has an emergency exit, were built for a proposed extension along the BMT Jamaica Line, or for a proposed Jamaica Avenue Subway.^[59] They were not a provision for the IND Second System, as were similar structures on other IND lines, but rather date from an earlier plan for the IND Fulton Street Line, which would have connected the IND tracks west of the station to two lines to the east of the station: the BMT Jamaica Line tracks, and the BMT Fulton Street Line tracks to Lefferts Boulevard, which were eventually connected to the IND Fulton Street Line anyway, albeit past Grant Avenue.^[60]

BMT Fulton Street Line platforms

In 1938, the Independent Subway System began constructing their own Fulton Street Subway and added an underground subway station named Broadway-East New York station.^[6]{{Rp|49}} Stations west of this point were being made obsolete as many were being replaced by the subway stations. The subway station opened in December 1946,^[50]^[48] and the elevated station above it closed on April 26, 1956, along with all other stations east of Rockaway Avenue.^[22] The ironwork for the old Fulton Elevated trackways can still be found over Fulton Street between Van Sinderen Avenue and Williams Place, and can be seen under this portion of the complex from the Canarsie Line platforms. The severed connection between the station and the East New York Yard can also be seen below the Canarsie Line and above the north side of Fulton Street.^[6]{{Rp|50}}

Ridership

In 2016, the station had 3,085,401 boardings, making it the 166th most used station in the 422-station system.^[1] This amounted to an average of 9,189 passengers per weekday.^[63] In 2017, The New York Times wrote that 100,000 daily passengers used the station per day, meaning that the vast majority of passengers used the station to make transfers to other routes.^[2]

References

1. ^¹²{{NYCS const|riderref}}
2. ^¹²Hu, Winnie. [https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/26/nyregion/a-tired-brooklyn-transit-hub-finally-getting-attention.html "A Tired Brooklyn Transit Hub Is Finally Getting Attention; New York City officials aim to transform Broadway Junction from a pass-through to a destination stop with offices, stores, restaurants and other amenities."], The New York Times, November 26, 2017. Accessed November 27, 2017. "Currently, about 100,000 riders pass through Broadway Junction every weekday, making it the third busiest station in Brooklyn, according to the Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Most riders are transferring between the various lines."
3. ^{{Cite web|url=http://bklyn-genealogy-info.stevemorse.org/Town/ProspectPk.html|title=Prospect Park It's Peaceful – Now The biggest battle of the Revolutionary War took place in a bucolic corner of Brooklyn|last=Hanc|first=John|date=July 2, 2003|website=|publisher=Long Island Newsday|access-date=January 1, 2018}}
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6. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷⁸⁹¹⁰¹¹¹²¹³¹⁴¹⁵¹⁶¹⁷{{cite web|url=http://www1.nyc.gov/assets/planning/download/pdf/plans/transportation/broadway_junction_complete.pdf|title=Broadway Junction Transportation Study: NYC Department of City Planning Final Report-November 2008|date=November 2008|website=nyc.gov|publisher=New York City Department of City Planning|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100606140932/http://www.nyc.gov/html/dcp/pdf/transportation/broadway_junction_complete.pdf|archivedate=June 6, 2010|deadurl=no|accessdate=October 27, 2015}}
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30. ^{{cite web | title=25 Years Later, NYC Has a Long Way to Go on Accessibility | website=Tri-State Transportation Campaign | date=July 27, 2015 | url=http://blog.tstc.org/2015/07/27/25-years-later-nyc-has-a-long-way-to-go-on-accessibility/ | access-date=March 8, 2018}}
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35. ^{{cite web|url=http://newyork.uli.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/03/Broadway-Junction-TAP_FINAL.pdf|title=Broadway Junction Technical Assistance Panel|last=|first=|date=June 26, 2014|website=|publisher=Urban Land Institute|pages=19–20|accessdate=July 16, 2016}}
36. ^¹²³⁴{{NYCS const|trackref|trackbook}}
37. ^¹{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1928/07/15/archives/celebrate-opening-of-new-b-m-t-line-officials-and-civic-association.html|title=CELEBRATE OPENING OF NEW B. M. T. LINE; Officials and Civic Association Members Fill First Train From Union Square. MET BY BAND AT CANARSIE Crowds Cheer Passing Cars at Stations Along New Route to Jamaica Bay.|last=|first=|date=July 15, 1928|work=The New York Times|access-date=January 1, 2018|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}
38. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.nycsubway.org/perl/show?46994|title=View of Canarsie line heading north into tunnel from northbound Canarsie line platform.|last=Leverett|first=Chris|date=March 8, 1998|website=www.nycsubway.org|access-date=January 1, 2018}}
39. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.nycsubway.org/perl/show?133702|title=Image 133702 North of Broadway Junction|last=Chen|first=Chao-Hwa|date=December 21, 2001|website=www.nycsubway.org|access-date=January 1, 2018}}
40. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.mta.nyc.ny.us:80/mta/html/eye-nyct.htm|title=Eye on the Future – MTA New York City Transit|last=|first=|date=July 1997|website=mta.nyc.ny.us|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19980127005906/http://www.mta.nyc.ny.us/mta/html/eye-nyct.htm|archive-date=January 27, 1998|dead-url=yes|access-date=December 31, 2017|df=mdy-all}}
41. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.nycsubway.org/perl/show?45261|title=Old Light Fixtures|last=Pirmann|first=David|date=April 30, 1999|website=www.nycsubway.org|access-date=January 1, 2018}}
42. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.nycsubway.org/perl/show?27008|title=Canarsie Line platforms at Broadway Junction Image 27008|last=Mencher|first=Robert|date=September 2003|website=www.nycsubway.org|access-date=January 1, 2018}}
43. ^¹{{cite web | title=Steps forward: Broadway Junction station to get two new stairways ahead of L-train closure | website=Brooklyn Paper | date=March 2, 2018 | url=https://www.brooklynpaper.com/stories/41/9/mm-stairs-for_broadway-junction-2018-03-02-bk.html | access-date=March 8, 2018}}
44. ^¹{{cite news | work = Brooklyn Daily Eagle | location = Brooklyn, NY | url = |title=East New York|date = June 13, 1885|page=6}}
45. ^{{cite web |title=Reopening Closed Subway Entrances |url=http://www.pcac.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/2001-Reopening-Closed-Entrances.pdf |website=pcac.org |publisher=New York City Transit Riders Council |accessdate=December 6, 2015 |date=November 2001}}
46. ^¹* {{Cite web|url=http://web.mta.info/capitaldashboard/allframenew_head.html?PROJNUM=t7160518&PLTYPE=1|title=T7160518 Station Capacity Enhancements at Broadway Junction on the Jamaica Line|last=|first=|date=|website=web.mta.info|publisher=Metropolitan Transportation Authority|access-date=September 3, 2017}}* {{Cite web|url=http://web.mta.info/nyct/procure/contracts/191550sol.pdf|title=A-37126: Additional Platform Stairs at Broadway Junction Station Jamaica Line (BMT), in the Borough of Brooklyn.|last=|first=|date=November 10, 2017|website=mta.info|publisher=Metropolitan Transportation Authority|access-date=January 1, 2018}}
47. ^¹{{cite web|title=Callahan & Kelly Playground: History|url=https://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/callahan-kelly-playground/history|publisher=New York City Department of Parks and Recreation|accessdate=July 16, 2016}}
48. ^¹²³{{cite web|last1=Blauvelt|first1=Paul|title=Shortages Snarl $50,000,000 Tube Links|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/57726129/?terms=euclid%2Bpitkin%2Bsubway|via=Newspapers.com|newspaper=Brooklyn Daily Eagle|accessdate=October 9, 2015|page=21|date=June 9, 1946}}
49. ^¹²³⁴{{cite news|title=Big Escalator To Link Three Lines in E.N.Y.: Will connect Fulton St. Subway With 14th St., Broadway Routes|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/52701033/?terms=%22Big%2Bescalator%22|accessdate=July 15, 2016|work=Brooklyn Daily Eagle|via=Newspapers.com|date=February 17, 1947}}
50. ^¹²³{{Cite Routes Not Taken}}
51. ^¹{{cite news|title=Little Move, but Good|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/52675883/?terms=%22subway%22%2B%22broadway%22%2B%22east%2Bnew%2Byork%22|accessdate=July 15, 2016|work=Brooklyn Daily Eagle|via=Newspapers.com|date=January 2, 1947}}
52. ^{{cite news|title='At Home' Boro Parties Top New Year's Week|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/52917501/?terms=%22broadway%2Beast%2Bnew%2Byork%22|accessdate=July 16, 2016|work=Brooklyn Daily Eagle|via=Newspapers.com|date=December 28, 1946|page=3}}
53. ^{{cite news|last1=Bennett|first1=Charles G.|title=Transit Platforms on Lines in Queens to be Lengthened|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1949/11/20/84286715.pdf|accessdate=July 16, 2016|work=The New York Times|date=November 20, 1949}}
54. ^{{cite news|last1=Noonan|first1=Dan|title=Transit Board to Add 1 Car to Fulton St. IND Trains: 11-Car Units Will East Rush Hour Jam in Boro|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/53773872/?terms=%22transit%2Bboard%2Bto%2Badd%2B1%2Bcar%22%2Bbroadway%2B%22east%2Bnew%2Byork%22|accessdate=July 16, 2016|work=Brooklyn Daily Eagle|via=Newspapers.com|date=March 6, 1951|page=5}}
55. ^{{Cite news|url = https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1953/08/28/83735052.pdf|title = 2 Subway Lines to Add Cars, Another to Speed Up Service|last = Ingalls|first = Leonard|date = August 28, 1953|work = |access-date = January 25, 2016|via = |newspaper = New York Times}}
56. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.subwaynut.com/ct/broadway_jcta/broadway_jcta1.jpg|title=The pre-renovation wall tiles at Broadway Jct. They still say Broadway and East NY beneath the stations blue trim.|last=Cox|first=Jeremiah|date=March 8, 2003|website=subwaynut.com|access-date=January 1, 2018}}
57. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.subwaynut.com/ct/broadway_jcta/broadway_jcta3.jpg|title=The platform wall at Broadway Junction (A, C) after Renovation, its still in the original IND sceam except says 'Junction' instead of 'East NY'.|last=Cox|first=Jeremiah|date=December 22, 2004|website=subwaynut.com|access-date=January 1, 2018}}
58. ^{{cite news|title=Buttons to Speed Travel in Subway: $2,000,000 System of Signals Soon to Be in Operation on Brooklyn IND Division|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1948/11/12/98429489.pdf|accessdate=December 27, 2016|work=The New York Times|date=November 12, 1948}}
59. ^{{cite AV media|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9FiS6X83UvM|title=RFW of The 168th Street Bound C Train Part 1: Euclid Avenue to Ralph Avenue|date=August 9, 2010|via=YouTube}} (The bellmouth can be seen towards the right, at the 5:40 mark in the video, just before the train enters the Broadway Junction station)
60. ^{{cite news|title=New Fulton St Subway Officially Started as Byrne Turns Earth|url=http://bklyn.newspapers.com/clip/7728577//|date=April 17, 1929|page=4}}
61. ^{{cite news | work = Brooklyn Daily Eagle | location = Brooklyn, NY | url = |title=The Fulton Street Elevated|date = June 28, 1889|page=6}}
62. ^{{cite web | title=Fulton Street Consents to Go to P.S. Board |page=20 | work=Brooklyn Daily Eagle |via=newspapers.org; Brooklyn Public Library | date=October 29, 1913 | url=https://bklyn.newspapers.com/image/53165088/ | access-date=October 2, 2018}}
63. ^{{NYCS const|riderref|weekday}}