| 词条 | Bruce McKenzie |
| 释义 |
| name = Bruce McKenzie | native_name = | image = | image_size = | caption = | birth_name = | birth_date = 1919 | birth_place = Richmond, Natal Province, South Africa | death_date = 24 May 1978 (aged 59) | death_place = above Ngong Hills, Kenya | death_cause = Time bomb | residence = | nationality = | other_names = | ethnicity = | citizenship = | education = | alma_mater = | occupation = | years_active = | employer = | organization = | agent = | known_for = | notable_works = | style = | home_town = | salary = | net_worth = | height = | weight = | television = | title = Kenyan Minister of Agriculture | term = | predecessor = | successor = | religion = }} Bruce Roy McKenzie {{post-nominals|country=GBR|DSO|DFC}} (1919 – 24 May 1978) was a South African-born Kenyan politician. He was the Minister of Agriculture in Kenya[1] during the presidency of Jomo Kenyatta, to whom he was an adviser.[2] He is alleged to have been an agent for British, South African or Israeli intelligence[3] by various people. He was assassinated on the orders of Ugandan dictator Idi Amin. Early lifeMcKenzie was born in 1919 in Richmond in South Africa's Natal Province. He joined the South African Air Force in 1939, and was seconded during World War II to Britain's Royal Air Force, with which he saw action in North Africa, the Mediterranean and European theatres. Following his air force service, he emigrated to Kenya in 1946 and became a prominent farmer in Nakuru.[4] Political careerIn January 1976, McKenzie was involved in the kidnapping of two German and three Arab suspected terrorists wanted by Israel for an attempted missile attack on an El Al airliner taking off from the airport of Nairobi.[5] The five were secretly transported to Israel and later sentenced to long prison terms.[6] In late June 1976, during Operation Entebbe, McKenzie persuaded Kenyan President Kenyatta to permit Mossad to collect intelligence prior to the operation, and to allow the Israeli Air Force access to the Nairobi airport.[7] Before the operation, McKenzie flew his private plane to Entebbe to enable Mossad agents to take aerial photographs of the airport installations and parked fighter jets which were soon destroyed by the Israeli troops.[3] In retaliation, Ugandan President Idi Amin ordered Ugandan agents to assassinate McKenzie. He was killed on 24 May 1978 when a bomb attached to his aircraft exploded.[2][7][8][9] The bomb was reportedly concealed inside either a mounted antelope head or a carved wooden statue in the form of a lion's head McKenzie had been presented as a gift from Idi Amin just prior to the flight.[10][11] MacKenzie was survived by his wife, Christina, three sons[12] and two daughters. Later, Mossad Chief Director Meir Amit had a forest planted in Israel in McKenzie's name.[7] References1. ^{{cite book|title=Kenya Gazette|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yHSdmto-UJoC&lpg=PA475&pg=PA475#v=onepage&q&f=false|accessdate=5 January 2013|date=11 May 1966|page=500}} 2. ^1 {{cite news|url=http://www.standardmedia.co.ke/?articleID=2000042641&pageNo=1 |title=Ugandan agents killed former Cabinet minister, says dossier |publisher=Standard Digital News |date= |accessdate=26 September 2013}} 3. ^1 {{cite news|last1=Oluoch|first1=Fred|title=Spy who was killed in plane crash|url=http://www.ipsos.co.ke/NEWBASE_EXPORTS/Uhuru%20Kenyatta/130722_The%20Daily%20Nation%20DN2%20-%20Monday_6_58984.pdf|accessdate=21 July 2014|work=The Daily Nation|date=22 July 2013|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140810212644/http://www.ipsos.co.ke/NEWBASE_EXPORTS/Uhuru%20Kenyatta/130722_The%20Daily%20Nation%20DN2%20-%20Monday_6_58984.pdf|archivedate=10 August 2014|df=}} 4. ^{{cite book|last1=Maxon|first1=Robert M.|title=Historical Dictionary of Kenya|date=2014|isbn=0810874695}} 5. ^{{cite book|last1=Kahana|first1=Ephraim|title=Historical Dictionary of Israeli Intelligence|date=2006|publisher=Scarecrow Press|location=Oxford|page=171|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pAar3TpYOt4C&pg=PA171&dq=Bruce+Mackenzie+Mossad&hl=de&sa=X&ei=eIzNU6qUG4uP4gSl4YGwAw&ved=0CCEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Bruce%20Mackenzie%20Mossad&f=false|accessdate=21 July 2014}} 6. ^{{cite news|title=Two German Terrorists Repatriated Before Completing 10-year Term |url=http://www.jta.org/1980/12/26/archive/two-german-terrorists-repatriated-before-completing-10-year-term|accessdate=21 July 2014|work=JTA.org|agency=Jewish Telegraphic Agency|date=26 December 1980}} 7. ^1 2 {{cite news|last=Melman |first=Yossi |url=http://www.jpost.com/Diplomacy-and-Politics/Analysis-Israel-and-Kenya-blood-ties-326880 |title=A history of cooperation between Israel and Kenya |publisher=JPost |date= |accessdate=26 September 2013}} 8. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pAar3TpYOt4C&pg=PA171&dq=israel+kenya&hl=en&sa=X&ei=G45DUoO4FJPa4AO9noGgDg&ved=0CHkQ6AEwDA#v=onepage&q=israel%20kenya&f=false |author=Ephraim Kahana |title=Historical Dictionary of Israeli Intelligence |publisher= |date=2006 |accessdate=26 September 2013}} 9. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KrL9bHLpOq4C&pg=PA58&lpg=PA58&dq=bruce+mackenzie+May+24,+1978&source=bl&ots=gay4o2OJzA&sig=3xduzFuGBsBYYAHlklRMQgeZWNY&hl=en&sa=X&ei=pZRDUo6HCu7G4AObxYDQAg&ved=0CGQQ6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=bruce%20mackenzie%20May%2024%2C%201978&f=false |title=Entebbe: The Most Daring Raid of Israel's Special Forces – Simon Dunstan – Google Books |publisher=Books.google.com |date= |accessdate=26 September 2013}} 10. ^{{cite news|last1=Gawaya-Tegulle |first1=Tom |title=Background Article: Angry Amin Takes Revenge (Entebbe Raid Part 4) |url=http://www.charlesobbo.com/article94.html |accessdate=21 July 2014 |work=The Monitor |date=7 September 1997 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020181616/http://www.charlesobbo.com/article94.html |archivedate=October 20, 2007 }} 11. ^{{cite book|last1=Cooper|first1=Carole|title=Kenya: The National Epic|date=1993|publisher=East African Publishers|location=Nairobi|page=209|accessdate=21 July 2014}} 12. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.thepeerage.com/p14940.htm#i149398|title=Person Page|website=www.thepeerage.com|access-date=2018-10-22}} External links
18 : 1919 births|1978 deaths|People from Umgungundlovu District Municipality|Ministers of Agriculture of Kenya|Government ministers of Kenya|South African Air Force personnel|South African World War II pilots|Companions of the Distinguished Service Order|Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United Kingdom)|Assassinated Kenyan politicians|Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in Kenya|Alumni of Hilton College (South Africa)|South African people of Scottish descent|South African emigrants to Kenya|Kenyan people of Scottish descent|Operation Entebbe|People murdered in Kenya|Deaths by explosive device |
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