| 词条 | Bulbocapnine |
| 释义 |
| Verifiedfields = changed | Watchedfields = changed | verifiedrevid = 404125758 | Name = Bulbocapnine | ImageFile = Bulbocapnine skeletal.svg | ImageName = | IUPACName = (S)-6,7,7a,8-tetrahydro-11-methoxy-7-methyl-5H- benzo[g]-1,3-benzodioxolo-[6,5,4-de]quinolin-2-ol |Section1={{Chembox Identifiers | ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} | ChemSpiderID = 11934 | ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}} | ChEBI = 3211 | ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} | ChEMBL = 157912 | InChI = 1/C19H19NO4/c1-20-6-5-11-8-14-19(24-9-23-14)17-15(11)12(20)7-10-3-4-13(22-2)18(21)16(10)17/h3-4,8,12,21H,5-7,9H2,1-2H3/t12-/m0/s1 | InChIKey = LODGIKWNLDQZBM-LBPRGKRZBH | StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChI = 1S/C19H19NO4/c1-20-6-5-11-8-14-19(24-9-23-14)17-15(11)12(20)7-10-3-4-13(22-2)18(21)16(10)17/h3-4,8,12,21H,5-7,9H2,1-2H3/t12-/m0/s1 | StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChIKey = LODGIKWNLDQZBM-LBPRGKRZSA-N | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}} | CASNo = 298-45-3 | PubChem = 12441 | SMILES = O1c4c(OC1)c3c2c(O)c(OC)ccc2C[C@H]5c3c(c4)CCN5C }} |Section2={{Chembox Properties | Formula = C19H19NO4 | MolarMass = 325.36 g/mol | Density = | MeltingPtC = 201 to 203 | MeltingPt_notes = racemate 213-214 °C | BoilingPt = }}Bulbocapnine is an alkaloid found in Corydalis (Papaveraceae) and Dicentra, plants in the family Fumariaceae that can cause fatal poisoning in sheep and cattle.{{cn|date=September 2018}} It has been shown to act as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor,[1] and inhibits biosynthesis of dopamine via inhibition of the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase.[2][3] Like apomorphine, it is reported to be an inhibitor of amyloid beta protein (Aβ) fiber formation, whose presence is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Bulbocapnine is thus a potential therapeutic under the amyloid hypothesis.[4] According to the Dorlands Medical Dictionary, it "inhibits the reflex and motor activities of striated muscle. It has been used in the treatment of muscular tremors and vestibular nystagmus".[5] The psychiatrist Robert Heath carried out experiments on prisoners at the Louisiana State Penitentiary using bulbocapnine to induce stupor.[6] Experiments were used in MKULTRA.[7] In popular cultureIn literature
In television
See also{{cmn|colwidth=30em|
}} References1. ^{{cite journal |author1=Adsersen, A. |author2=Kjølbye, A. |author3=Dall, O. |author4=Jäger, A. K. | title = Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibitory Compounds from Corydalis cava Schweigg. & Kort. | journal = Journal of Ethnopharmacology |date=Aug 2007 | volume = 113 | issue = 1 | pages = 179–182 | pmid = 17574358 | doi=10.1016/j.jep.2007.05.006}} {{Acetylcholine metabolism and transport modulators}}{{Monoamine metabolism modulators}}{{nervous-system-drug-stub}}2. ^{{cite journal |author1=Zhang, Y. H. |author2=Shin, J. S. |author3=Lee, S. S. |author4=Kim, S. H. |author5=Lee, M. K. | title = Inhibition of Tyrosine Hydroxylase by Bulbocapnine | journal = Planta Medica |date=Aug 1997 | volume = 63 | issue = 4 | pages = 362–363 | pmid = 9270381 | doi=10.1055/s-2006-957702}} 3. ^{{cite journal |author1=Shin, J. S. |author2=Kim, K. T. |author3=Lee, M. K. | title = Inhibitory Effects of Bulbocapnine on Dopamine Biosynthesis in PC12 Cells | journal = Neuroscience Letters |date=Mar 1998 | volume = 244 | issue = 3 | pages = 161–164 | pmid = 9593514 | doi=10.1016/s0304-3940(98)00148-7}} 4. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Lashuel HA, Hartley DM, Balakhaneh D, Aggarwal A, Teichberg S, Callaway DJ | title = New class of inhibitors of amyloid-beta fibril formation. Implications for the mechanism of pathogenesis in Alzheimer's disease | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 277 | issue = 45 | pages = 42881–90 | date = November 2002 | pmid = 12167652 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M206593200 | url = http://www.jbc.org/content/277/45/42881.full }} 5. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands.jspzQzpgzEzzSzppdocszSzuszSzcommonzSzdorlandszSzdorlandzSzdmd_b_26zPzhtm | title = Dorlands Medical Dictionary at Merck | access-date = 2006-12-25 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080301182012/http://www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands.jspzQzpgzEzzSzppdocszSzuszSzcommonzSzdorlandszSzdorlandzSzdmd_b_26zPzhtm# | archive-date = 2008-03-01 | dead-url = yes | df = }} 6. ^{{cite book |author1=Scheflin, A. W. |author2=Opton, E. M. | year = 1978 | title = The Mind Manipulators: A non-fiction Account | publisher = Paddington Press | location = New York | isbn = 0-448-22977-3 | pages = 314–315 }} 7. ^{{cite news|title=CIA Revelations: Behavior Control|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP99-00498R000100100019-3.pdf|accessdate=24 January 2017|agency=ABC News|publisher=Radio TV Reports|date=20 July 1977}} 9 : Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors|Alkaloids|Alkaloids found in Papaveraceae|Phenols|Phenol ethers|Nitrogen heterocycles|Tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitors|Benzodioxoles|Heterocyclic compounds (4 or more rings) |
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