“Burnside rules”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Burnside rules

释义

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The Burnside rules were a set of rules that transformed Canadian football from a rugby-style game to the gridiron-style game it has remained ever since. Named after John Thrift Meldrum Burnside, captain of the University of Toronto football team (although he did not originate them), and first adopted by the Ontario Rugby Football Union in 1903, the rules introduced sweeping changes to the way football was played.^[1] The rules included:

a reduction from 15 to 12 players per side
a reduction from 8 to 6 men allowed on the line of scrimmage when the ball was put into play
the "snap-back" system in which the ball was passed backward from the line of scrimmage by the centre
a requirement for a team to make ten yards in three successive downs or lose possession of the ball

Although similar to American football rules already in place at the time, which had been developed by Walter Camp in the 1880s,^[2] Burnside rules had many differences and evolved separately. Although these rules are standard today, at the time they were considered radical. Other teams outside the Ontario Rugby Football Union refused to adopt them until 1905.

References

1. ^{{cite web |url=http://greycup.cfl.ca/page/grey-cup-history-timeline-1900 |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2015-01-18 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120922201718/http://greycup.cfl.ca/page/grey-cup-history-timeline-1900 |archivedate=2012-09-22 |df= }} History of the Grey Cup
2. ^{{Cite book|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=Vb5OAAAAMAAJ|title = American Football|last = Camp|first = Walter|date = 1893-01-01|publisher = Harper & brothers|language = en}}

4 : History of Canadian football|1903 in Canadian sports|1903 in Canadian football|Gridiron football rules

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