| 词条 | Bytom Synagogue |
| 释义 |
Bytom Synagogue or Beuthen Synagogue was a synagogue in Beuthen, in the Prussian Province of Silesia (present-day Bytom, Poland), a border–town between Germany and the Second Polish Republic prior to German invasion of Poland in World War II. Since the plebiscite of 1922 the border passed just east of Beuthen, so that neighboring Katowice were in Poland. HistoryBeuthen Synagogue was built in 1869 on Friedrich-Wilhelm-Ring (now Plac Grunwaldzki), in place of an older one. The cornerstone was set on May 25, 1868, construction finished on July 2, 1869. Max Kopfstein (1856–1924) from Bad Ems became rabbi and religion teacher there in 1889. Chief Rabbi from 1919, he participated in the negotiations of the Treaty of Versailles as an expert in matters concerning the Jewish population in Upper Silesia. The synagogue was burned down by Nazi German SS and SA troopers during the Kristallnacht on 9–10 November 1938. On November 7, 1938 Joseph Goebbels had delivered a fiery antisemitic tirade in Beuthen with a call for vengeance against Jews. They were made to stand for hours in front of their burning Moorish synagogue. Beuthen Jewish Community became the first ever Holocaust transport to be gassed inside "Bunker I" at Auschwitz-Birkenau death camp, all murdered on February 15, 1942 at the onset of the Nazi German Holocaust in Poland.[1][2][3] A memorial plaque at the site was erected on November 9, 2007. See also
References1. ^Jews deported from Beuthen (Bytom), list prepared in 1942 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090715230956/http://ellisisland.jewishgen.org/Yizkor/translations.html |date=2009-07-15 }} {{refbegin}}2. ^Elsa Drezner, Yizkor Book Project Manager Avraham Groll, Names of Jews deported from Beuthen {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726202938/http://ellisisland.jewishgen.org/Yizkor/bytom/Bytom1.html |date=2011-07-26 }} 3. ^Translations: deportation {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726203021/http://ellisisland.jewishgen.org/Yizkor/bytom/bytom.html |date=2011-07-26 }} Sources
External links{{commons category|Synagogue in Bytom}}
8 : Buildings and structures in Bytom|Synagogues destroyed during Kristallnacht (Germany)|Former synagogues in Germany|Former synagogues in Poland|Former Reform synagogues in Poland|Synagogues in Poland|19th-century synagogues|Moorish Revival synagogues |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。