| 词条 | Cachorrito gigante |
| 释义 |
| name = Cachorrito gigante | image = | status = EN | status_system = IUCN2.3 | status_ref = [1] | taxon = Cyprinodon maya | authority = Humphries & R. R. Miller, 1981 | synonyms = }} The cachorrito gigante (Cyprinodon maya) is a highly endangered species of fish in the family Cyprinodontidae.[1] It is endemic to Lake Chichancanab in Quintana Roo, Mexico. In almost all places, different Cyprinodon species do not overlap in their range, but there are two notable exceptions and one of these is Lake Chichancanab, which is inhabited by C. maya, C. beltrani, C. esconditus, C. labiosus, C. simus, C. suavium and C. verecundus (the other place where several Cyprinodon species live together are lakes in San Salvador Island, the Bahamas). Living together, the Cyprinodon species in Lake Chichancanab have diverged into different niches. Pupfish typically feed on algae and detritus. In Lake Chichancanab, however, C. maya has become not only the largest species in the genus Cyprinodon, up to {{cvt|10|cm}} long, but also the only that catches and eats whole fish (C. desquamatory of San Salvador Island is a scale-eater).[2][3] In smaller quantities it eats ostracods and freshwater snails.[4] Among the endemic Cyprinodon species in Lake Chichancanab, only C. beltrani and C. labiosus still occur in some numbers in their habitat, while the remaining are virtually—if not fully—extinct in the wild. At least some of these, including C. maya, survive in captivity.[3][5] The primary reason for their decline is introduced species, notably the Nile tilapia and the tetra Astyanax fasciatus.[3][6] References1. ^1 {{Cite journal | author = Contreras-Balderas, S. | author2 = Almada-Villela, P. | last-author-amp = yes | title = Cyprinodon maya | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 1996 | page = e.T6158A12497102 | publisher = IUCN | date = 1996 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/6158/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T6158A12497102.en | access-date = 20 December 2017}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q305136}}{{Cyprinodontiformes-stub}}2. ^{{FishBase genus | genus = Cyprinodon| month = October | year = 2018}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite journal| author1=Martin, C. | author2=P.C. Wainwright | year=2011 | title=Trophic novelty is linked to exceptional rates of morphological diversification in two adaptive radiations of Cyprinodon pupfish | journal=Evolution | volume=65 | issue=8 | pages=2197–2212 | doi=10.1111/j.1558-5646.2011.01294.x}} 4. ^{{cite book | editor1=Ceballos, G. | editor2=E.D. Pardo | editor3=L.M Estévez | editor4=H.E. Pérez | year=2016 | title=Los peces dulceacuícolas de México en peligro de extinción | pages=358–359 | isbn=978-607-16-4087-1 }} 5. ^{{cite journal| author1=Martin, C.H. | author2=Crawford, J.E. | author3=Turner, B.J. | author4=Simons, L.H. | year=2016 | title=Diabolical survival in Death Valley: recent pupfish colonization, gene flow and genetic assimilation in the smallest species range on earth | journal=Proc Biol Sci | volume=283 | issue=1823 | doi=10.1098/rspb.2015.2334 }} 6. ^{{cite journal| author=Strecker, U. | year=2006 | title=The impact of invasive fish on an endemic Cyprinodon species flock (Teleostei) from Laguna Chichancanab, Yucatan, Mexico | journal=Ecology of Freshwater Fish | volume=15 | issue=4 | pages=408–418 | doi=10.1111/j.1600-0633.2006.00159.x }} 7 : Cyprinodon|Endemic fauna of Mexico|Freshwater fish of Mexico|Endangered fish|Endangered biota of Mexico|Fish described in 1981|Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
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