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词条 2100 Ra-Shalom
释义

  1. Orbit and classification

  2. Physical characteristics

      Diameter and albedo    Rotation period  

  3. Naming

  4. Notes

  5. References

  6. External links

{{Infobox planet
| minorplanet = yes
| name = 2100 Ra-Shalom
| background = #FFC2E0
| image = 2100Ra-Shalom (Lightcurve Inversion).png
| image_size = 265
| caption = {{longitem|Lightcurve based 3D-model of Ra-Shalom|style=padding: 5px 0; line-height: 1.3em;}}
| discovery_ref =  
| discovered = 10 September 1978
| discoverer = E. F. Helin
| discovery_site = Palomar Obs.
| mpc_name = (2100) Ra-Shalom
| alt_names = 1978 RA{{·}}1975 TB
| named_after = Ra and Shalom
{{small|(composed name)}}[2]
| mp_category = NEO{{·}}Aten [4]
| orbit_ref =  
| epoch = 7 November 2005 (JD 2453681.5)
| uncertainty = 0
| observation_arc = 41.07 yr (14,999 days)
| aphelion = 1.1952 AU
| perihelion = 0.4688 AU
| semimajor = 0.8320 AU
| eccentricity = 0.4365
| period = 0.76 yr (277 days)
| mean_anomaly = 104.56°
| inclination = 15.756°
| asc_node = 170.88°
| arg_peri = 355.98°
| moid = 0.1496 AU{{·}}58.3 LD
| dimensions = {{val|1.98|0.05}} km[6]
{{val|2.04}} km[7]
{{val|2.22}} km[8]
{{val|2.24}} km[9]
{{val|2.3|0.2}} km[10]
{{val|2.48}} km[11]
{{val|2.78}} km[12][13]
{{val|2.79}} km[14]
| rotation = {{val|19.79|0.03}} h[15]
{{val|19.793|0.001}} h[10]
19.797 h[17]{{efn|name=Pravec-2003-lcdb}}
{{val|19.79981}} h[18]
{{val|19.8201|0.00004}} h[19]
{{val|19.89|0.05}}[20]
| albedo = {{val|0.080}}[14]
{{val|0.082}}[12][13]
{{val|0.125}}[11]
{{val|0.13|0.03}}[10][9]
{{val|0.14|0.10}}[27]
{{val|0.16}}[7]
{{val|0.177|0.009}}[6]
| spectral_type = C {{small|(Tholen)}}{{·}}Xc {{small|(SMASS)}}
C {{small|(CALL)}}[13]{{·}}K[10]
B–V = 0.712
U–B = 0.310
| abs_magnitude = {{val|15.66|0.1}} {{small|(R)}}{{efn|name=Pravec-2003-lcdb}}{{·}}15.90[11]{{·}}16.05[6]{{·}}{{val|16.054|0.07}}[13][40]{{·}}{{val|16.06|0.07}}[15]{{·}}16.06[7]{{·}}16.07[17]{{·}}16.1[8]{{·}}16.11[12]
}}

2100 Ra-Shalom, provisional designation {{mp|1978 RA}}, is an eccentric, carbonaceous asteroid and near-Earth object of the Aten group, approximately 2.7 kilometers in diameter.

The asteroid was discovered on 10 September 1978, by American astronomer Eleanor Helin at the Palomar Observatory, California, who named it in commemoration of the Camp David Peace Accords.[2][4]

Orbit and classification

Ra-Shalom orbits the Sun at a distance of 0.5–1.2 AU once every 9 months (277 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.44 and an inclination of 16° with respect to the ecliptic.

It was the second Aten asteroid to be discovered after 2062 Aten, the family's namesake, also discovered by Helin in 1976. The group of Aten asteroids feature a semi-major axis of less than 1 AU. Of this group, Ra-Shalom has one of the smallest semi-major axes, just 0.832 AU.

The asteroid has an Earth minimum orbital intersection distance of {{convert |0.1496 |AU |km |lk=off |abbr=on |sigfig=3}} which corresponds to 58.3 lunar distances, far too large to make it a potentially hazardous object. It also comes within 30  gigameter (Gm) of Mars, Venus and Mercury. The closest approaches are to Mercury, to about 0.0784 AU (11.7 Gm).[50]

Physical characteristics

Ra-Shalom has been characterized as a C-type and X-type asteroid on the Tholen and SMASS taxonomic scheme, respectively. It has also been characterized as a K-type asteroid.[10]

In 1981, the asteroid was detected using radar, revealing a relatively smooth surface at decimeter scales.[53]

Diameter and albedo

According to Spitzer's ExploreNEOs survey, the Japanese Akari satellite, and NASA's Keck Observatory, Ra-Shalom measures between 1.98 and 2.79 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.080 and 0.177.[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][14]

The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link adopts an albedo of 0.082 and a diameter of 2.78 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 16.054.[13]

Rotation period

In August 2016, a rotational lightcurve of Ra-Shalom was obtained from photometric observations by American astronomer Brian Warner. Lightcurve analysis gave a well-defined rotation period of 19.89 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.55 magnitude ({{small|U=3}}).[20]

A large number of previous photometric observations gave a period between 19.79 and 19.8201 hours with a brightness amplitude between 0.3 and 0.41 magnitude ({{small|U=x?}})[10][15][17]{{efn|name=Pravec-2003-lcdb}}[18][19]

Naming

The minor planet's composed named was chosen by the discoverer to commemorate the Camp David Peace Accords between Egypt and Israel in September 1978, and as a symbol for the universal hope for peace. Ra is the Egyptian Sun-god, who symbolizes enlightenment and life, while Shalom is the traditional Hebrew greeting meaning peace.[2] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center before November 1977 ({{small|M.P.C. 4548}}).[70]

Notes

{{notelist
|refs={{efn|name=Pravec-2003-lcdb|1=Pravec (2003) web: rotation period {{val|19.797|}} hours with a brightness amplitude of {{val|0.34}} in magnitude. Period Identical with Pravec's observation in 1998. Summary figures at Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link (CALL) for (2100) Ra-Shalom}}

}}

References

1. ^1 2 3 {{cite book |title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (2100) Ra-Shalom |last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D. |publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg |page = 170 |date = 2007 |isbn = 978-3-540-00238-3 |doi = 10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_2101 |chapter = (2100) Ra-Shalom }}
2. ^1 2 {{cite web |title = 2100 Ra-Shalom (1978 RA) |work = Minor Planet Center |url = http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=2100 |accessdate = 7 December 2016}}
3. ^1 {{cite web |title = MPC/MPO/MPS Archive |work = Minor Planet Center |url = http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/MPCArchive_TBL.html |accessdate = 7 December 2016}}
4. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web |title = LCDB Data for (2100) Ra-Shalom |publisher = Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB) |url = http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/GenerateALCDEFPage_Local.php?AstInfo=2100%7CRa-Shalom |accessdate = 7 December 2016}}
5. ^1 {{cite web |type = 2013-10-25 last obs |title = JPL Close-Approach Data: 2100 Ra-Shalom (1978 RA) |url = http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2100;cad=1#cad |accessdate = 2009-05-05}}
6. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite journal |author = Harris, Alan W. |date = February 1998 |title = A Thermal Model for Near-Earth Asteroids |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=1998Icar..131..291H |journal = Icarus |volume = 131 |issue = 2 |pages = 291–301 |bibcode = 1998Icar..131..291H |doi = 10.1006/icar.1997.5865 |access-date= 11 January 2016}}
7. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite journal |first1 = Alan W. |last1 = Harris |first2 = John K. |last2 = Davies |first3 = Simon F. |last3 = Green |date = October 1998 |title = Thermal Infrared Spectrophotometry of the Near-Earth Asteroids 2100 Ra-Shalom and 1991 EE |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=1998Icar..135..441H |journal = Icarus |volume = 135 |issue = 2 |pages = 441–450 |bibcode = 1998Icar..135..441H |doi = 10.1006/icar.1998.6002 |access-date= 11 January 2016}}
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9. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Michael K. |last1 = Shepard |first2 = Beth Ellen |last2 = Clark |first3 = Michael C. |last3 = Nolan |first4 = Lance A. M. |last4 = Benner |first5 = Steven J. |last5 = Ostro |first6 = Jon D. |last6 = Giorgini |first7 = Faith |last7 = Vilas |first8 = Kandy |last8 = Jarvis |first9 = Susan |last9 = Lederer |first10 = Lucy F. |last10 = Lim |first11 = Tim |last11 = McConnochie |first12 = James |last12 = Bell |first13 = Jean-Luc |last13 = Margot |first14 = Andrew |last14 = Rivkin |first15 = Christopher |last15 = Magri |first16 = Daniel |last16 = Scheeres |first17 = Petr |last17 = Pravec |date = January 2008 |title = Multi-wavelength observations of Asteroid 2100 Ra-Shalom |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2008Icar..193...20S |journal = Icarus |volume = 193 |issue = 1 |pages = 20–38 |bibcode = 2008Icar..193...20S |doi = 10.1016/j.icarus.2007.09.006 |access-date= 11 January 2016|citeseerx = 10.1.1.462.876 }}
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20. ^1 {{Cite journal |first1 = Petr |last1 = Pravec |first2 = Alan W. |last2 = Harris |first3 = Peter |last3 = Kusnirák |first4 = Adrián |last4 = Galád |first5 = Kamil |last5 = Hornoch |date = September 2012 |title = Absolute magnitudes of asteroids and a revision of asteroid albedo estimates from WISE thermal observations |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2012Icar..221..365P |journal = Icarus |volume = 221 |issue = 1 |pages = 365–387 |bibcode = 2012Icar..221..365P |doi = 10.1016/j.icarus.2012.07.026 |access-date= 7 December 2016}}
21. ^1 2 {{Cite journal |author = Warner, Brian D. |date = January 2017 |title = Near-Earth Asteroid Lightcurve Analysis at CS3-Palmer Divide Station: 2016 July-September |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2017MPBu...44...22W |journal = The Minor Planet Bulletin |volume = 44 |issue = 1 |pages = 22–36 |issn = 1052-8091 |bibcode = 2017MPBu...44...22W |access-date= 11 June 2017}}
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External links

  • Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info)
  • [https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books
  • Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
  • Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000) – Minor Planet Center
  • {{JPL small body}}
{{Minor planets navigator|2099 Öpik|number=2100|2101 Adonis}}{{Small Solar System bodies}}{{DEFAULTSORT:002100}}

8 : Aten asteroids|Discoveries by Eleanor F. Helin|Minor planets named from Egyptian mythology|Named minor planets|Radar-imaged asteroids|C-type asteroids (Tholen)|Xc-type asteroids (SMASS)|Astronomical objects discovered in 1978
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