“British royal family”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The British royal family comprises Queen Elizabeth II and her close relations. There is no strict legal or formal definition of who is or is not a member of the British royal family.

Those who at the time are entitled to the style His or Her Royal Highness (HRH), and any styled His or Her Majesty (HM), are normally considered members, including those so styled before the beginning of the current monarch's reign. By this criterion, a list of the current royal family will usually include the monarch, the children and male-line grandchildren of the monarch and previous monarchs, the children of the eldest son of the Prince of Wales, and all their current or widowed spouses.

Some members of the royal family have official residences named as the places from which announcements are made in the Court Circular about official engagements they have carried out. The state duties and staff of some members of the royal family are funded from a parliamentary annuity, the amount of which is fully refunded by the Queen to the Treasury.^[1]

Since 1917, when King George V changed the name of the royal house from Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, members of the royal family have belonged, either by birth or by marriage, to the House of Windsor. Senior titled members of the royal family do not usually use a surname, although since 1960 Mountbatten-Windsor, incorporating Prince Philip's adopted surname of Mountbatten, has been prescribed as a surname for Elizabeth II's direct descendants who do not have royal styles and titles, and it has sometimes been used when required for those who do have such titles. The royal family are regarded as British cultural icons, with young adults from abroad naming the family among a group of people that they most associated with UK culture.^[2]

Status

On 30 November 1917, King George V issued letters patent defining the styles and titles of members of the royal family; the text of the notice from the London Gazette is:^[3]

In 1996, Queen Elizabeth II modified these letters patent, and this Notice appeared in the London Gazette:^[4]

On 31 December 2012, letters patent were issued to extend a title and a style borne by members of the royal family to additional persons to be born, and this Notice appeared in the London Gazette:^[5]

Members and relatives of the British royal family historically represented the monarch in various places throughout the British Empire, sometimes for extended periods as viceroys, or for specific ceremonies or events. Today, they often perform ceremonial and social duties throughout the United Kingdom and abroad on behalf of the United Kingdom. Aside from the monarch, their only constitutional role in the affairs of government is to serve, if eligible and when appointed by letters patent, as a Counsellor of State, two or more of whom exercise the authority of the Crown (within stipulated limits) if the monarch is indisposed or abroad. In the other countries of the Commonwealth royalty do not serve as Counsellors of State, although they may perform ceremonial and social duties on behalf of individual states or the organisation.

The Queen, her consort, her children and grandchildren, as well as all former sovereigns' children and grandchildren, hold places in the first sections of the official orders of precedence in England and Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. Wives of the said enjoy their husbands' precedence, and husbands of princesses are unofficially but habitually placed with their wives as well. However, the Queen changed the private order of precedence in the royal family in favour of Princesses Anne and Alexandra, who henceforth take private precedence over the Duchess of Cornwall, who is otherwise the realm's highest ranking woman after the Queen herself.^[6]^[7] She did not alter the relative precedence of other born-princesses, such as the daughters of her younger sons.

Members

Family members not using a royal style

There are a few immediate family members (a spouse and the children and grandchildren of its current full or deceased members) using no royal style who sometimes appear in listings:^[8]^[9]

Family tree of members

Notes

1. ^Sovereign Grant Act: main provisions
2. ^{{cite news|title=Culture, attraction and soft power|url=https://www.britishcouncil.org/sites/default/files/as-others-see-us-report.pdf|publisher=British Council|date=12 December 2016}}
3. ^{{London Gazette |issue=30428 |date=14 December 1917 |page=13086 }}
4. ^{{London Gazette |issue=54510 |date=30 August 1996 |page=11603 |nolink=yes }}
5. ^{{London Gazette |issue=60384 |date=8 January 2013 |page=213 |nolink=yes }}
6. ^{{Cite journal|last = Davies|first = Caroline|date = 24 December 2005|title = First royal Sandringham Christmas for Camilla|newspaper=The Daily Telegraph |location=UK |url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1506237/First-royal-Sandringham-Christmas-for-Camilla.html|accessdate =9 January 2013|postscript = }}
7. ^{{Cite journal|last = Eden|first = Richard|date = 24 June 2012|title = The Queen tells the Duchess of Cambridge to curtsy to the 'blood princesses'|newspaper=The Daily Telegraph |location=UK |url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/theroyalfamily/9351571/The-Queen-tells-the-Duchess-of-Cambridge-to-curtsy-to-the-blood-princesses.html|accessdate =9 January 2013|postscript = }}
8. ^{{cite web|title=Lord Chamberlain's Diamond Jubilee Guidelines |url=http://www.royal.gov.uk/pdf/Charlotte%20Martin%20Sep12/ANNEX%20C%20-%20Royal%20Family.pdf |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130116213319/http://www.royal.gov.uk/pdf/Charlotte%20Martin%20Sep12/ANNEX%20C%20-%20Royal%20Family.pdf |archivedate=16 January 2013 }}
9. ^{{cite web|title=Trade Marks Manual|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/560039/Manual-of-trade-marks-practice.pdf#page208|publisher=Intellectual Property Office|accessdate=3 December 2016|page=204}}
10. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20140201141036/http://www.gov-news.org/gov/uk/news/title_of_hrh_the_prince_edward/40309.html UK Government News – 19th June, 1999: TITLE OF HRH THE PRINCE EDWARD] (Accessed 18 January 2014)
11. ^The Prince of Wales' first wife, Diana, Princess of Wales, died in a car crash in 1997. They had divorced in 1996. She lost the style of Royal Highness but remained a member of the royal family to reflect the fact she was the mother of the second and third in line to the throne, Prince William and Prince Harry.

In other Commonwealth realms

As the royal family is shared by other Commonwealth realms, its members will often also conduct official and non-official duties outside the United Kingdom, on behalf of the relevant state.

Status

Members

Family members not using a royal style

Family tree of members

In other Commonwealth realms

See also

Notes

References

Further reading

External links