| 词条 | Cambarus aculabrum |
| 释义 |
| image = Cambarus aculabrum.jpg | status = CR | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = [1] | regnum = Animalia | phylum = Arthropoda | subphylum = Crustacea | classis = Malacostraca | ordo = Decapoda | familia = Cambaridae | genus = Cambarus | species = C. aculabrum | binomial = Cambarus aculabrum | binomial_authority = Hobbs & Brown, 1987 }}Cambarus aculabrum is a rare species of crayfish known by the common name Benton cave crayfish.[2] It is native to Arkansas in the United States, where it is known from only four locations.[2] It is a federally listed endangered species of the United States.[3] This crayfish was first described to science as a new species in 1987. It is about 48 millimeters (1.8 inches) long. A troglobite, it lacks pigment, making it white in color, it and has only rudimentary eyes. It is genetically distinct from other species of cave crayfish.[3] The crayfish lives at four caves in northern Arkansas, three in Benton County and one in Washington County. It is not considered an Arkansas endemic species because 58% of one of the Benton County cave zones is actually within the neighboring state of Missouri.[2] This crayfish feeds on organic matter washed into the cave from the surface, and on bat guano.[4] It is sometimes eaten by the banded sculpin (Cottus carolinae). Little else is known about its ecology.[2] Threats to this species include direct mortality when they are trampled by cave explorers and trespassers. Gates have been put in place at the caves to protect them but vandalism is still a threat. Pollution of the groundwater in the caves was the main reason the animal was federally listed. Individuals are sometimes washed out of caves during floods, leading to mortality.[2] References1. ^{{Cite journal | author = J. Cordeiro | author2 = T. Jones | author3 = R. DiStefano | author4 = R. F. Thoma | last-author-amp = yes | title = Cambarus aculabrum | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 2010 | page = e.T3688A10018152 | publisher = IUCN | date = 2010 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/3688/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-3.RLTS.T3688A10018152.en | access-date = 6 January 2018}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q3934315}}2. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite journal |author1=G. O. Graening |author2=Michael E. Slay |author3=Arthur V. Brown |author4=Jeffrey B. Koppelman |year=2006 |title=Status and distribution of the endangered Benton cave crayfish, Cambarus aculabrum (Decapoda: Cambaridae) |journal=The Southwestern Naturalist |volume=51 |issue=3 |pages=376–439 |url=http://www.csus.edu/indiv/g/graeningg/Pubs/swna-51-03-376.pdf |format=PDF |jstor=20424733 |doi=10.1894/0038-4909(2006)51[376:SADOTE]2.0.CO;2}} 3. ^1 USFWS. Endangered status determined for the cave crayfish Cambarus aculabrum. Federal Register April 27, 1993. 4. ^Cambarus aculabrum. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928224451/http://www.nbii.gov/portal/server.pt/community/threatened_and_endangered_species/2036/benton_cave_cave_crayfish/7536# |date=2011-09-28 }} National Biological Information Infrastructure. 11 : Cambaridae|Cave crayfish|Crustaceans of the United States|Endemic fauna of the United States|Freshwater crustaceans of North America|Fauna of the Plains-Midwest (United States)|Natural history of Arkansas|Natural history of Missouri|Critically endangered fauna of the United States|Taxonomy articles created by Polbot|Crustaceans described in 1987 |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。