“Canarias-class cruiser”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Canarias-class cruiser

释义

Design
Ships
Service history
References
External links

{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2017}}{{no footnotes|date=January 2013}}{{Infobox ship image

Ship image=Canarias.jpg

Ship caption=Canarias during the Spanish Civil War
}}{{Infobox ship class overview

Name=Canarias class

Builders=Sociedad Española de Construcción Naval in Ferrol

Spain}}

Almirante Cervera|cruiser|4}}

Class after= None

Subclasses=

Cost=

Built range=1928–1935

In service range=

In commission range=1935–1975

Total ships building=

Total ships planned=3

Total ships completed=2

Total ships cancelled=1

Total ships active=

Total ships laid up=

Total ships lost=1

Total ships retired=1

Total ships preserved=
}}{{Infobox ship characteristics

Hide header=

Header caption=

Ship type=Heavy cruiser

10670|LT|t|abbr=on}} standard

{{convert|13500|LT|t|abbr=on}} full load

636|ft|m|abbr=on}}

64|ft|m|abbr=on}}

Ship height=

21|ft|5|in|m|abbr=on}}

90,000|hp|abbr=on}}

Ship propulsion= 4 shafts, Parsons type geared turbines

33|kn|km/h|lk=in}}

8000|nmi|km|lk=in|abbr=on}} at {{convert|15|kn|km/h|abbr=on}}

Ship complement=679

Ship sensors=

Ship EW=

8|in|mm|0|adj=on}} guns in four twin turrets

8 × {{convert|4.7|in|mm|0|adj=on}} guns
12 × 40 mm AA guns
3 × 20 mm AA guns
12 × {{convert|21|in|mm|0|adj=on}} torpedo tubes in triple mounts above water

2|in|mm|abbr=on|0}}

Deck {{convert|1.5|-|1|in|mm|abbr=on|0}}
Magazine {{convert|4|in|mm|abbr=on|0}} box around
Turret {{convert|1|in|mm|abbr=on|0}}
Conning tower {{convert|1|in|mm|abbr=on|0}}

Ship notes=
}}

The Canarias class was a class of heavy cruiser of the Spanish Navy. Two ships of the class were completed in the 1930s. They were built in Spain by the Vickers-Armstrongs subsidiary Sociedad Española de Construcción Naval upon a British design, and were a modified version of the Royal Navy′s County class. The two ships completed, {{ship|Spanish cruiser|Canarias||2}} and {{ship|Spanish cruiser|Baleares||2}}, both saw service during the Spanish Civil War, the latter being sunk.

Design

The ships were ordered in 1926 and were based on the British County-class cruisers. The designer was Sir Phillip Watts. These ships had anti-torpedo bulges and a slightly narrower beam as well as more powerful machinery. The boiler rooms were re-arranged compared to the British design and trunked into a single massive funnel rather than three funnels used on the British cruisers. The Spanish ships had a stronger secondary armament and although the original design included a catapult for a seaplane this was never installed.

Ships

Both ships were built by SECN in Ferrol.

Ship	Launched	Completed	Fate
Spanish cruiser\|Canarias	2}	28 May 1931	1936	Decommissioned 1975
Spanish cruiser\|Baleares	2}	20 April 1932	1937	Sunk 6 March 1938 by Republican destroyers in the Battle of Cape Palos

A third ship was projected but not ordered.

Service history

Both ships were making their final sea trials when seized by the Nationalist side in the Spanish Civil War. Both of them were fitting out and completed with makeshift fire control and secondary armament.

Canarias was the flagship of the Nationalist Navy and sank 34 ships including the Republican destroyer {{ship|Spanish destroyer|Almirante Ferrándiz||2}} and the Soviet merchant Komsomol. She also damaged the destroyer {{ship|Spanish destroyer|José Luis Díez||2}}, forcing her to seek refuge at Gibraltar. During World War II she took part in the search of survivors from the {{ship|German battleship|Bismarck||2|up=yes}}.

Baleares was completed without 'Y' turret, which was retrofitted in 1937. In September 1937 she engaged two Republican light cruisers in the Battle of Cape Cherchell. During a raid on Palma de Majorca in March 1938 she was intercepted by Republican destroyers and torpedoed by the destroyer {{ship|Spanish destroyer|Lepanto||2}}. The torpedoes blew up the forward magazines, disintegrating the fore part of the ship. The stern half remained afloat and 372 of her crew of 1221 were saved by British destroyers {{HMS|Boreas|H77|2}} and {{HMS|Kempenfelt|I18|2}}. 786 men died during the action.

References

Canarias specs at Bismarck site
{{cite book|last=Whitley |first=M.J. |title=Cruisers of World War 2 an International Encyclopedia}}
Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922-1946

External links

[https://web.archive.org/web/20090824072845/http://www.buquesdeguerra.tk/ BUQUESDEGUERRA.TK], a Spanish website about warships (Spanish)

2 : Cruiser classes|Canarias-class cruisers

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