| 词条 | Carbamic acid | ||||
| 释义 |
| verifiedrevid = 477313849 | ImageFileL1 = Carbaminsäure.svg | ImageNameL1 = Structural formula of carbamic acid | ImageFileR1 = Carbamic-acid-3D-balls-C.png | ImageNameR1 = Ball-and-stick model of carbamic acid | IUPACName = Carbamic acid | OtherNames = Aminomethanoic Acid |Section1={{Chembox Identifiers | ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} | ChemSpiderID = 271 | ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} | ChEMBL = 125278 | KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}} | KEGG = C01563 | InChI = 1/CH3NO2/c2-1(3)4/h2H2,(H,3,4) | InChIKey = KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYAC | StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChI = 1S/CH3NO2/c2-1(3)4/h2H2,(H,3,4) | StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChIKey = KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N | CASNo = 463-77-4 | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} | PubChem = 277 | ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} | ChEBI = 28616 | DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}} | DrugBank = DB04261 | SMILES = O=C(O)N | MeSHName = Carbamic+acid |Section2={{Chembox Properties | C=1|H=3|N=1|O=2 | Appearance = | Density = | MeltingPt = | Solubility = |Section7={{Chembox Hazards | MainHazards = | FlashPt = |Section8={{Chembox Related | OtherCompounds = Formamide Dithiocarbamate Carbonic acid Urea Ethyl carbamate }}Carbamic acid is the compound with the formula H2NCOOH. The attachment of the acid group to a nitrogen or amine (instead of carbon) distinguishes it from carboxylic acid and an amide. Many derivatives and analogues of carbamic acid are known. They are generally unstable, reverting to the parent amine and carbon dioxide.[1] The deprotonated anion (or conjugate base) of this functional group is a carbamate. Carbamic acid is a planar molecule.[2] OccurrenceCarbamic acid is an intermediate in the production of urea, which involves the reaction of carbon dioxide and ammonia.[3] CO2 + NH3 → H2NCOOH H2NCOOH + NH3 → CO(NH2)2 + H2O Carbamoyltransferases are transferase enzymes classified under EC number 2.1.3. Derivatives of carbamic acidCarbamic acids are intermediates in the decomposition of carbamate protecting groups; the hydrolysis of an ester bond produces carbamic acid the evolution of carbon dioxide drives the deprotection reaction forward, yielding the unprotected amine. Carbamates usually refer to esters of carbamic acid. Methyl carbamate is the simplest ester of carbamic acid. Unlike carbamic acids, the esters are stable. They are prepared by reaction of carbamoyl chlorides with alcohols, the addition of alcohols to isocyanates, and the reaction of carbonate esters with ammonia.[4]Some esters have use as muscle relaxants which bind to the barbiturate site of the GABAA receptor,[5] while others are used as insecticides, for example aldicarb.[6] See also
References1. ^{{cite book | page = 63 | url =https://books.google.com/books?id=a3L7eYbsyhkC&pg=PT24 | isbn = 978-0-7817-4381-5 | first = Thomas L. | last = Lemke | year = 2003 | publisher = Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins | location = Philadelphia, PA | title = Review of Organic Functional Groups: Introduction to Medicinal Organic Chemistry }} {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Carbamic Acid}}2. ^{{cite journal |doi=10.1016/S1386-1425(98)00228-5 |pmid=10347902 |title=Carbamic acid: Molecular structure and IR spectra |journal=Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy |volume=55 |issue=5 |pages=961–7 |year=1999 |last1=Khanna |first1=R. K. |last2=Moore |first2=M. H. |bibcode=1999AcSpA..55..961K }} 3. ^{{ Ullmann | last1 = Meessen | first1 = J. H. |last2= Petersen |first2=H. | title = Urea | doi = 10.1002/14356007.a27_333 }} 4. ^{{cite book |doi=10.1002/14356007.a05_051 |chapter=Carbamates and Carbamoyl Chlorides |title=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry |year=2000 |last1=Jäger |first1=Peter |last2=Rentzea |first2=Costin N. |last3=Kieczka |first3=Heinz |isbn=3527306730 }} 5. ^{{cite book | page = 495 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=CeibVy3-LSMC&pg=PA495 | isbn = 978-0-7817-3481-3 | chapter = Central Nervous System Depressant | editor1-first = John H. |editor1-last=Block |editor2-first= John M. |editor2-last=Beale | year = 2004 | publisher = Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins | location = Philadelphia, PA | title = Wilson and Gisvold's Textbook of Organic Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry}} 6. ^{{cite journal |doi=10.2307/3430304 |pmid=3304999 |pmc=1474664 |jstor=3430304 |title=The Toxicologic Effects of the Carbamate Insecticide Aldicarb in Mammals: A Review |journal=Environmental Health Perspectives |volume=72 |pages=267–281 |year=1987 |last1=Risher |first1=John F. |last2=Mink |first2=Franklin L. |last3=Stara |first3=Jerry F. }} 2 : Carbamates|Hypothetical chemical compounds |
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