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词条 Caribbean Bloc of the FARC-EP
释义

  1. Commanders

  2. 19th Front

  3. 35th Front

  4. 37th Front

  5. 41st Front

  6. 59th Front

  7. José Antequera Urban Front

  8. Notes

The Caribbean Bloc of the FARC-EP was a medium-sized FARC-EP bloc which operated in the Northern areas of Colombia and along the Caribbean coast, with routes and access to the coast being strategically important, and was thus sometimes referred to as the Northern Bloc. At the end of the 1990s the group had much control over the rural areas connecting the urban centers of the Caribbean region, but in the 2000s was forced to retreat into the more inhospitable Andes. The group's leaders have been held responsible for numerous kidnappings and killings along the entire Caribbean coast, including the urban centers Cartagena, Barranquilla, Valledupar and Santa Marta. This bloc was also the center of the high-profile kidnapping of Fernando Araújo, who recovered his freedom during a Colombian National Army offensive in early 2007.

The specific divisions of the group are arguable. Some of the believed divisions or "fronts", as they were commonly call them, are shown below. It is worth noting that many of these fronts sometimes worked together towards a certain mission, while others were further divided into "columns" and "companies" with a smaller number of members. For more general information see FARC-EP Chain of Command.

Commanders

Alias Name Note
Bertulfo Álvarez Emilio Cabrera Díaz[1]
Martín Caballero Gustavo Rueda Díaz[2] Killed in 2007.[3]
Simón Trinidad Ricardo Palmera Pineda Arrested and extradited in 2004.[4]

19th Front

Also known as the José Prudencio Padilla Front, it was composed by up to 200 combatants and operated mostly in the Magdalena Department.

Alias Name Note
Solís Almeida Abelardo Caicedo Colorado[5]
Felipe Arango Killed in 2007.[6]
  • Includes the Marcos Sánchez Castellón Mobile Column.

35th Front

Also known as the Benkos Bioho Front, it was composed by up to 220 combatants and operated mostly in the Sucre Department.

Alias Name Note
"Jader" Miguel Gaviria Fontalvo Arrested in 2008.[7]
Dúber Rubén Darío Pérez Contreras Killed in 2008.[8]
Oswaldo Guillermo Róquemes Díaz Killed in 2007.[9]
"El Pollo Isrra" Víctor Antonio Lopera Úsuga Killed in 2008.[10]
"Freddy", "Mocho", "Chiqui" César David Villalobos Cadena Arrested in May 2010.

37th Front

This front was considered to be the most dangerous faction of the Caribbean Bloc. It was composed by up to 250 combatants and operated mostly in the Bolívar Department. The 37th Front had a historically strong presence in northern Colombia, once controlling large amounts of territory. Military pressure in the 2000s forced the unit to retreat deeper south while their numbers dwindled. The front was announced as dismantled by the Colombian president Juan Manuel Santos on June 2012.[11]

Alias Name Note
Martín Caballero Gustavo Rueda Díaz[12] Killed in 2007.[13]
"Libardo" or "Chamo" José Alberto Díaz Meza Handed himself to the Colombian army in September 24, 2011[14]
"Silvio" or "El Frances." Luis Enrique Benitez Cañola Commander of the front, killed on June 2012.[15]
  • Includes the Cacique Yurbaco Column.

41st Front

Also known as the Cacique Upar Front, this front was composed by up to 180 combatants and operated mostly in the Cesar Department.

Alias Name Note
Gonzalo First commander[16]
Willington, Caraquemada Carlos Julio Vargas Medina[17]

59th Front

This front was composed by up to 200 combatants and operated mostly in the Cesar and Guajira Departments.

Alias Name Note
Aldemar Altamiranda Gilberto de Jesús Giraldo Davis[18]
El Indio Higuen Enrique Martínez Arias Probably killed in 2007[19]
Pedro Iguarán Aldo Manuel Moscote May have assumed Rodrigo Granda´s position after his arrest.[20]

José Antequera Urban Front

This urban network was directly composed by 30 combatants, although it was suspected to include a much larger number of members. It was considered FARC's greatest influence in the coastal city of Barranquilla.

Alias Name Note
Juancho, JJ Juan José Domínguez Vargas Arrested in 2006.[21]

Notes

1. ^Fuerza Aérea Colombiana. "Ministry of defense present rewards campaign" April 4, 2006. Available online. Accessed August 8, 2007.
2. ^Caracol Radio. "Capturan a una hija del guerrillero Martín Caballero" May 24, 2007. Available online. Accessed August 8, 2007.
3. ^El Tiempo. "'Martín Caballero', jefe del Frente 37 de las Farc, murió en combate" October 25, 2007. Available online. Accessed October 25, 2007.
4. ^Fuera Aérea Colombiana. "Inician juicio a ‘Simón Trinidad’" October 9, 2006. Available online. Accessed August 8, 2007.
5. ^Fuerza Aérea Colombiana. "Ministry of defense present rewards campaign" April 4, 2006. Available online. Accessed August 8, 2007.
6. ^Ejército Nacional de Colombia. "Palabras del Ministro De Defensa Nacional, Juan Manuel Santos, en la ceremonia de ascenso de oficiales superiores de las Fuerzas Militares" December 6, 2007. Available online. Accessed December 6, 2007.
7. ^http://colombiareports.com/2008/05/23/two-farc-leaders-arrested-in-colombia/{{dead link|date=November 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
8. ^El Tiempo. "Sucesor de 'Martín Caballero' en las Farc murió en combate" February 11, 2008. Available online. Accessed February 12, 2008.
9. ^El Tiempo. "13 golpes a mandos medios de Farc" August 6, 2007. Available online. Accessed August 8, 2007.
10. ^{{es icon}} El Tiempo: Abatido en combate alias 'El Pollo Isra', segundo cabecilla del frente 35 de las Farc
11. ^{{cite web|url=http://colombiareports.com/colombia-news/news/24456-farcs-37th-front-dismantled-santos.html|title=FARC's 37th Front dismantled: Santos - Colombia News - Colombia Reports|work=Colombia News - Colombia Reports|accessdate=16 December 2014}}
12. ^Fuerza Aérea Colombiana. "Capturado guerrillero hijo del secuestrador del Canciller Araújo" May 24, 2007. Available online. Accessed August 8, 2007.
13. ^El Tiempo. "'Martín Caballero', jefe del Frente 37 de las Farc, murió en combate" October 25, 2007. Available online. Accessed October 25, 2007.
14. ^Ejército de Colombia: "Se entrega a las tropas segundo cabecilla de la cuadrilla 37 de las Farc" September 24, 2011.  . Accessed September 24, 2011.
15. ^{{cite web|url=http://colombiareports.com/colombia-news/news/24456-farcs-37th-front-dismantled-santos.html|title=FARC's 37th Front dismantled: Santos - Colombia News - Colombia Reports|work=Colombia News - Colombia Reports|accessdate=16 December 2014}}
16. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.elpaisvallenato.com/html/noticias/2011/diciembre/11/5804497ejercitointensifican.html |title=El Pas Vallenato, Noticias de Colombia, Noticias de Valledupar |publisher= |accessdate=16 December 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426080633/http://www.elpaisvallenato.com/html/noticias/2011/diciembre/11/5804497ejercitointensifican.html |archivedate=26 April 2012 |df= }}
17. ^Fuerza Aérea Colombiana. "Capturan a menor integrante de las Farc" July 13, 2006. Available online. Accessed August 8, 2007.
18. ^El País Vallenato. "Supuesto asesino de la ‘Cacica’ habría muerto en enfrentamiento interno entre guerrilleros" May 8, 2007. Available online {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070817012219/http://www.elpaisvallenato.com/html/noticias/mayo/08/5804497supuestoasesino.html |date=August 17, 2007 }}. Accessed August 8, 2007.
19. ^El País Vallenato. "Supuesto asesino de la ‘Cacica’ habría muerto en enfrentamiento interno entre guerrilleros" May 8, 2007. Available online {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070817012219/http://www.elpaisvallenato.com/html/noticias/mayo/08/5804497supuestoasesino.html |date=August 17, 2007 }}. Accessed August 8, 2007.
20. ^Gentiuno. "Artillería del Oficio" May 25, 2005. Available online {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070807231513/http://www.gentiuno.com/articulo.asp?articulo=2590 |date=August 7, 2007 }}. Accessed August 8, 2007.
21. ^Fuerza Aérea Colombiana. "Policía capturó a cabecilla de las Farc" July 24, 2006. Available online. Accessed August 8, 2007.
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